The document provides an overview of the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) and its components in India. Some key points:
- NRHM was launched in 2005 to address deficiencies in rural healthcare and aims to provide accessible, affordable healthcare across the country.
- Its main components include expanding primary healthcare centers, establishing ambulance services, mobile medical units, and initiatives for free drugs and diagnostics.
- It works to reduce maternal and child mortality and improve access to services through community health workers like ASHAs and various committees.
This ppt gives you the details about the NRHM scheme. The SWOT analysis has been done which helps you to know the strength and weakness part of the NRHM program.
BY: Dr.Pavithra R (M.H.A)
The National Health Mission (NHM) encompasses
its two Sub-Missions, the National Rural Health
Mission (NRHM) and the National Urban Health
Mission (NUHM). The main programmatic
components include Health system strengthening
in rural and urban areas, ReproductiveMaternal-Neonatal-Child and Adolescent Health
(RMNCH+A) and Communicable and NonCommunicable Diseases. The NHM envisages
achievement of universal access to equitable,
affordable & quality healthcare services that are
accountable and responsive to people’s needs.
Integrated Disease Surveillance Project (IDSP) was launched by Hon’ble Union Minister of Health & Family Welfare in November 2004 for a period upto March 2010. The project was restructured and extended up to March 2012. The project continues in the 12th Plan with domestic budget as Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme under NHM for all States with Budgetary allocation of 640 Cr.
A Central Surveillance Unit (CSU) at Delhi, State Surveillance Units (SSU) at all State/UT head quarters and District Surveillance Units (DSU) at all Districts in the country have been established.
Objectives:
To strengthen/maintain decentralized laboratory based IT enabled disease surveillance system for epidemic prone diseases to monitor disease trends and to detect and respond to outbreaks in early rising phase through trained Rapid Response Team (RRTs)
Programme Components:
Integration and decentralization of surveillance activities through establishment of surveillance units at Centre, State and District level.
Human Resource Development – Training of State Surveillance Officers, District Surveillance Officers, Rapid Response Team and other Medical and Paramedical staff on principles of disease surveillance.
Use of Information Communication Technology for collection, collation, compilation, analysis and dissemination of data.
Strengthening of public health laboratories.
This ppt gives you the details about the NRHM scheme. The SWOT analysis has been done which helps you to know the strength and weakness part of the NRHM program.
BY: Dr.Pavithra R (M.H.A)
The National Health Mission (NHM) encompasses
its two Sub-Missions, the National Rural Health
Mission (NRHM) and the National Urban Health
Mission (NUHM). The main programmatic
components include Health system strengthening
in rural and urban areas, ReproductiveMaternal-Neonatal-Child and Adolescent Health
(RMNCH+A) and Communicable and NonCommunicable Diseases. The NHM envisages
achievement of universal access to equitable,
affordable & quality healthcare services that are
accountable and responsive to people’s needs.
Integrated Disease Surveillance Project (IDSP) was launched by Hon’ble Union Minister of Health & Family Welfare in November 2004 for a period upto March 2010. The project was restructured and extended up to March 2012. The project continues in the 12th Plan with domestic budget as Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme under NHM for all States with Budgetary allocation of 640 Cr.
A Central Surveillance Unit (CSU) at Delhi, State Surveillance Units (SSU) at all State/UT head quarters and District Surveillance Units (DSU) at all Districts in the country have been established.
Objectives:
To strengthen/maintain decentralized laboratory based IT enabled disease surveillance system for epidemic prone diseases to monitor disease trends and to detect and respond to outbreaks in early rising phase through trained Rapid Response Team (RRTs)
Programme Components:
Integration and decentralization of surveillance activities through establishment of surveillance units at Centre, State and District level.
Human Resource Development – Training of State Surveillance Officers, District Surveillance Officers, Rapid Response Team and other Medical and Paramedical staff on principles of disease surveillance.
Use of Information Communication Technology for collection, collation, compilation, analysis and dissemination of data.
Strengthening of public health laboratories.
Minimum Need's Programme, Presented By Mohammed Haroon Rashid Haroon Rashid
Subject - Community Health Nursing II, Topic - Minimum Need's Programme, Presented By Mohammed Haroon Rashid, Basic B.Sc Nursing 4th year in Florence College Of Nursing
This ppt contains all the information about Revised NationalTuberculosis Control programme (RNTCP) It is useful for students of the medical field learning Preventive and social medicine, Swasthavritta (Ayurved) and everyone who is interested in in knowing about it.
This PPT has all the necessary information about 'National Rural Health Mission'. It is useful for students of Medical field learning 'Preventive & Social Medicine' as well as anyone who is interested in knowing about it.
Copyright Disclaimer - Use of these PowerPoint Presentation for any commercial purpose is strictly prohibited. The presentations uploaded on this profile are protected under Copyright Act,1957.
Launched as recommended by the national health policy 2017
To achieve the vision of universal health coverage (UHC).
This initiative has been designed to meet Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and its underlining commitment, which is to "leave no one behind.“
National Leprosy Eradication Programme (NLEP)Kavya .
Chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae.
It usually affects the skin and peripheral nerves
Long incubation period generally 5-7 years.
Classified as paucibacillary or multibacillary
permanent disability
Timely diagnosis and treatment of cases
This ppt contains all the information about National Leprosy Eradication programme (NLEP). It is useful for students of the medical field learning Preventive and social medicine, Swasthavritta (Ayurved) and everyone who is interested in in knowing about it
Minimum Need's Programme, Presented By Mohammed Haroon Rashid Haroon Rashid
Subject - Community Health Nursing II, Topic - Minimum Need's Programme, Presented By Mohammed Haroon Rashid, Basic B.Sc Nursing 4th year in Florence College Of Nursing
This ppt contains all the information about Revised NationalTuberculosis Control programme (RNTCP) It is useful for students of the medical field learning Preventive and social medicine, Swasthavritta (Ayurved) and everyone who is interested in in knowing about it.
This PPT has all the necessary information about 'National Rural Health Mission'. It is useful for students of Medical field learning 'Preventive & Social Medicine' as well as anyone who is interested in knowing about it.
Copyright Disclaimer - Use of these PowerPoint Presentation for any commercial purpose is strictly prohibited. The presentations uploaded on this profile are protected under Copyright Act,1957.
Launched as recommended by the national health policy 2017
To achieve the vision of universal health coverage (UHC).
This initiative has been designed to meet Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and its underlining commitment, which is to "leave no one behind.“
National Leprosy Eradication Programme (NLEP)Kavya .
Chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae.
It usually affects the skin and peripheral nerves
Long incubation period generally 5-7 years.
