The document discusses key concepts related to health and illness. It defines health according to the WHO as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not just the absence of disease. Disease is defined as a pathological change, while illness refers to a person's response to disease. Models of health and illness are presented, as are factors like physical, emotional, intellectual, environmental and sociocultural dimensions that can affect health and illness. The document also discusses risk factors, types of acute and chronic illness, and levels of preventative care.

1. Health and Illness
Chapter 4

2. Definitions
• Health: defined by each person
• WHO: “Health is a state of complete
physical, mental, and social well being, not
merely the absence of disease or infirmity”.
• Disease: pathological change in structure
&/or function
• Illness: response of person to disease

3. MODELS OF HEALTH &
ILLNESS
• Agent-Host-
Environment
• Health/Illness
Continuum
• High-Level Wellness
Model
• Health Belief Model
• Health Promotion
Model

4. FACTORS AFFECTING
Health and Illness
• Physical Dimension
• Emotional Dimension
• Intellectual Dimension
• Environmental
Dimension
• Sociocultural
Dimension
• Spiritual Dimension

5. MORE….
• Basic Human Needs
• Self-Concept: incorporates how the person
feels about self AND the way he/she
perceives his/her physical self (self-esteem
and body image)
• Has both physical & emotional aspects

6. Promoting Health
Preventing Illness
• Risk Factors:
– Age
– Genetics
– Physiologic
– Health habits
– Lifestyle
– Environment

7. Acute Illness
• Generally rapid onset of symptoms
• Last only relatively short time
Illness Behaviors
Stage 1: Experiencing symptoms
Stage 2: Assuming sick role
Stage 3: Assuming dependent role
Stage 4: achieving recovery & rehab

8. Chronic Illness
Physical and mental alterations in health
WITH one or more of the following:
• Permanent change
• Causes or is caused by, irreversible
alterations in normal anatomy and
physiology
• Requires special ed for rehab
• Requires long period of care or support

9. Levels of Preventative Care
• Primary preventative
care
• Secondary preventive
care
• Tertiary preventative
care

10. Levels of Preventative Care
• Primary preventative
care
• Secondary preventive
care
• Tertiary preventative
care