This document summarizes information about sudden cardiac arrest and the use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) to treat it. It discusses that sudden cardiac arrest is a leading cause of death and discusses ventricular fibrillation as a cause. It then summarizes different AED models from Philips, Zoll, Medtronic, Physio-Control and Cardiac Science and how they provide features like real-time CPR feedback and quick shock capability.

1. MM Presentations By, Shilpa C September 25, 2008

2. Client: MS&L End Client: Philips Medical Systems

3. Sudden cardiac arrest Sudden cardiac arrest is the leading cause of death in the industrialized world and the survival rates are very less. The majority of these deaths are due to ventricular fibrillation (V-fib) secondary to heart attack (or myocardial infarction). During V-fib, cardiac output drops to zero and unless remedied promptly, death usually ensues within minutes. Uncorrected, these cardiac conditions rapidly lead to irreversible brain damage and death. After approximately three minutes, irreversible brain/tissue damage may begin to occur. Every minute lost reduces 10 % chance of survival! Cardiac arrest refers to the cessation of cardiac pump function which may be reversible (may not be fatal). Sudden cardiac death refers to natural death from cardiac causes , heralded by abrupt loss of consciousness within one hour of the onset of acute symptoms. Sudden cardiac death is natural, rapid and unexpected. It does not specifically refer to the mechanism or cause of death.

4. Sudden Cardiac Arrest: A leading killer in the United States Majority have no prior symptoms. Nearly 80% happen in the home. More than 50% of home arrests witnessed.

5. Fibrillation When ventricles or atria does not show any coordinated contractions but merely show irregular oscillations of the surface, then they are termed as fibrillations. Fibrillations result due to a decrease in the rate of conduction of electrical impulses in atria or ventricles.

6. Ventricular fibrillation Ventricular fibrillation (V-fib) occurs in the ventricles of the heart and it is always medical emergency. If left untreated, ventricular fibrillation can lead to death within minutes. When a heart goes into V-fib, ventricles fail to pump blood. V-fib is considered as a form of cardiac arrest, and an individual suffering from it will not survive unless cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and defibrillation are provided immediately.

8. Defibrillation

9. Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) A combination of rescue breathing (mouth-to-mouth resuscitation) and chest compressions. If a person isn't breathing or circulating blood adequately, CPR can restore circulation of oxygen-rich blood to the brain. Without oxygen, permanent brain damage or death can occur in less than 8 minutes. WHEN IS IT NEEDED? If the victim does not respond when shaken If the victim is not breathing normally

10. The victim's airway must be open for breathing to be restored. Open the airway using a head tilt lifting of chin. Do not tilt the head too far back. In a CPR course, participants learn how to open the airway and position a person so that the airway is ready for rescue breathing. Check the pulse on carotid artery using fingers of the other hand. A is for airway

11. Tilt the head back and listen for. If not breathing normally, pinch nose and cover the mouth with yours and blow until you see the chest rise. A person performing rescue breathing is essentially breathing for the victim by forcing air into his or her lungs. This procedure includes breathing into the victim's mouth at correct intervals and checking for signs of life. A CPR course will review correct techniques and procedures for rescuers to position themselves to give mouth-to-mouth breathing a cardio-vascular victim. B is for breathing

12. C is for circulation If you've properly administered rescue breathing, but still see no other signs of life, chest compressions are needed to start circulation. This procedure involves pushing on the chest to help circulate blood and maintain blood flow to major organs. Chest compressions should be coordinated with rescue breathing. A CPR course will teach you how to perform chest compressions in infants, children, and adults and how to coordinate the compressions with rescue breathing.

13. An automated external defibrillator or AED is a portable electronic device that automatically diagnoses the potentially life threatening cardiac arrhythmias of ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia in a patient, and is able to treat them through defibrillation, the application of electrical therapy which stops the arrhythmia, allowing the heart to reestablish an effective rhythm. AEDs are designed to be simple to use for the layman, and the use of AEDs is taught in many first aid, first responder and basic life support (BLS) level CPR classes. Typically, an AED kit will contain a face shield for providing a barrier between patient and first aider during rescue breathing; a pair of nitrile rubber gloves; a pair of trauma shears for cutting through a patient's clothing to expose the chest; a small towel for wiping away any moisture on the chest, and a razor for shaving those with very hairy chests. Automated External Defibrillators

14. Philips HeartStart Defibrillators Whenever, Wherever !!! With more than 175,000 devices deployed, Philips is the worldwide market leader in portable defibrillators on airplanes, and in airports, workplaces, communities & homes. The Philips HeartStart Home Defibrillator is the first and only home defibrillator available without a prescription for use by virtually anyone to help save a life when minutes count. This award-winning defibrillator enable system-wide standardization and consistency of care. This technology is proven effective in emergency resuscitation, exhibiting superior performance at terminating VF. CPR Coaching Available only on HeartStart Defibrillators, CPR Coaching reminds the responder of CPR basics and provides options for both adults and children.