Classified as paucibacillary or multibacillary
permanent disability
Timely diagnosis and treatment of cases
This ppt contains all the information about National Leprosy Eradication programme (NLEP). It is useful for students of the medical field learning Preventive and social medicine, Swasthavritta (Ayurved) and everyone who is interested in in knowing about it
Aarohi started basic clinical services in 1992 to meet the desperate need of people in a remote village in Nainital District in Uttarakhand. The small clinic today is a modern hospital (Arogya Aarohi Kendra) with outpatient, inpatient, pathological laboratory, advanced diagnostic services like radiology, X – ray, E.C.G, dental and surgical care services. The clinic continues to respond to medical emergencies and to provide appropriate referral services.
Our Community Health program has focused on bringing down maternal and child morbidity and mortality in regions with poor access to health care. The Mobile Medical Unit (MMU) provides primary health care services for common diseases including communicable & non communicable, Reproductive and Child Health services, carryout screening activities and provide referral linkage to higher facilities.
Overview of Health Programs at Provincial LevelNiru Magar
Nepal adopted a federal system of governance in its constitution on September 20, 2015 and thus, transformed its unitary system of governance into a three-tier governance structure comprising of a federal, 7 provincial and 753 local governments.
Following this transformation, provincial governments have authorized power to exercise their exclusive and concurrent powers of making laws, policies, plans, and programs that fall under their respective jurisdictions while also making public their finances and budgeting.
1. Family Health Program
2. Epidemiology and Disease Control Program
Management Program
3. Curative Service Program
4. Nursing and Social Security Program
5. Management Program
6. National Tuberculosis ControlProgram
8. National AIDS and STI ControlProgram
7. National Health Training Program
9. National Health Education, Information and Communication Program
This slide tells about the overview of health programs at provincial level in Nepal.
health campaigns of ayush .
The ministry of health, Government of India, central health council launch programs aimed at controlling or eradicating diseases which cause considerable morbidity and mortality in India.
Health campaign is a type of media campaign which attempts to promote public health by making new health interventions available
National health mission was launched nation wide on 12th April 2005 under the department of health and family welfare.
It aims at improving and correcting the deficiencies in the health care delivery system with a focus on integrating all the available healthcare facilities like ayush along with ongoing vertical programmes.Mainstreaming of Ayush
- co location services with allopathy
- appointment of Ayush doctors
Integrity of Ayush medicine.
- include Ayush medicine in Asha kit. Ex: punarnav mandoora
- supply of Ayush medicines at subcentres, phc/chc.
Need for educational research.
- drug standardization research
Public awareness
speciality clinics and therapy centres
Ayush camps.
Ayush doctor at PHC
- 2 doctor phc- 1 Ayush ,1 Allopathy
1. The AYUSH medicines are being distributed to the public in the Primary Health Center / Community Health Center / Taluk Public Hospital / District Public Hospital / Panchkarma Unit.
2. To raise awareness among the general public on the use of radio broadcasting and bus branding under the Education and Communication Program.
3. Conducting training programs for AYUSH doctors
Ayush programmes in diffrernt states.
Ayurved Gram – Chattisgarh and gujarath.
• School yoga, AYUSH School health –Orissa, Punjab.
• Dadi Maa ki Batua – Jammu & Kashmir
• Gyan ki Potli, AYUSH Call centre – Madhyapradesh
• AYUSH Call center, Suposhanam – Tripura
• AYUSH Epidemic cell – Tamilnadu, Kerala
• The IPHS prescribes setting up of a herbal garden in sub centre and PHC premise within the available space.
Jharkhand,Himachalpradesh, J&K and Orissa mentioned about utilization of AYUSH doctors in mobile medical unit.
Tamilnadu and Keral are using AYUSH services for the prevention and control of epidemics e.g. use of Homoeopathy for controlling Chikungunya outbreak.
RAECH (Rapid action epidemic cell of Homoeopathy) is a major AYUSH initiative highlighted in Kerala PIP (NRHM, 2008; NRHM, 2009 and NRHM, 2010)
AYUSH CAMPAIGNS
Specialty Clinics/Wards- Ksharasutra clinics for ano-rectal disorders and Panchakarma therapy for intensive and specialized treatment have been mentioned by half of the states in their PIP
(NRHM, 2008; NRHM, 2009 and NRHM, 2010).
Geriatric campaign
Antianemia campaign
Ksharasutra campaign.
Ayush nutrition programme
Ayush for immunity campaign
Poshan abhiyan
Fit india campgaign
International yoga campaign
Ayush school programme
Svasthya rakshan
This presentation deals with advent of NRHM, backdrop of public health scenario prior to NRHM & discusses in details vision & core strategy of NRHM. It focuses on different schemes related to maternal & child health under NRHM with special reference to Maharashtra.
INTRODUCTION
The concept of “Primary Health Care” came into existence, following a joint WHO-UNICEF International Conference at Alma-Ata, USSR on 12th September 1978.
The governments of 134 Countries and many voluntary agencies at Alma-Ata Conference called for acceptance of WHO goal of “Health for All by 2000 AD” and proclaimed Primary Health Care as a way to achieving Health for All.
This approach has been described as “Health by the people” and “placing people’s health in people’s hand”.
Primary Health Care is the first level of contact of individuals, the family and community with the national health system, where essential health care is provided.
At this level that health care will be most effective within the context of the area’s need and limitations.
DEFINITION
• Primary Health Care is defined as,
“Essential health care based on practical, scientifically, sound and socially acceptable methods and technology made universally accessible to individuals and families in the community through their full participation and at a cost that community and the country can afford to maintain at every stage of their development in the spirit of self-determination.”
• The Alma-Ata Conference defined Primary Health Care as follows: -
“Primary health care is essential health care made universally accessible to individuals and acceptable to them, through their full participation and at a cost the community and country can afford.”
CHARACTERISTICS OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
• It is essential health care, which is based on practical, scientifically sound and socially acceptable methods and technology.
• It should be rendered universally acceptable to individuals and the families in the community through their full participations.
• Its availability should be at a cost, which the community and country can afford to maintain at every stage of their development in a spirit of self-reliance and self-development.
• It requires joint efforts of the health sector and other health related sector like education, food and agriculture, social welfare, animal husbandry, housing, etc.
ELEMENTS OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
The Alma-Ata Declaration has outlined 8 essential components of Primary health care,
1. Education concerning prevailing health problems and the methods of preventing and controlling them.
2. Promotion of food supply and proper nutrition.
3. An adequate supply of safe water and basic sanitation.
4. Maternal and child health care, including family planning.
5. Immunization against major infectious diseases.
6. Prevention and control of locally endemic diseases.
7. Appropriate treatment of common diseases and injuries.
8. Provision of essential drugs.
PRINCIPLES OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
1) Equitable distribution: -
Health service must be shared equally by all people irrespective to their ability to pay.
