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Hiv 101 dr susan gregorio
The document provides information about HIV/AIDS cases and deaths over time. It notes that AIDS was first referred to in 1985 and was the number 1 killer in Africa by 1994. The first Philippine case was reported in 1984 and the Philippine National AIDS Council was established in 1993.
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Hiv 101 dr susan gregorio
- 1. 1985 1991 1994
- 2. First cases appear AcquiredImmune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is used to refer to the disease; First AIDS cases reported in Africa HIV is isolated AIDS becomes the No. 1 killer in Africa Philippine National AIDS Council 2
- 3.
- 4. First case reported Establishmentof PNAC Enactment of RA 8504 Adoption of Implementing Rules and Regulations drafted by multisectoral members of the PNAC Philippine National AIDS Council 4
- 5. Where did HIVcome from? Most likely theory: “Crossed over" into the human population from a particular species of Chimpanzee. Probably through blood contact that occurred during hunting and field dressing of the animal. 5
- 6. What is thedifference between HIV and AIDS? Can only infect human beings Attacks the body’s immune system by weakening its defenses against diseases/infections An organism, a characteristic of which is that it reproduces itself, taking over the machinery of the human cell 6
- 7. How HIV infects? CD4 CD4 cell helps us to fight against various infections
- 8. How HIV infects? HIV OI’s HIV attacks CD4 cell, multiply inside and gradually kills them. Once CD4 are destroyed our body’s resistance to fight infections goes down and person suffers from lots of infections
- 9. How HIV infects? This end stage of HIV infection is called AIDS. It takes many years for AIDS to develop and till that time infected person usually remains healthy.
- 10. Overview of HIV Natural History of HIV Infection 1000 900 CD4+ T cells 800 700 Acute HIV infection TB 600 syndrome Asymptomatic 500 HZV CD4+ Cell Count 400 Window Period OHL Relative level of 300 Plasma HIV-RNA OC 200 PPE PCP 100 CM Antibody CMV, MAC 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Months …….. Years after HIV Infection National AIDS/STI Prevention and Control National AIDS/STI Prevention & Control Program Program Module 1 Sub Module 3 – PPT02 Department of Health
- 11. A Acquired Transmitted from person to person. It affects the body's immune system, part of the I Immune- body which usually works to fight off germs such as bacteria and viruses. D Deficiency It makes the immune system work improperly. S Syndrome Someone with AIDS may experience a wide range of different diseases and opportunistic infections. Office of the WHO Representative in the Philippines
- 12. What is thedifference between HIV and AIDS? AIDS means that the virus has almost destroyed the immune system - Occurs in about (ave.) 8years from HIV infection 12
- 13. Philippine National AIDSCouncil 13
- 14. Source of illustration:DOH, Remedios AIDS Foundation, UNICEF Philippine National AIDS Council 14
- 15. Source: DOH, RemediosAIDS Foundation, UNICEF Philippine National AIDS Council 15
- 16. Source of illustrations:DOH, Remedios AIDS Foundation, UNICEF Philippine National AIDS Council 16
- 17. Sources of illustrations:DOH, Remedios AIDS Foundation, UNICEF; UNODC Philippine National AIDS Council 17
- 18. How does aPerson With HIV look like? You can’t tell if a person has HIV by merely looking at him/her
- 20. HIV Counseling andTesting 1. Client or partner have or in the past suffered from symptoms of STI 2. Client or partner have multiple sexual partners 3. Client or partner have history of injecting drug National AIDS/STI Prevention & Control Program Department of Health
- 21. What if Itest HIV-positive? •the sooner you take steps to protect your health, the better. •Early medical treatment, a healthy lifestyle and a positive attitude can help you stay well and may delay the onset of AIDS and prevent some life-threatening conditions. 21
- 22. TREATMENT National AIDS/STI Prevention& Control Program Department of Health • Anti-retrovirals (ARV) – for treatment (lifetime) and PROPHYLAXIS) -available for free in the DOH-designated Treatment Hubs As of December 2009 more than 800 PLHIV on ARV including children
- 23. Article I :Education and Information Article II : Safe Practices and Procedures Article III : Testing, Screening , and Counseling Article IV : Health and Support Services Article V : Monitoring Article VI : Promulgates policies and Confidentiality prescribes measures Establishes a comprehensive HIV Article VII : and AIDS monitoring system Discriminatory Acts and Strengthens PNAC policies Article VIII : The Philippine National AIDS
- 25. Philippine National AIDSCouncil 25
