This document discusses pests and pest management in medicinal plants. It defines pests as undesired organisms that damage crops. The main types of pests discussed are fungi, viruses, insects, weeds, and non-insect pests like vertebrates and invertebrates. Several examples of each type are provided along with images. The document also discusses four main methods for controlling pests: mechanical, agricultural, biological, and chemical. Each method is described briefly, with examples like hand picking, crop rotation, using predators, and common pesticides.

1. HERBAL DRUG TECHNOLOGY
B.PHARM(6TH SEMESTER)
TOPIC: PEST AND PEST MANAGEMENT IN
MEDICINAL PLANTS
Guide by: Puja R. Basule
Present by: Gunjan R. Patle

2. PEST AND PEST MANAGEMENT IN
MEDICINAL PLANTS
CONTENT:
Definition of pest
Types of pests
Methods of pest control

3. PESTS:
Pest is an undesired animal, plant or microorganisms
that troubles , injuries or cause destruction of crops.
TYPES OF PEST
1. Fungi
2. Virus
3. Insects
4. Weeds
5. Non-insect Pest-
i) Invertebrates
ii)Vertebrates

4. 1] Fungi
Name Of Fungi Disease Caused Symptoms
1. Ascochyta pindoes (Fig. 1) Leaf Necrosis Greyish White Spot
2.Cercospora atropae(Fig. 2) Leaf spot
disease
Brown Spot
3. Phytophthora nicotianae
(Fig. 3)
Phytophthora
rot
Dropping & yellowing of young
leaves
4. Phytophthora erythroseptica Pink tuber rot Root,Tuber turn black
Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3

5. 2] Virus
Tobacco mosaic virus(fig 1) , cucumber mosaic virus(fig. 2) ,
tobacco ringspot virus (fig.3) = Cause necrosis of leaves
petiole,stem.
Fig.1 fig.2 Fig .3

6. 3] Insects
1) Diaphania nitidalis (Fig.1) attacks rauwolfia serpentina.
2) Papilia Machaon (Fig .2) attacks dill & fennel.
3) Gonocephalum species (Fig.3) Cause lose of belladona leaves.
4)Others – Flea bettle, flies, moth , grass hopper , etc
Fig.1 Fig.2 Fig.3

7. 4] Weeds
A weed is an undesired plant ,it can produce loss more than any
other pest or disease.
They cause depletion of nutrient ,water,light,space to cultivated
plants.
Example:- Parthenium, Ragweed,etc.
Ragweed
Parthenium

8. 5]Non-insect Pest
a) Vertebrates :-Monkey,rat,rabbit,bird,plags,etc
b) Invertebrates:- Crabs,Snails,mites
Vertebrates
Invertebrates

9. Method of Pest control
1) Mechanical method
2) Agricultural method
3) Biological method
4) Chemical method
1. Mechanical method
- It include simple technique like hand picking ,pruning ,
burning , using pest traps, collection & destruction of eggs,
larvae & insect.

10. -Construction of concrete ware house to protect from rodent &
animal.
- Devices for trapping rat & mouse can be used.
- Flavoured attractant are placed in funnel-shaped container
for trapping flying insect.
Prun ing

11. 2. Agricultural method
- It involve advance technique of plant breeding which produce
pest-resistance species by genetic engineering technique.
- Methods like crop rotation, inter croping , integrated weed
management method, solarisation , etc are used.
Inter cropping and solarisation

12. 3. Biological method
- This method involve combating of pest with other living
organism such as employment of cats to combat rats & squirrels,
employment of birds to combat insects .
- Some chemical substances produced by female insect such as
sex attractant, which can be used to lure male insect and prevent
reproduction .

13. 4. Chemical method
- Pest are controlled using chemical pesticides which include
insecticides,fungicides , herbicides, rodenticides.
- These chemical substances are highly toxic to human beings.
- Improper use of these chemical pesticide may lead to toxic
effect on animal & human.

14. Examples:-
1) Rodenticides: Warfarin, Strychine, Arsenic tioxide, Thallium
sulphate,red squill, etc.
2)Insecticides: DDT, gammexine, parathion, malathion
sodium arsenate.
3) Miticides: Tetradifon, Chlorobenzolate.
4) Fungicide: Chlorophenols, Quaternary ammonium compounds,
antibiotics.
5) Herbicides: 2,4 dichloro phenoxy acetic acid , calcium
arsenate, etc.

15. Thank You