Primary health care aims to redress ‘Social injustice’ by shifting the centre of gravity of health care system from c
It is the small topic from the 3rd unit of Bsc nursing, delivery of community health nursing , in which u will come to know about organization, staffing and functions of rural health services provided by Govt.
VAYAH VARGEEKARANA
AGE CLASIFICATION OF CHILDHOOD
IT IS AN IMPORTANT POINT TO BE DISCUSSED IN AYURVEDA
BECOS THE DOSHA PREDOMINANCE CHANGES BASED ON AGE
AND AS WELL AS STRENGTH
THE WHOLE PPT DEALS WITH HOW THE DIFFERENT ACHARYAS CLASSIFEIED AGE IN AYURVEDA
AND IMPORTANCE OF ITS CLASSIFICATION
APPLIED ASPECTS OF AGE
KB Series
Kaumarabhritya Introduction
Kaumarabhritya is one among 8 branches.
Kayabalagraha urdhvanga shalya damshtra jara vrushaihi gatamashtangam gatam punyam bubudeyam pitamahaha||
In Rigveda and atahrvaveda , several references pertaining to branch of kaumarabhritya are met.
Simili / saying in ayurveda : ref : vajikarana
a person without progeny …………………..healthy progeny .
Paribhasha :
Vyutpatti :
kaumara + bhritya
ku + mara = prone to succumbs to even simpler looking diseases.
Bhritya : bhrin bharane dhathu [ suraksha , graham , vahana, dharana ]
Nirukti
kumarasya bharanamadhikrutya krutam kumarabhrityam || cha su 30/28
Dedicated to child health care
Pedaitrics :
It is the branch of modern medicine which deals with the health of infants , children, and adolescents and their growth and development , indirectly insuring their transformation into healthiest possible adulthood within their inherent genetic potential.
Definations of Kaumarabhritya
A/c to sushrutha :
kaumarabhrityam nama kumarabharana dhatri ksheeradosha samshodhanartham dushta stanya graha samuttanascha vyadheenam upashamanartham cha [ sus su 1/7]
Kumara bharana
Ksheera dosha shodhanakriya of dhatri/ mother
Tretament of dushta stanya disorders
Treatmentn of graha vyadhis
A/c to Hareeta :
garbhopakramavignanam sutikopakramasthatha balanam rogashamani kriya bala
chikitsitam|| [ H / S ½]
Proper ANC
PROPER PNC
Pediatrics: pedia + iatrike
It is the study of child from very conception through childhood,upto adolescence .
I,mportance of kaumarabritya
Kaumarabhrityamashtanam tantranaamadhyamuchyate
ayurvedasya mahato devanamiva havyapaha||
Anena hi samvarditamitare chikitsante | balasya hrudyamoushadhamanyate, pramanamanyam upakramo anye cha visheshaha||[ k s vi 2/10]
Agni [ supreme]
Aadyam [ first]
Hrudyam [ palatable]
Pramanam[ dose less]
Upakrama [ special/dfferent]
POST COVID MANAGEMENT –an ayurvedic approach by Dr soumya Patil.pptxDr Soumya Patil
POST COVID MANAGEMENT AN AYURVEDIC APPROACH
A COMPREHENSIVE INITIATIVE TO UNDERSYTAND THE PATHOLOGY OF COVID AND TRY TO BREAK ITS PATJHOLOGY THROUGH AYURVED AAND GOIVE SYMPTOMATIC RELIEF AS WELL AS HELP PPL IN REGAINING THE IMMUNITY AND STOPPING THE RECURRENCE OF COVID .
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:
To Understand The Post COVID Symptoms And Their Management Through Ayurvedic Treatment Modalities.
INTRODUCTION:
COVID- 19, the recent virus outbreak declared as Pandemic by WHO threatened the world by its fast spreading nature and is yet creating an alarmed situation throughout the world by Post Covid Symptoms
A recent study on Post-COVID manifestation of symptoms showed that about 72 percent of participants had major complaints, only 10.8 percent of survivors assessed in the study had no symptoms or manifestations post COVID.
Depending on the Immunity of a person, COVID-19 can differ in its impact on different people.
Similarly, Post-COVID conditions, which has become a grave issue in recent times, have also taken a major toll on people's lives.
Post covid manifestations can be understood as Agnimandya avasta and Dhatukshaya avastha in individual .
Hence modalities like Agnivardhaka and Rasayana property medication can be choosen .
Rasayana therapy is the one which brings the normalcy in Immune system by improving fundamentals like dhatu, agni, srotas. And ultimately fights against Post Covid Symptoms.
DEFINATION OF POST COVID
A/C to NICE :
"Signs and symptoms that develop during or after an infection consistent with COVID‑19, continue for more than 12 weeks and are not explained by an alternative diagnosis. It usually presents with clusters of symptoms, often overlapping, which can fluctuate and change over time.
CONCLUSION:
Much about the aftermath of the illness remains unclear or unknown, and there is even uncertainty about the term "recover" in the coronavirus context
According to Ayurveda concepts, there will be Dhatu-Kshaya & AgnimandyaAvastha Post COVID infection.
Hence, Dhatuposhana and Rasayana sevana drugs for at-least 45 days and to combat the residual effects of the virus on the body and to combat toxicity produced from antiviral drug therapy.
Deepana Pachana drugs may be used in case of abdominal discomfort .
Depending upon individuals Agni status and availability of medicine following drugs may be prescribed.
Ayurveda has enormous potential and treatment options which are available for enhancing the immunity and systemic illness and positively influence mental health , thus helpful in combating Post covid symptoms .
Hence Ayurveda should be used as main treatment modality for Heath restoration and Prevention of recurrence, rather than a adjuvant therapy in treating post COVID symptoms .
Trividha chikitsa in manasa roga by Dr soumya patil.pptxDr Soumya Patil
TRIVIDHA CHIKITSA IN MANASA ROGA
A/ c WHO
Health is is defined as state of complete physical mental and social well-being and not merely an absence of disease or infirmity.
Ayurveda emphasizes its treatment in three aspects such as daivavyapashraya , yuktivyapashraya and satvavajaya
Ayush hospital standards (Clinical Establishment Act Standards for Hospital)
Intro:
The Clinical Establishments (Registration and Regulation) Act, 2010 has been enacted
by the Central Government to provide for registration and regulation of all clinical establishments in the country with a view to prescribe the minimum standards of facilities and services provided by them.