- 26. 5th AMTP StrategiesFramework GOAL By 2016, the country will have prevented the further spread of HIV infection and reduced the impact of the disease on individuals, families, sectors and communities STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES To improve the To improve the To enhance To strengthen To strengthen coverage and coverage and policies for scaling capacities of the partnerships and quality of quality of TCS up PNAC and its develop capacities prevention programs for implementation, members to for the 5th AMTP programs for people living with effective oversee the implementation of persons at most HIV (including management and implementation of LGUs, private risk, vulnerable those who remain coordination of the 5th AMTP sector, civil and living with HIV at risk and HIV programs at society, including vulnerable) and all levels communities of at- their families risk, vulnerable, and living with HIV KEY STRATEGIES • Develop evidence-based, targeted, Provide enabling Expand, build, Develop capacity of comprehensive programs environment strengthen partners • Capacitate service providers management, partnerships and • Provide equitable access to programs collaboration • Enhance decentralized implementation Philippine National AIDS Council 26
- 27. ♠ Behavior-related factors ♠Programmatic factors ♠ Governance-related factors Philippine National AIDS Council 27
- 28. 1. Continuing riskybehavior among the most-at-risk populations (MARPs) 2. Stigma & discrimination against persons living with HIV (PLHIVs) complicate the situation 3. Both behaviors (1 & 2) stem from a low knowledge of HIV and AIDS Philippine National AIDS Council 28
- 29. Philippine National AIDSCouncil 29
- 30. 1. Lack ofpolitical support from the national and local levels Philippine National AIDS Council 30
- 31. Investment coverage Total Est. funding gap Annual average Investments (2011-2016) funding gap (2011-2016) Nationwide 18,899,888,952 16,286,288,952 2,714,381,492 Category A, B & C 7,960,103,333 5,346,503,333 891,083,889 Category A & B 7,018,804,751 4,405,204,751 734,200,792 Category A only 5,902,690,007 3,289,090,007 548,181,668 In Philippine Pesos Philippine National AIDS Council 31
- 32. Philippine National AIDSCouncil 32
- 33. Link of STIand HIV ( Relationship) Sexual Mode of Transmission the same People with STI easily get HIV and pass the virus from one person to another Preventive Measures the same Clinical Services entry point HIV education
- 34. Source of graphic:the-sticlinic.com Philippine National AIDS Council 34
- 35.
- 36. Pain passing urine Severe itchiness Pain Yellowish/abnormal Ulcerations Abdominal pain discharge Philippine National AIDS Council 36
- 37. ♠ Caused bybacteria called neisseria gonorrheae ♠ Usual incubation period is 3 to 7 days ♠ Can be spread through sexual contact ♠ Can affect genitals, throat and anus Symptoms ♠ Yellowish/ Purulent discharge (tulo) ♠ Pelvic inflammation in women ♠ Scrotal swelling in men Philippine National AIDS Council 37
- 38. ♠ Caused bychlamydia trachomatis ♠ Can infect the cervix, urethra, rectum, throat and eyes ♠ Also known as the silent STI Symptoms ♠ Pelvic inflammation ♠ Discharge ♠ Scrotal swelling in men Philippine National AIDS Council 38
- 39. ♠ Caused byspirochete treponema pallidum ♠ Chronic systemic disease (9-90 days) ♠ The organism moves through skin or mucus membrane and into the bloodstream ♠ Can be transmitted through mother to child, blood transfusion, sexual contact Source: Robert Taylor MD at www.healthac.org Symptom ♠ Lesions Philippine National AIDS Council 39
- 40. ♠ Caused by Symptoms human papilloma ♠ Lesions virus (HPV) ♠ Warty growths ♠ Transmitted directly from skin to skin during sexual contact Philippine National AIDS Council 40
- 41. ♠ Caused by Symptoms herpes ♠ Multiple, painful simplex virus 2 shallow ulcers ♠ Incubation ♠ Painful urination period is 2-12 days Philippine National AIDS Council 41
- 42. Until a cureis found… the only effective prevention is NOT to allow the virus to enter the body
Editor's Notes
- #7 Can only infect human beings Attacks the body’s immune system by weakening its defenses against diseases/infections An organism, a characteristic of which is that it reproduces itself, taking over the machinery of the human cell
- #13 Can only infect human beings Attacks the body’s immune system by weakening its defenses against diseases/infections An organism, a characteristic of which is that it reproduces itself, taking over the machinery of the human cell
- #15 Depending on audience, explain the following: High risk through vaginal sex Anal sex – 10 times higher risk than vaginal sex Oral sex regarded as a low-risk sexual activity Majority of infections in the Philippines through sexual transmission; increasingly from a male to another male
- #16 More than 90% risk of acquiring HIV through transfusion of infected blood and blood products. Re-using or sharing needles or syringes in health care settings and through drug injection is a highly efficient way of transmitting HIV.
- #17 Risk of mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy, child delivery or breastfeeding If no intervention, 15–30% risk of transmission from mother to child before and during delivery. Breastfeeding increases the risk of transmission by 5–15%.
- #34 HIV aside from being also sexually transmitted. Other common STIs like gono and syphilis also increases transmission of HIV so that there is a need to aggressively address and/or manage STIs. Addressing STIs is also one of the strategy in controlling HIV since entry point for clinical services of both maybe the same.