The document discusses hexadecimal addition. It explains that hexadecimal is base 16, using 16 digits (0-9 plus A-F) rather than the 10 digits of decimal. To perform hexadecimal addition, one converts each hexadecimal digit to decimal, adds the columns, and converts any results of 16 or greater back to hexadecimal by subtracting 16 and carrying a 1 to the next column. An example problem demonstrates this process step-by-step. The document concludes by listing additional hexadecimal addition problems to practice.

1. MICROPROCESSOR AND
INTERFACING
SUBJECT CODE: 2150707
Presented By:
Prof. Kumar Anand Singh
Deptt. Of ECE
MEFGI
Hexadecimal Addition

2. Decimal basic concepts:
• Decimal is base 10.
• There are 10 digits in counting (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
8, 9)
• When you reach 10, you carry a “1” over to the next
column
• The number after 9 is 10

3. Hexadecimal basic concepts:
• Hexadecimal is base 16.
• There are 16 digits in counting (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F)
• When you reach 16, you carry a “1” over to the
next column
• The number after F (decimal 15) is 10 in hex (or
16 in decimal)

4. Use the following steps to perform hexadecimal
addition:
1. Add one column at a time.
2. Convert to decimal and add the numbers.
3. If the result of step two is 16 or larger subtract the result
from 16 and carry 1 to the next column.
4. If the result of step two is less than 16, convert the
number to hexadecimal.

5. Example: (Use the color code in each step to see
what’s happening)
The problem:
You are to add these numbers:
A C 5 A 9
E D 6 9 4
Carry Over:
1. Add one column at a time
2. Convert to decimal & add (9 + 4 = 13)
3. Follow less than 16 rule
Decimal 13 is hexadecimal D
A C 5 A 9
E D 6 9 4
D

6. Carry Over: 1
1. Add next column
2. Convert to decimal & add (10 + 9 = 19)
3. Follow 16 or larger than 16 rule
(19 – 16 = 3 carry a 1)
A C 5 A 9
E D 6 9 4
3 D
Carry Over: 1
1. Add next column
2. Convert to decimal & add (1 + 5 + 6 = 12)
3. Follow less than 16 rule, convert to hex
Decimal 12 is hexadecimal C
A C 5 A 9
E D 6 9 4
C 3 D

7. Carry Over: 1
1. Add next column
2. Convert to decimal & add (12 + 13 = 25)
3. Follow 16 or larger than 16 rule
(25 – 16 = 9 carry a 1)
A C 5 A 9
E D 6 9 4
9 C 3 D
Carry Over: 1
1. Add next column
2. Convert and add (1 + 10 + 11 = 22)
3. Follow 16 or larger than 16 rule
(22 – 16 = 6 carry a 1)
A C 5 A 9
B D 6 9 4
6 9 C 3 D

8. Carry Over: 1
1. Add next column
2. Convert and add (1 + 0 + 0 = 1)
3. Follow less than 16 rule
0 A C 5 A 9
0 B D 6 9 4
1 6 9 C 3 D
F C B D 9
B A 5 0 4
Practice 1 C 3 A F
3 B 6 D F
1 A 0 8 A
D B C F 4
C C 9 A 9
F D 6 9 9

9. Thank You