Personal health services –
Personal health services are the services provided by the hospitals, health centers, clinics. The care provided has been traditionally classified into –
1. Promotion of health
2. Prevention of disease
3. Early diagnosis & treatment
4. Rehabilitation
Requirements of 10 bedded hospital
Physical infrastructure –
Space requirement –
OPD – 100 Sq. ft
IPD – 500 Sq. ft
Human resource –
Doctor – 1
Pharmacist/nurse - 1
Attendant – 1
Multipurpose worker – 1
Equipments required –
OPD
Stethoscope – 1
B.P. apparatus – 1
Torch – 1
Thermometer – 1
Tongue depressor – 1
Weighing machine – 1
X – Ray view box – 1
Hammer – 1
General specifications for opd :
The basic infrastructure for an outpatient department for an Ayurvedic Hospital must have following sections –
1. Reception & waiting hall
2. Registration counter
3. OPD medical record room
4. Clinics / consultation room
5. Dressing room (mandatory for hospitals more than 50 beds)
6. Procedure room (mandatory for hospitals more than 50 beds)
7. Minor OT (optional but mandatory for hospitals more than 100 beds)
8. Dispensary (mandatory for hospitals more than 50 beds)
RECEPTION & WAITING AREA –
The space requirement for the reception & waiting area depends upon the hospital size. It is small for clinic with proper sitting arrangement of patients and attendants. It must be 50 Sq. ft. for every 10 beds.
For hospitals having more than 50 beds it must be situated at prominent place of entrance, good communicable. There must be a guide map for various OPD units along with the service unit display.
Waiting area:
Situated at main entrance at reception.
Subsidiary waiting area for the patients at each clinic, diagnostic & therapy rooms for hospitals having more than 5 OPDs.
Waiting area should be tiled floor with comfortable benches & chairs.
Waiting area can be used for health education.
Adequate toilet facilities as per the load of the patients.
Public telephone
Procedure Room - This is required in the hospitals having more than 100 bed strength where agnikarma, kshara karma like procedures can be performed for the OPD patients. However this requirement is applicable for those hospitals who entertains such OPD patients in good numbers. The area depends upon the numbers of procedures.
Minor OT – A minor OT is needed for the hospitals more than 50 beds and 400 – 500 outpatient where many minor OPD surgical procedures as well as Kshara sutra application can be performed. The minimum area required for the minor OT is 100 sq.ft.
Others – The hospitals having more than 100 b
HOSPITAL_MANAGEMENT_STRATEGIES by Dr soumya Patil.pptxDr Soumya Patil
contents
Introduction
Strategic initiatives for Hospitals
Infrastructure of Hospital
Health Information technology
HIT functional units
Benefits of HIT
Essential manpower
Medical equipments for Hospitals
Patient Care
Introduction:
From its gradual evolution through the 18th &n19th centuries the hospital has come of age only recently during the past 50 years
A hospital is an integral part of a social and medical organization, the function of which to provide for the complete health care, both curative and preventive and whose outpatient services reach out to the family and its home environment; the hospital is also a center for training of health workers and biosocial research.
Hospital management is the field relating to leadership, management and administration of public health systems, health care systems, Hospitals and hospital networks in all the primary, secondary and tertiary sectors.
The Clinical Establishments (Registration and Regulation) Act, 2010 has been enacted
by the Central Government to provide for registration and regulation of all clinical establishments in the country with a view to prescribe the minimum standards of facilities and services provided by them.
The minimum standards for Allopathic hospitals Under Clinical Establishment Act, 2010 are developed on the basis of level of care provided, as defined below
General Medical services with indoor admission facility provided by recognised allopathic medical graduate(s) and may also include general dentistry services provided by recognized BDS graduates.
Example: PHC, Government and Private Hospitals and Nursing Homes run by MBBS Doctors etc.
Aims and activities :
Improve the patient experience.
Measure and report quality performance.
Adopt to new payment models.
Address the possible impact of health insurance exchanges.
Work on an approach to population health management.
Focus on clinical integration
Explore new physician alignment strategies.
Respond to an aging population.
some of the strategic issues that must be considered are –
• Regionalization
• Pre- planning consideration
• Need assessment
• Plot ratio
• Design for flexibility and expandability
• Fulfill the demand functions
• Emphasize on patient focused hospital
• Focus on energy conservation
Intelligent buildings
• Create a healing architecture
• Aesthetic – an essential requisite
• Hospital architecture
• Go green
Protection from unwanted and unnecessary disturbances in
order to help speedy recovery
Separation of dissimilar activities
Control – the nurses station should be positioned strategically
to enable proper monitoring of visitors entering and leaving
the ward, infants and children should be protected from theft
and infection etc.
Circulation- all the departments of a hospital must be
properly integrated.
(“separate all departments, yet keep them all together;
separate types of traffic, yet save steps for everybody; that is
all there is to hospital planning “– Emerson Goble)
IT App
Skin = integument
Skin+ accessory organs = integumentary system.
The integumentary system comprises the skin and its appendages acting to protect the body from various kinds of damage, such as loss of water or damages from outside.
It includes hair, glands and nails.
It has a variety of additional functions; it may serve to waterproof, and protect the deeper tissues, excrete wastes, and regulate body temperature, and is the attachment site for sensory receptors to detect pain, sensation, pressure, and temperature,vitamin D synthesis.
skin and its layuer
Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis ( subcutaneous layer)
Epidermis
Most superficial layer of the skin
Approx 10 to 30 cells thick ( epithelial)
Cell types
Keratinocytes -90%
Melanocytes
Merkel cells 10%
Langerhens
stratum basale
Stratum germinativum
Deepest epidermal layer
Attaches to basal lamina
Cells bond to dermis via collagen fibres
Finger like projection called dermal papillae in dermis
Helps in stronger connection
Cells- cuboidal shaped keratinocytes
Grows constantly ,mitosis
Pushed up old cells
Applied aspects
Cells – merkel cell – function as receptor- stimulating sensory nerve fibres
Found in hairless skin.
Abundant on surface of hand and feet.
Melanocytes- produces pigment melanin
- gives hair and skin its color
-protect from u rays
Note: skin color influenced by ,melanin and carotene – carrot, oxygenated haemoglobin
Fingerprints-epidermal ridges
Stratum spinosum
Spiny in appearance
Desmosomsis protruding cell
Interlock between cells
Composed of 8to 10 layers of keratinocytes
Applied aspects
Langerhans cell –as a macrophage by engulfing bacteria and foreign body and damaged cell.
