Health Workforce Planning, Training and Curriculum DevelopmentPrabesh Ghimire
Declaration: The materials incorporated in this document have come from variety of sources and compiler bears no responsibilities for any information contained herein. The compiler acknowledges all the sources although references have not been explicitly cited for all the contents in this document.
This is the product of compilation from various sources. I would like to acknowledge all direct and indirect sources although they have not been mentioned explicitly within the document.
Introduction
What is definition and law of supply
Factors determine supply for health care services
Factors determine price & quantity of health care
What is the production function for health
Market equilibrium
Investing in the healthcare sector
Cost production in healthcare
Different healthcare system
Models of non-profit agencies
References
HEALTH SECTOR REFORMS- INDIA
Slides contain;
Reforms & Health System
Definition- HSR
Introduction
Financial reforms
Structural re-organization
Communication
Quality Assurance
Convergence
Public Private Partnership
Ways forward for effective HSR
Conclusion and points for Consideration
End
Health Workforce Planning, Training and Curriculum DevelopmentPrabesh Ghimire
Declaration: The materials incorporated in this document have come from variety of sources and compiler bears no responsibilities for any information contained herein. The compiler acknowledges all the sources although references have not been explicitly cited for all the contents in this document.
This is the product of compilation from various sources. I would like to acknowledge all direct and indirect sources although they have not been mentioned explicitly within the document.
Introduction
What is definition and law of supply
Factors determine supply for health care services
Factors determine price & quantity of health care
What is the production function for health
Market equilibrium
Investing in the healthcare sector
Cost production in healthcare
Different healthcare system
Models of non-profit agencies
References
HEALTH SECTOR REFORMS- INDIA
Slides contain;
Reforms & Health System
Definition- HSR
Introduction
Financial reforms
Structural re-organization
Communication
Quality Assurance
Convergence
Public Private Partnership
Ways forward for effective HSR
Conclusion and points for Consideration
End
Healthcare is a major part of every country's development platform. By healthcare we are in fact protecting the most important driver of development. Healthcare systems are primarily safe guarding the development core engine and are the best means of sustainable development.
Here is the slide on Healthcare economic evaluation. The content of this presentation doesn't belong to me. They are copied from several literature and internet
Supply of health and medical care
Definition and Law of Supply.
The health care production function.
Cost production in health care.
Factors determine price and quantity of health care.
Factors affecting Supply.
Investment on healthcare.
Health insurance and supply in healthcare.
Market Equilibrium.
References
Questions
Healthcare is a major part of every country's development platform. By healthcare we are in fact protecting the most important driver of development. Healthcare systems are primarily safe guarding the development core engine and are the best means of sustainable development.
Here is the slide on Healthcare economic evaluation. The content of this presentation doesn't belong to me. They are copied from several literature and internet
Supply of health and medical care
Definition and Law of Supply.
The health care production function.
Cost production in health care.
Factors determine price and quantity of health care.
Factors affecting Supply.
Investment on healthcare.
Health insurance and supply in healthcare.
Market Equilibrium.
References
Questions
CONTENTS
Introduction
NHM
NRHM
Components of NRHM
NUHM
Components of NRHM
Difference between NRHM and NUHM
Future goals
Conclusion
References
INTRO:
National Health Mission
Ministry of health and family welfare
NHM - approved in May 2013
Sub missions – NRHM & NUHM
It aims at improving and correcting the deficiencies in the health care delivery system with a focus on integrating all thee available healthcare facilities like Ayush along with ongoing vertical programme.
Main programmatic components
- RMNCH+A
- control of NCDs & Comm. d/s
NRHM:
Launched in 5th April 2005 for 7 years by GOI
Intended for 2005 - 2012
Recently extended to 2017
Operational in whole country & Special focus on 18 states
Correct the deficiencies of health system
The Mission adopts a synergistic approach by relating health to determinants of good health viz. segments of nutrition, sanitation, hygiene and safe drinking water.