15. Easy to Use Uses clear, natural voice instructions that talk you through each step Senses and adapts to your actions Coaches you through CPR Training video included Safe Based on industry-leading technology Uses a highly accurate algorithm to determine whether the patient’s heart requires a shock Designed to only deliver a shock if one is needed Reliable Performs comprehensive daily self tests Ready to use when you need it Check its status at a glance Government/Private Sector Public Access EMS/Fire/Police Hospital

16. http://www.heartstarthome.com/animated_demo/demo.asp

17. Philips HeartStart FR2+ Defibrillator Featuring SMART CPR and Quick Shock SMART CPR - Research shows that for some patients, especially those in long-duration cardiac arrest, CPR prior to defibrillation may provide more benefit. The SMART CPR algorithm of the HeartStart FR2+ Defibrillator can be configured to look at characteristics of a shockable heart rhythm and advise the user to provide either an immediate defibrillation shock or CPR first followed by a shock. Quick Shock - Research also suggest that the opportunity for survival can be improved if interruptions to CPR are minimized. The Quick Shock capability of the HeartStart FR2+ Defibrillator readies the defibrillator within seconds to deliver a shock, reducing the time between CPR and defibrillation. No other brand can deliver a shock as quickly after CPR.

18. Competitors ■ Medtronic ■ Zoll ■ Physio-control ■ Cardiac Science Physio-Control is now a division of Medtronic.

19. Physio-Control & Medtronic defibrillators LIFEPAK® 1000 defibrillator EMS medical directors are requesting AEDs that provide more flexibility in integrating CPR and defibrillation, resulting in more time for CPR. cprMAX technology provides that flexibility. The LIFEPAK 1000 Defibrillator with cprMAX technology is the most configurable AED on the market today. LIFEPAK AED defibrillators Recommended for: EMS/Fire/Police Response Public Access Government Recommended for: EMS/Fire/Police Response Government

20. Zoll - Defibrillators Zoll’s AED devices include Real CPR Help® that gives real-time feedback on the depth and rate of chest compressions. Audio and visual prompts help you rescue with confidence and clarity unmatched by any other automated external defibrillator (AED). * Not pushing hard enough? It will tell you when to push harder. * Pushing hard enough? It will say, "Good compressions." * It will even show you the depth of each compression. In real time. * Not yet started? The AED Plus will tell you again to get started. * Compressions stopped? It will tell you to continue. AED Pro Automated External Defibrillator AED Plus Automated External Defibrillator

21. Cardiac Science – AED Defibrillators Introduced the first fully automatic bedside defibrillator – Powerheart AED. Powerheart AED defibrillators simplify the rescue process by eliminating the need to press a shock button. All that you have to do is attach the device to a person in cardiac arrest. Once the defibrillation pads are attached to the patient, the device detects the person’s heart rhythm, analyzes the rhythm using the patented RHYTHMx software, and if a life threatening rhythm is detected, the device instructs the user to stand clear & automatically delivers a defibrillation shock to the patient. Soft sided carrying case Hard sided water proof carrying case Powerheart AED defibrillator

22. General Monitoring Terms HeartStart Philips and AED Phillips and AED Philips and automated external defibrillator Philips and defibrillator Phillips and defibrillator Zoll and defibrillator Zoll and AED Zoll and automated external defibrillator Medtronic and AED Medtronic and automated external defibrillator Lifepak and AED Cardiac science and defibrillator Cardiac science and AED Physio-control Defibrillator and implantable Defibrillators and implantable Coverage: UK, Netherlands, Germany, Italy & France Sudden cardiac arrest Cardiopulmonary resuscitation Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and AED Implantable and defibrillator Defibrillator and cardiopulmonary resuscitation CPR and AED Philips Medical Systems Defibrillator and AED Defibrillators and AED Defibrillator and CPR Defibrillators and CPR

23. Categorization of articles Philips News (i.e. HeartStart News) Competitor News General Defibrillator News CPR News Team Members Jyothi LS Shilpa C ● After categorizing the articles, UK articles and translated versions of French, German, Dutch & Italian articles are all numbered & carried in the body of the mail. The original versions of French, German, Dutch & Italian articles are attached separately with the mail. Report sending time: 9AM ET (6.30PM IST) ● No summaries 

24. Primary translator

25. Secondary translators

26. Recent News NASA Selects LIFEPAK(R) 1000 Defibrillator from Physio-Control & Medtronic as First Automated External Defibrillator in Space (August 13, 2008)

27. Helping hands are better than praying hands!