Keratinocytes synthesise keratin and prevent water loss
Stratum granulosam
Has a grainy appearance
Cells become flattened,and cell membrane thicken, and generate large amount of protein keratin and keratohyalin
After cell dies , keratin ,keratohyalin and cell membrane forms stratum lucidum
And accessory structures of hair and nail
Stratum lucidum
Smooth translucent layer
It is found only in thick skin of palms ,soles,digits
Cells are densely packed with eleidin , a clear protein rich in lipids,
Transparent appearance
Stratum corneam
Most superficial layer of epidermis
The increased keratinization of cell
It has 15 to 30 layers of cells
Water is lost from skin in 2 ways
Insensible perspiration
water diffuses from stratum corneum and evaporates from skin
-500 ml per day
Sensible perspiration
Water excreted by sweat glands.
clinical application
Some medications are toxic if swallowed, but safe if used topically (applied to surface of skin)
• Certain topical antibiotics are fairly toxic if taken by mouth, butcan be applied to skin with minimal risk of systemic absorption;they are polar molecules that cannot pass through epidermis toreach blood vessels in dermis; allows for local effect only
• Nonpolar substances cross epidermis much more easily;provides a c
Telehealth Psychology Building Trust with Clients.pptxThe Harvest Clinic
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QA Paediatric dentistry department, Hospital Melaka 2020Azreen Aj
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Growing Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases
The rising incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer is a major trend driving the clinical trials market in India. These conditions necessitate the development and testing of new treatment methods, creating a robust demand for clinical trials. The increasing burden of these diseases highlights the need for innovative therapies and underscores the importance of India as a key player in global clinical research.
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair A New Horizon in Nephrology.pptxR3 Stem Cell
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Navigating the Health Insurance Market_ Understanding Trends and Options.pdfEnterprise Wired
From navigating policy options to staying informed about industry trends, this comprehensive guide explores everything you need to know about the health insurance market.
One of the most developed cities of India, the city of Chennai is the capital of Tamilnadu and many people from different parts of India come here to earn their bread and butter. Being a metropolitan, the city is filled with towering building and beaches but the sad part as with almost every Indian city
CRISPR-Cas9, a revolutionary gene-editing tool, holds immense potential to reshape medicine, agriculture, and our understanding of life. But like any powerful tool, it comes with ethical considerations.
Unveiling CRISPR: This naturally occurring bacterial defense system (crRNA & Cas9 protein) fights viruses. Scientists repurposed it for precise gene editing (correction, deletion, insertion) by targeting specific DNA sequences.
The Promise: CRISPR offers exciting possibilities:
Gene Therapy: Correcting genetic diseases like cystic fibrosis.
Agriculture: Engineering crops resistant to pests and harsh environments.
Research: Studying gene function to unlock new knowledge.
The Peril: Ethical concerns demand attention:
Off-target Effects: Unintended DNA edits can have unforeseen consequences.
Eugenics: Misusing CRISPR for designer babies raises social and ethical questions.
Equity: High costs could limit access to this potentially life-saving technology.
The Path Forward: Responsible development is crucial:
International Collaboration: Clear guidelines are needed for research and human trials.
Public Education: Open discussions ensure informed decisions about CRISPR.
Prioritize Safety and Ethics: Safety and ethical principles must be paramount.
CRISPR offers a powerful tool for a better future, but responsible development and addressing ethical concerns are essential. By prioritizing safety, fostering open dialogue, and ensuring equitable access, we can harness CRISPR's power for the benefit of all. (2998 characters)
Medical Technology Tackles New Health Care Demand - Research Report - March 2...pchutichetpong
M Capital Group (“MCG”) predicts that with, against, despite, and even without the global pandemic, the medical technology (MedTech) industry shows signs of continuous healthy growth, driven by smaller, faster, and cheaper devices, growing demand for home-based applications, technological innovation, strategic acquisitions, investments, and SPAC listings. MCG predicts that this should reflects itself in annual growth of over 6%, well beyond 2028.
According to Chris Mouchabhani, Managing Partner at M Capital Group, “Despite all economic scenarios that one may consider, beyond overall economic shocks, medical technology should remain one of the most promising and robust sectors over the short to medium term and well beyond 2028.”
There is a movement towards home-based care for the elderly, next generation scanning and MRI devices, wearable technology, artificial intelligence incorporation, and online connectivity. Experts also see a focus on predictive, preventive, personalized, participatory, and precision medicine, with rising levels of integration of home care and technological innovation.
The average cost of treatment has been rising across the board, creating additional financial burdens to governments, healthcare providers and insurance companies. According to MCG, cost-per-inpatient-stay in the United States alone rose on average annually by over 13% between 2014 to 2021, leading MedTech to focus research efforts on optimized medical equipment at lower price points, whilst emphasizing portability and ease of use. Namely, 46% of the 1,008 medical technology companies in the 2021 MedTech Innovator (“MTI”) database are focusing on prevention, wellness, detection, or diagnosis, signaling a clear push for preventive care to also tackle costs.
In addition, there has also been a lasting impact on consumer and medical demand for home care, supported by the pandemic. Lockdowns, closure of care facilities, and healthcare systems subjected to capacity pressure, accelerated demand away from traditional inpatient care. Now, outpatient care solutions are driving industry production, with nearly 70% of recent diagnostics start-up companies producing products in areas such as ambulatory clinics, at-home care, and self-administered diagnostics.
Antibiotic Stewardship by Anushri Srivastava.pptxAnushriSrivastav
Stewardship is the act of taking good care of something.
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) in 2015 to fill knowledge gaps and inform strategies at all levels.
ACCORDING TO apic.org,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
ACCORDING TO pewtrusts.org,
Antibiotic stewardship refers to efforts in doctors’ offices, hospitals, long term care facilities, and other health care settings to ensure that antibiotics are used only when necessary and appropriate
According to WHO,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a systematic approach to educate and support health care professionals to follow evidence-based guidelines for prescribing and administering antimicrobials
In 1996, John McGowan and Dale Gerding first applied the term antimicrobial stewardship, where they suggested a causal association between antimicrobial agent use and resistance. They also focused on the urgency of large-scale controlled trials of antimicrobial-use regulation employing sophisticated epidemiologic methods, molecular typing, and precise resistance mechanism analysis.
Antimicrobial Stewardship(AMS) refers to the optimal selection, dosing, and duration of antimicrobial treatment resulting in the best clinical outcome with minimal side effects to the patients and minimal impact on subsequent resistance.
According to the 2019 report, in the US, more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur each year, and more than 35000 people die. In addition to this, it also mentioned that 223,900 cases of Clostridoides difficile occurred in 2017, of which 12800 people died. The report did not include viruses or parasites
VISION
Being proactive
Supporting optimal animal and human health
Exploring ways to reduce overall use of antimicrobials
Using the drugs that prevent and treat disease by killing microscopic organisms in a responsible way
GOAL
to prevent the generation and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Doing so will preserve the effectiveness of these drugs in animals and humans for years to come.
being to preserve human and animal health and the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications.
to implement a multidisciplinary approach in assembling a stewardship team to include an infectious disease physician, a clinical pharmacist with infectious diseases training, infection preventionist, and a close collaboration with the staff in the clinical microbiology laboratory
to prevent antimicrobial overuse, misuse and abuse.
to minimize the developme
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CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V PREVENTIVE-PEDIATRICS.pdfSachin Sharma
This content provides an overview of preventive pediatrics. It defines preventive pediatrics as preventing disease and promoting children's physical, mental, and social well-being to achieve positive health. It discusses antenatal, postnatal, and social preventive pediatrics. It also covers various child health programs like immunization, breastfeeding, ICDS, and the roles of organizations like WHO, UNICEF, and nurses in preventive pediatrics.