Objective of the mission:
Reduction in child and maternal mortality.
Universal access to public health services.
Prevention and control of communicable and noncommunicable diseases, endemic diseases
Stabilization and demographic balance.
Revitalizeimunisation programme
Access to integrated phc.
Revitalize local local health tradition.(Ayush)
Promotion of healthy life style
COMPONENTS UNDER NRHM:
Comprehensive Primary Health Care (CPHC) through Ayushman Bharat Health and Wellness Centers (HWCs)
National Ambulance Services (NAS)
National Mobile Medical Units (NMMUs)
Free Drugs Service Initiative
Free Diagnostics Service Initiative
Community Participation
a)Accredited Social Health Workers (ASHA)
b)Rogi Kalyan Samiti (Patient Welfare Committee) / Hospital Management Society
c)VHSNCs
Mera Aspataal
Kayakalp
SUMAN (Surakshit Matritva Aashwasan)
Mission Indradhanush
TB Harega Desh Jeetega Campaign
Eat Right India Movement, with ‘Sahi Bhojan Behtar Jeevan’
AYUSHMAN BHARATH HWCS:
Ayushman Bharath is an attempt to move from a selectiv approach to health care to deliver range of services like preventive,promotive,curative,rehabilitative,and palliative care
It has 2 components
1) Health and wellness centre(HWCs) 1,50,000
2)Pradhan mantri jan Arogya yojan (PM-JAY)
Health insurance cover 5 lakh / year – 10 crore poor ppl
The first Health and Wellness Centre was inaugurated by Hon’ble Prime Minister on 14th April 2018 in Bijapur district of Chhattisgarh.
So far, 51,484 HWC are formed
Objectives:
upgrading the Sub Health Centers (SHCs) and Primary Health Centers (PHCs) in rural and urban area
provide Comprehensive Primary Health Care
common NCDs such as Hypertension, Diabetes and 3 common cancers of Oral, Breast and Cervix.
primary healthcare services for Mental health, ENT, Ophthalmology, Oral health, Geriatric and Palliative health care and Trauma care as well as Health promotion and wellness activities like Yoga.
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2. Objective
By the end of this presentation students
should be able to :
• describe the health care delivery
system in Malawi
• Understand the priority disease
conditions in Malawi
2
3. ORGANISATION OF
HEALTH SERVICES
• Malawi govt remains the largest
provider of health care services
• Curative and Preventive services
- 60% of facilities are operated by MOH
– 25% are run by mission organisations
CHAM
– Remaining are mostly small dispensaries
and clinics run by private practitioners
and NGO’s
3
4. 4
Cont..
• Are currently being provided at 5 levels within
the context of primary health care (PHC) and
essential health package (EHP)
• These services are comprehensive as well as
integrated
5. 5
cont..
• Services are provided at:
– Community level
– Health center and rural / community
level
– District Hospital level
– Central Hospital level
– Special Hospitals
6. 6
ORGANISATION CHART FOR
MINISTRY OF HEALTH HQRS
MINISTER
DEPUTY MINISTER
SECRETARY
FOR
HEALTH
Head of
Technical
Services
Head of
Administrative
Support Services
Reproductive
Health
Clinical
Health
Services
Preventive
Health
Services
Nursing
services
Health
Technical
Support
Services
Planning
Dept
General
Administrator
CHSU
Central
Medical
Quality
Assurance
Community
Health
Education
7. 7
Community Level
• This is the home where we find the
individual family and community with the
same geographical area served by one
health center
• There is direct delivery of comprehensive
health care
• Consists of mainly outreach activities
conducted through mobile clinics or health
post
8. 8
Community Level cont..
• Stress on activities and interventions
associated with U/5 care, home-
based care
9. 9
Health Center level
• Offer similar services to the
community level
• Consists of health centers or rural
hospitals which offer outpatient and
inpatient services with
comprehensive health care services
e.g.
10. 10
Health Center level cont..
