This document discusses health technology and health technology assessment. It defines health technology as tools used in healthcare like devices, procedures, vaccines, and systems to protect and maintain health. Health technology assessment evaluates health technologies and informs policy decisions about their use. The goals of health technology assessment are to make healthcare safer, coverage decisions more consistent, and healthcare more cost effective by relying on scientific evidence. Health technology assessment requires experts from various clinical and technical fields to conduct comprehensive evaluations of new technologies. Evidence-based decision making is important for determining whether to adopt new health technologies while considering their impacts on healthcare and health outcomes.

1. Health technology

2. HEALTH: - Health is a state of
complete physical, mental and social
well-being and not merely the
absence of disease or infirmity.

3. • TECHNOLOGY: The branch of
knowledge that deals with the creation
and use of technical means and their
interrelation with life, society, and the
environment, drawing upon such
subjects as industrial arts, engineering,
applied science, and pure science.

4. HEALTH
TECHNOLOGY
It is the prevention and
rehabilitation, vaccines,
pharmaceuticals and
devices, medical and
surgical procedures, and the
systems within which
health is protected and
maintained

5. • Health technologies are
used at every level of the
health care system from
the simplest to the most
advanced.
• They form the backbone
of the services medicine
can offer in the
prevention, diagnosis and
treatment of illness and
disease.

6. PURPOSE
 Develop and maintain basic operational
frameworks for safe and reliable health
services and technologies.
 Help Member States complete the basic
operational frameworks through project
proposals prepared by Member States.
 Develop norms and standards, guidelines,
training materials, reference materials and
estimation of burden of disease.
 Focus on diseases of the poor.

7. AREAS OF HEALTH TECHNOLOGY

8. ESSENTIALITY

9. HEALTH TECHNOLOGY
ASSESSMENT (HTA)
• Health technology assessment is the systematic
evaluation of properties, effects or other impacts
of health technology.
• The main purpose of HTA is to inform
policymaking for technology in health care,
where policymaking is used in the broad sense to
include decisions made at, e.g., the individual or
patient level, the level of the health care provider
or institution, or at the regional, national and
international levels.

10. BASIC HTA ORIENTATIONS
1. Technology-oriented assessments: -These
are intended to determine the characteristics
or impacts of particular technologies.
For example, a government agency may want to
determine the clinical, economic, social,
professional, or industrial impacts of
population- based cancer screening, cochlear
implants, or other particular interventions.

11. 2. Problem-oriented assessments:- It focuses on
solutions or strategies for managing a particular
problem for which alternative or complementary
technologies might be used.
For example, clinicians and providers concerned with the
problem of diagnosis of dementia may call for the
development of clinical practice guidelines involving
some combination or sequence of clinical history,
neurological examination, and diagnostic imaging using
various modalities.

12. 3. Project-oriented assessments:- It focus on a
local placement or use of a technology in a
particular institution, program, or other
designated project.
For example, this may arise when a hospital must
decide whether or not to purchase a magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) unit, considering the
facilities, personnel, and other resources needed
to install and operate an MRI unit; the hospital's
financial status; local market potential for MRI
services; competitive factors; etc.

13. STEPS OF HTA
• Identify assessment topics
• Specify the assessment problem.
• Determine locus of assessment Retrieve
evidence.
• Collect new primary data (as appropriate)
Appraise/interpr et evidence Integrate/syn
thesize evidence.

14. PURPOSES OF HTA
i. Regulatory agencies such as the Food and
Drug Administration (FDA) about whether to
permit the commercial use of a drug, device or
other technology .
ii. Health care payers, providers, and employers
about whether technologies should be included
in health benefits plans or disease management
programs, addressing coverage and
reimbursement .
iii. Clinicians and patients about the appropriate
use of health care interventions for a particular
patient’s clinical needs and circumstances

15. iv. Health professional associations about the
role of a technology in clinical protocols or
practice guidelines
v. Hospitals, health care networks, group
purchasing organizations, and other health
care organizations about decisions regarding
technology acquisition and management .

16. vi. Standards-setting organizations for health
technology and health care delivery regarding the
manufacture, use, quality of care, and other aspects
of health care technologies.
vii.Government health department officials about
undertaking public health programs (e.g.,
vaccination, screening, and environmental
protection programs.

17. HEALTH TECHNOLOGY
ASSESSMENT PROGRAM (HTAP)
HTA is an innovative program that
determines if health services used by state
government are safe and effective.

18. The Primary Goals Are To Make
Health care safer by relying on scientific evidence
and a committee of practicing clinicians
Coverage decisions of state agencies more
consistent
State purchased health care more cost effective.
Coverage decision process more open and
inclusive by sharing information, holding public
meetings, and publishing decision criteria and
outcomes

19. EXPERTISE FOR CONDUCTING
HTA
Depending upon the topic and scope of assessment,
these may include a selection of the following:
• Physicians, nurses, dentists, and other clinicians
• Managers of hospitals, clinics, nursing homes,
and other health care institutions
• Radiology technicians, laboratory technicians and
other allied health professionals

20. • Biomedical and clinical
engineers
• Pharmacologists
• Patients and patient affairs
representatives
• Epidemiologists
• Biostatisticians
• Economists
• Lawyers
• Social scientists
• Ethicists
• Decision scientists
• Computer
scientists/programms
• Librarians/information
specialists

21. HEALTH TECHNOLOGIES
AND DECISION MAKING
Health technology has the
tremendous potential to change
our understanding of disease,
transform the delivery of health-
care services, and improve health
outcomes. But using such
technology comes at a price.

22. • Decisions about whether to
purchase and use new
technology should be based
on high-quality evidence on
its impact on health care
and health outcomes.
• Health Technologies and
Decision Making analyses
the barriers to, and
facilitators of, evidence-
based decision making in
health-care systems.

23. • Analysis focused on the
production of evidence,
primarily in the form of
health technology
assessment (HTA), and the
way that such evidence is
subsequently used in
decision making.

24. Thank you