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NRHM.pptx
1. NATIONAL RURAL HEALTH
MISSION AND ITS COMPONENTS
Presenter : Dr Soumya P
Final year PG Scholar
Department of Kayachikitsa
2. CONTENTS
• Introduction
• NHM
• NRHM
• Components of NRHM
• NUHM
• Components of NRHM
• Difference between NRHM and NUHM
• Future goals
• Conclusion
• References
3. NHM
• National Health Mission
• Ministry of health and family welfare
• NHM - approved in May 2013
• Sub missions – NRHM & NUHM
• It aims at improving and correcting the deficiencies in the health care delivery system with a focus
on integrating all thee available healthcare facilities like Ayush along with ongoing vertical
programme.
• Main programmatic components
- RMNCH+A
- control of NCDs & Comm. d/s
4. NRHM
• Launched in 5th April 2005 for 7 years by GOI
• Intended for 2005 - 2012
• Recently extended to 2017
• Operational in whole country & Special focus on 18 states
• Correct the deficiencies of health system
• The Mission adopts a synergistic approach by relating health to determinants of
good health viz. segments of nutrition, sanitation, hygiene and safe drinking water.
5. WHY NRHM WAS LAUNCHED?
• Only 20% population coverage by govt sector , 80% by private sector
• Stat -Rural India – long standing healthcare problems
• Rural health problems/ mortality – preventable and easily treatable .
Characteristics Urban rural
Infant mortality rate 39% 62%
Government beds 68.1% 31.9%
Beds per 1000 population 1.1 beds 0.2 beds
Graduate doctor distribution 74% 28%
6. STATES FOCUSED UNDER NRHM
1.Arunachal
Pradesh
2.Assam
3.Bihar
4.Orissa
5.UP
6.MP
• 7.Rajasthan
• 8.Uttaranchal
• 9.Mizoram
• 10.Manipur
• 11.Meghalaya
• 12.Chattisgar
h
13.Tripura
•14.Nagalan
d
•15.Gujarat
•16.J & K
•17.HP
•18.Sikkim
7. OBJECTIVES OF THE MISSION
• Reduction in child and maternal mortality.
• Universal access to public health services.
• Prevention and control of communicable and noncommunicable diseases, endemic
diseases
• Stabilization and demographic balance.
• Revitalizeimunisation programme
• Access to integrated phc.
• Revitalize local local health tradition.(Ayush)
• Promotion of healthy life style
8. COMPONENTS UNDER NRHM
• Comprehensive Primary Health Care (CPHC) through Ayushman Bharat Health
and Wellness Centers (HWCs)
• National Ambulance Services (NAS)
• National Mobile Medical Units (NMMUs)
• Free Drugs Service Initiative
• Free Diagnostics Service Initiative
• Community Participation
a)Accredited Social Health Workers (ASHA)
b)Rogi Kalyan Samiti (Patient Welfare Committee) / Hospital Management
Society
c)VHSNCs
10. AYUSHMAN BHARAT HEALTH AND
WELLNESS CENTERS (HWCS)
• Ayushman Bharath is an attempt to move from a selectiv approach to health care to
deliver range of services like preventive,promotive,curative,rehabilitative,and
palliative care
• It has 2 components
1) Health and wellness centre(HWCs) 1,50,000
2)Pradhan mantri jan Arogya yojan (PM-JAY)
• Health insurance cover 5 lakh / year – 10 crore poor ppl
•
11. HEALTH AND WELLNESS CENTRE (HWC)
• The first Health and Wellness Centre was inaugurated by Hon’ble Prime Minister on
14th April 2018 in Bijapur district of Chhattisgarh.
• So far, 51,484 HWC are formed
Objectives:
• upgrading the Sub Health Centers (SHCs) and Primary Health Centers (PHCs) in
rural and urban area
• provide Comprehensive Primary Health Care
• common NCDs such as Hypertension, Diabetes and 3 common cancers of Oral, Breast
and Cervix.
• primary healthcare services for Mental health, ENT, Ophthalmology, Oral health,
Geriatric and Palliative health care and Trauma care as well as Health promotion and
wellness activities like Yoga.
12. AYUSH INTERVENTION
• Upgrading existing Ayush dispensaries and sub health centers .
• Sub health centers headed by Ayush doctors
• 10% of total HWC are for Ayush HWC
• Total of 12,500 Ayush HWC
• Objective – “self care”
• Focus on preventive and promotive interventions
• Services- outreach opd, health mela,home visits, school and anganavadi visits.
• Include Ayush wellness package-
1) self care
2) common ailments
3) medicinal palnts and home remedies
4) prakriti assessment
5) yoga classes
13. HEALTH CALENDAR
S.
No.
Month and Date Day
1. 12th January National Youth Day
2. 31st January Anti-Leprosy Day
3. 4th February World Cancer Day
4. 11th February International Epilepsy Day
5. 8th March International Women’s Day
6. 24th March World Tuberculosis Day
7. 7th April World Health Day
8. 14th April Ayushman Bharat-Health and Wellness
Centre Day
9. 12th May International Nurses Day
10. 31st May Anti-Tobacco Day
11. 14th June World Blood Donor Day
12. 21st June International YOGA Day
13. 1st July Doctors Day
14. 11th July World Population Day
15. 01-07
August
World Breast Feeding Day/
Week
16. 15th August Independence Day
17. 01-07 Sept. National Nutrition Week
18. 29th Sept. World Heart Day
19. 1st October World Elderly Day
20. 11th October World Mental Health Day
21. 10th Nov. World Immunization Day
22. 14th Nov. Children’s Day
23. 1st December World AIDS Day
24. 20th Dec. Food Safety Day
14. NATIONAL AMBULANCE SERVICE
• It is a patient transport service launched by NHM
• Now 35 states/UTs has the service
• Dial 108/102
Dial 108- Emergency response system( critical care , trauma , accident victims)
Dial 102 – basic patient transport
- cater needs of pregnant women and children
• 10599 – under 108
• 9875 – under 102
• Other vehicles to transport pregnant women and children- Janani express, mamta
vahan,kushiyo ki sawaari etcx…
15. NMMU
• To increase visibility, awareness and accountability, all Mobile Medical Units have been
positioned as “National Mobile Medical Unit Service” with universal colour and design.
