constricted notes but effectively grasping only intro and history of aids and secondary immunodeciciencies

1.  The most significant global cause of immunudeficency is HIV
infection.
 It is a secondary(orAcquied) Immunodeficiency disease.

2.  ID diseases are not always inherited;
sometimes they are acquired as a result of
infections, malignancies, autoimmune
diseases, or other conditions.
 for example;- congenital rubella infections
can decreaseT-cell functions and antibody
production to the extent that infants fail to
respond to vaccines .
 Once patients develop ID, they may suffer
from chronic or frequent recurrent infections.

3.  Among malignant diseases that produce
immunodeficiencies, those to lymphoid
tissues suppressT-cell functions and those of
bone marrow suppress bothT-cell functions
and antibody porductions.
 Autoimmune diseases, some kidney
disorders, severe burns, malnutritions or
starvation, and anesthesia also can cause
temporary/permanent immunodeficiencies.

4.  The most well-known secondary ID is a
acquired immune deficiency syndrome ( AIDS),
an infectious disease caused by the human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
 This HIV belongs to the family Lentiviridae.
 HIV is a retrovirus that is transmitted
sexually, in blood or by blood products, and
perinatally.

5.  HIV~ (Human ImmunodeficiencyVirus) The virus
compromises the body’s ability to handle disease and
causes AIDS.
 AIDS~ (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) It is
related to HIV, but they are not one in the same. A
person has AIDS only in the final stages of HIV, after
the immune system becomes unable to defend itself
against foreign invaders like bacteria, other viruses,
and allows the development of certain cancers.

6.  HIV-2 : is endemic in west Africa and appers
to be less pathogenic.
 HIV-1: has several subtypes (or Clades),
which are designated by the letters A to K
and the prevalence of the different clades
varies by geographical region -- over 90% of
people are infected with HIV - 1 living in
developing countries ( US, Canada and
Europe ) and spread is 80% by the sexual
route.

7.  Over 25 million people have died from AIDS,
since the first cases were described in 1981.
 Although sub-SaharanAfrica has the highest
prevalence of HIv-1 infection in the world
(7.4% of the region), the largest increases of
new infection is ocuring in East ASIA, where
the number of HIV positive people increased
by 50% b/w 2002 to 2004.

8.  As of the end of 2004 , theWorld Health
Organization (WHO ) estimates that,
approximately 40 million people are living
with HIV infectionWorldwide, with
approximately 5 millions of new infection and
3 millions deaths due to AIDS eachYear.

9. HIV is not airborne and
cannot be caught by
touching skin, sweat or
saliva.
You cannot get HIV by
holding hands or sharing
drinks.
Mosquito's do not inject
other peoples blood when
they bite and so can’t
spread HIV.

10. www.aids.gov
www.aidshealth.org
www.aidsmap.com