– Health education
– Immunizations
– Pre-natal, antenatal and post natal
– Family planning
– Treatment of minor illnesses
– Growth monitoring
– IMCI
– Referral of complicated cases to district
hospitals
– Dispensary for drugs
– Nutrition services for undernourished children
11. 11
District level
• AKA secondary level
• Serve as referral centers for health
centers (provides secondary care)
• Offer outpatient and inpatient
services
• Have additional services; theatre,
pharmacy, x-ray, laboratory
12. 12
ORGANISATION CHART
FOR DISTRICT HOSPITAL
DISTRICT HEALTH OFFICER
DEHO ACCOUNTANT ADMINISTRATOR DNO
NURSING OFFICER
CLINICAL
SUPERINTENDANT
NURSING SISTER
ENROLLED
NURSE/MIDWIFE
NURSE/MIDWIFE
TECHNICIAN
13. 13
Central level
• This is where patients referred from
district hospitals receive specialised
health care.
• Some services are similar to district
hospital services
• Serve as training institutions
• 4 central hospitals
14. 14
ORGANISATION CHART
FOR CENTRAL HOSPITAL
HOSPITAL DIRECTOR
CHIEF HEALTH SERVICES
ADMINISTRATOR
CHIEF NURSING OFFICER PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT
HOSPITAL ADMINISTRATOR
PRINCIPAL NURSING
OFFICER
SENIOR NURSING OFFICER
NURSING OFFICER
NURSE/MIDWIFE
TECHNICIAN
ENROLLED
NURSE/MIDWIFE
16. 16
THE HEALTH CARE TEAM
• A health care team is a group of
individuals trained in different areas
of health and are responsible for
delivering the PHC or EHP, who work
in collaboration to promote, retore
and maintain health
• Composition of the team may differ
depending on the level of health
service delivery
17. ADVANTAGES OF
HEALTH CARE TEAM
• Better joint decisions through
considerations of a wider range of
ideas and suggestions in problem
solving
• Unity and support
• Continuity of care
17
18. 18
THE HEALTH CARE
TEAM cont..
Community level
• Composed of:
– HSA
– Community based distribution agent
– Growth monitoring volunteer
– Village Health committee members
19. 19
Health Center level
• Composed of:
– NMT, EN, CHN
– MA
– HSA
– Ward attendant
– Health Center advisory committee members
– Ground labourer
– Watchman
Hospital level
• Composed of:
20. 20
– Medical doctor
– Clinical officer
– RNM
– EN, NMT
– MA
– Environmental Health Officer
– IEC Officer
– Radiography tech
– Pharmacy/Laboratory tech
– Administrative personnel
– PA, nursing auxiliary
– HA
– Grounds labourer
– Hospital Advisory Committee
21. NATIONAL HEALTH
PLAN/PROGRAM OF WORK
• The formulation of the first National
Health Plan was in 1964 and
subsequent plans in 1973 and 1986
with an aim of improving health
standards.
21
22. • the fourth National health plan of
May 1999 was produced to guide the
operations of the health sector from
1999 to 2004 with the aim of
refocusing the way health services
were delivered
23. • It laid out the elements of a sound
health care delivery system, one that
is capable of promoting health,
preventing disease, protecting life
and fostering well being.
24. • Prior to 2004, activities of the
health sector were guided by a ten
year plan known as the National
Health Plan/Policy
• The Latest National Health Plan
2011–2016.
• The National Health Plan; plans all
activities to be done in a period of 5
years
28. PURPOSE OF THE HEALTH
PLAN
• 1- To guide the allocation of all national
resources, physical, financial and
human, in the pursuit and achievement
of equitable access to quality of health
care services.
• 2. To develop and articulate national
health and health- related policies
which will guide the health development
of the nation over the next five years.
29. • 3. To develop a coordinated and
comprehensive approach to the
identification and resolution of major
health problems and identify
priorities for the coming 5 years.