• 426 districts are provided with service
• providing Primary Health Care Services at the door step of communities living in
difficult to reach, hilly areas which were unserved or underserved
• Each MMU was covering 8-12 villages on fixed days and had service points in the said
villages.
16. OBJECTIVES:
• 1 To provide quality Primary Health Care and selected Secondary Care Services, including referral services as per
objectives of NRHM and GOK.
• 2 To contribute to the achievement of improvements in CBR, CDR, IMR, MMR and TFR and other health goals in the
area by reducing the Infant and Maternal Mortality and communicable diseases like malaria, T.B, AIDS, pneumonia,
diarrhea and dysentery.
• 3 To provide essential health care services for chronic illness such as such as Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Epilepsy,
Chronic Bronchitis, Chronic Bronchial Asthma, Chronic Arthritis, Acid Peptic Disease (Gastritis) etc.
• 4 To provide minimum Laboratory Investigation such as Urine for Albumin & Sugar, Pregnancy test, Blood Sugar level
estimation, Hemoglobin estimation etc.
• 5 To create awareness regarding communicable and non-communicable diseases and their prevention through IEC
activities.
• 6 To Provide Family Planning Services, mainly Spacing Methods
17. SERVICES PROVIDED BY MMU:
1. Curative Services for common illnesses and chronic
illness.
2. First Aid.
3. Referral Services.
4. Family Planning Services.
5. Antenatal and Postnatal Care Services.
6. Immunization services.
7. Counselling on all matters, in particular HIV/AIDS.
8. Implementation of National Health Programs.
9. Health Education Activities and Environmental
Sanitation.
• 10. Minimum routine laboratory investigations.
• 11. Management of Bio Medical Waste (collection,
storage and disposal).
• 12. Extensive health related IEC activities and
other services.
• 13. Samples collection for special investigation
like sputum examination for AFB, Blood smear
for Malaria Parasite & Elisa test, etc.
• 14. Screening and regular follow up treatment of
all chronic illnesses like diabetes mellitus,
hypertension, chronic respiratory diseases,
epilepsy, chronic arthritis and acid peptic
diseases and others, free of cost.
18. FREE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
• It is an Free Drugs Service Initiative by NHM .
• Launched on 2nd July, 2015.
• substantial funding is being given to States for provision of free drugs and setting up of
systems for drug procurement, quality assurance, IT based supply chain management
system, training and grievance redressal etc.
• Drugs procurement, quality system and distribution has been streamlined through IT
based Drug Distribution Management Systems in 29 States,
19. FREE DIAGNOSTICS SERVICE INITIATIVE:
• The NHM- Free Diagnostics Service Initiative was launched in 2013 to provide free essential
diagnostic services at public health facilities
• This initiative was launched to address the high out of pocket expenditure on diagnostics
and improve quality of healthcare services.
• Objectives:
Strengthening of the existing systems in public health facilities such as Lab infrastructure,
provision of Lab Technician, equipment, etc.;
Out Sourcing of High Cost -low frequency diagnostic services and
Contracting in of services of essential Human Resources (e.g. Radiologist, Lab Technician) on a
need basis.
7 to 14 tests at Sub Centre/ Health & Wellness Centre level
19 tests to 63 tests at PHC level,
39 tests to 97 tests at CHC level and
56 tests to 134 tests at District Hospital level.
The tests encompass hematology, serology, bio-chemistry, clinical pathology, microbiology,
radiology, and cardiology
20. ASHA(ACCREDITED SOCIAL HEALTH
WORKERS)
• 10.42 lakh ASHAs across the country - rural / urban
• Health activist in the community
• Resident of the village, a woman (M/W/D) between 25-45 years, with formal education upto 8th
class, having communication skills and leadership qualities.
• One ASHA per 1000 population.
• Trained for period of 23 days(induction) over one year and periodic re-training.
• Chosen by the panchayat to act as thee interface between the community and the public health
system.
- Bridge between the ANM and thee village.
- Honorary volunteer, receiving performance based compensation.
21. RESPONSIBILITIES OF ASHA
• To create awareness among the community regarding nutrition, basic sanitation, hygienic
practices, healthy living.
• Counsel women on birth preparedness, imp of safe delivery, breast feeding, complementary
feeding, immunization, contraception, STDs
• counsel women and escort them to PHC/CHC & providing medical care for minor ailments
• Encourage thee community to get involved in health related services.
• Drug depot: depot holder like ORS, iron and folic acid, oral pills, condoms etc..
• Primary medical care for minor ailment
• Provider of DOTS.
22. INTEGRATION OF AYUSH WITH ASHA
• Training module for ASHA and ANMs have to be updated
• Training & capacity building to be undertaken
• Drug kit that will be provided to ASHA will contain one AYUSH preparation
• Deliver Ayush Pushti biscuits to Anganavadi
• IEC material for certain diseases by Ayush .
• Home remedies material for minor ailments.
23. ROGI KALYAN SAMITI (PATIENT WELFARE
COMMITTEE) / HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT
SOCIETY
• It is a simple yet effective management structure. This committee is a registered
society that acts as a group of trustees for the hospitals to manage the affairs of the
hospital. 33,378 Rogi Kalyan Samitis (RKS) have been set up involving the
community members in almost all District Hospitals, Sub- divisional Hospitals,
Community Health Centers and PHCs till date.
• It consists of members from local Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs), NGOs, local
elected representatives and officials from Government sector who are responsible for
proper functioning and management of the hospital / Community Health Centre /
FRUs.
24. VHSNCS
• 5.49 lakh Village Health Sanitation and Nutrition Committees (VHSNCs) have been
constituted at village level across the country to facilitate village level healthcare
planning.
• 11.19 crore Village Health & Nutrition Days (VHNDs) were held so far during the
Mission period.
• It is a platform for improving health awareness and access of community for health
services, address specific local needs and serve as a mechanism for community based
planning and monitoring.
• nutritional deficiencies
• early detection of malnourished children in the community;
• grievances redressal forum on health and nutrition issues.
26. AYUSH INTERVENTIONS
Ongoing
• One Ayush doctors at phc
• 24/7 PHC
• Screening of anaemia/ nutritional
status
Scope
• Ayush camps on nutrition and health
• Healthy eating campaigns
27. MERAASPATAAL:
• This initiative launched in September 2016 with a mandate to integrate with Central Government
Hospitals and District Hospitals is currently functioning in 17 States and 5 UTs. In 2018-19, 1698
facilities were integrated into Mera Aspataal.
• Inititative to capture patient feedback for the services received from public.
• It works through
- SMS
- OBD ( outbound dialing )
- mobile application and web portal
• Analysed data il be used to improve quality of services in healthcare facilities.
•
28. KAYAKALP
• an initiative for Award to Public Health facilities.
• Kayakalp initiative has been launched to promote cleanliness,hygiene and infection control practices
in public health facilities.
• Action :
- PHC meeting standards of protocols of cleanliness, hygiene and infection control will receive
awards and commendation
• As part of contribution towards the Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan launched by the Prime Minister on
2nd October 2014, the Ministry launched “Kayakalp - Award to Public Health Facilities. As on 1st
Oct 2019, 9 Central Government, 395 DHs, 1,140, CHCs/SDHs, 2,723 PHCs, 556 UPHCs,6 Urban
Community Health Centers (UCHCs) have scored more thean 70%. 4829 facilities have been
awarded under this scheme in FY 2018-19.
29. SUMAN
• Union government has launched surakshith matritva aashvasan (SUMAN) to provide
quality heathcare at zero cost to pregnant women , new mothers and newborn.
• Launched on October 10 ,2019.
• Aims :
-to provide dignified and quality health care at no cost to every woman and newborn visiting to
public health facility.
- upto 6 months, free health services - 4 antenatal check ups , 6 homebased newborn care visit.
- Zero expense delivery and c-section facility .
- Transport of pregnant women .
• Significance :
-bring down maternal and infant mortality rate .
- provide stress free birth experience .
30. MISSION INDRADHANUSH
• It is a health mission of govt of india to boost rotine immunization coverage.
• Launched on 25 December 2014.
• Aims too drive 90% of full immunisation coverage .
• Vaccination against –diptheria, whoophing cough,tetanus, polio,measles,childhood
tb , hepatitis b ,meningitis,pneumonia, influenza , rotavirus, Japanese encephalitis.
• Goals:
• Full available vaccination upto 2 years of age foe children
• At 201 high focus districts acroos country.
31. SAHI BHOJAN BEHETAR JEEVAN
(EAT RIGHT INDIA MOVEEMNT)
• It is a programme launched by union health ministry under food safety standards
authority of india (FSSAI).
• It is the new healthy eating approach which places citizens at the centre of health
revolution through food and fitness.
• It is aligned with …
• Actions:
• Eat right quiz
• Eat right camps
• School camps
32. NUHM
• National urban health mission
• To improve health status of urban population particularly slum dwellers vulnerable
section.
• Launched National Health Mission (NHM) on 1 st May, 2013 .
33. COVERAGE
• All cities with >50,000 population.
• All the district and state headquarters (irrespective of the population size).
• Urban areas with < 50,000 population to be covered by NRHM.
• So far to ensure that there is no duplication of services.
• Seven mega cities ( Mumbai, New Delhi, Chennai, Hyderabad, Kolkatta, Bengaluru & Ahmedabad)
will be treated differently their municipal corporations will implement NUHM.
• In other cities, District Health Societies will be responsible for NUHM implementation.
• Flexibility- given to states
• In the 12th Plan period NUHM and NRHM will be separate programmes……
34. HIGH FOCUS ON :
• Urban Poor Population living in listed and unlisted slums
• All other vulnerable population such as
• Homeless,
• Rag-pickers
• Street children
• Rickshaw pullers
• Construction and brick and lime kiln workers
• Sex workers
• Other temporary migrants
35. OBJECTIVES:
• Public health thrust on sanitation, clean drinking water, vector control, etc.
• Strengthening public health capacity of urban ocal bodies.
36. RAJIV AWAS YOJANA ( SLUM FREE INDIA )
•it was launched in June 2011
• this initiative aims at providing hosing facilities to slum dwellers through a new scheme.
Implementation :
• Preparation of slum free city plan
• Preparation of project for selected slum.
• This will also be useful for development of city health plans.
Housing , basic civic infrastructure in slums
Community halls
Childcare centres
Rental housing
37. SWARN-JAYANTI SHEHRI ROJGAR YOJNA
• government have introduced an effective self employment programme SGSY.
• Launched on April 1, 1999
• It aims at poor families living below poverty line in rural areas for taking up self employment.
• They make take up the activity either individually or in groups called self help groups.
• Goal :
1) Anti poverty programme, empowerment
2) Self employment , income generation
Role of scheme :
Identification of poor
Training
Infrastructural support
Marketing support
Engaging youths
38. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN NRHM AND NUHM
NRHM NUHM
National rural health mission National urban health mission
Improves rural health
delivery system
Separate mission for urban
areas and focus on slums &
other urban poor families.
Launched on 12 the April, 2005 Approved on 1st May 2013
Creation of ASHA (Accredited
Social Health Activist)
Creation of USHA (Urban
Social Health Activist)
1 Asha = 1000 population 1 Usha = 1000- 2500 population
JSY, RKS, RSBY NRY, MAS , UPSB , SJSRY
39. AREAS OF PRIORITY :
1. Education –standards upgradation
2. Drug standardization
3. Setting up of vanaspati van (Herbarium)
4. Expansion Ayush treatment facility
5. Research & development
6. Intellectual property Rights
40. CONCLUSION
• The grossly deficient health workforces in rural India are hugely replenished by AYUSH
doctors and paramedics.
• • Many of the therapeutics are being used in different forms for the management of
community health problems which are safe and effective.
• Future of integrated medicine- Bright and promising.
• effective implementation of mainstreaming of AYUSH and revitalization of local health
tradition in a more homogenous manner throughout the nation.
• universal recruitment policy, provision of drugs and necessary equipments and
infrastructural correction.
• Ayush has a great role in rural health and is successful in combating health care
facilities.
• Nationalisation of aysuh work forces is in need of hour.
41. REFERENCES
• AYUSH official website http://india.gov.in & http://mohfw.nic.in
• National health mission official website nhm.gov.in
• Ayushman Bharath official website ab-hwc.nhp.gov.in
Editor's Notes
Because of this inequality of distribution of
health in thee country the union government
launched,
by expanding and strengthening the existing Reproductive & Child Health (RCH) services and Communicable Diseases services and by including services related to Non-Communicable Diseases
Yoga , diet ,lifestyle and behavioural modification
Herbal garden, kitchen garden, iec on medicines, home remedies
Key focus of 102 – free transfer from home to facility,
inter facility transfer in case of referral drop back
NUHM covers all cities and towns with more than 50,000 populations and district headquarters and State headquarters with more than 30,000 population. The remaining cities/ towns continue to be covered under National Rural Health Mission (NRHM). As part of Ayushman Bharat, thee existing UPHCs are being strengthened as Health & Wellness Centers (HWCs) to provide preventive, promotive and curative services in cities closer to thee communities.