The document discusses hardware algorithms, firmware algorithms, and an algorithm for adding numbers with sign bits. It defines a hardware algorithm as a procedure for implementing problem solutions using given equipment through a step-by-step process. Firmware algorithms are described as being between hardware and software by using microprograms to generate control signals. An example algorithm is provided for adding numbers that handles overflow by examining the last two carry bits.

1. Ravitesh Mishra
Assistant Professor
BCE,Mandideep
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2. A design algorithm is procedure for
implementing solution of problem with given
equipment.
 It is a step –by-step procedure.
 Needs lot of creation.
 Designer can develop an algorithm,if
1. Thoroughly understands the problem.
2. Assums initial configuration of equipment.
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3.  HARDWARE ALGORITHM  FIRMWARE ALGORITHM
 It is the midway between
 It is use to implement &
hardware & software
control operation of system.
 Microprogram (set of
 Starts with finite no. of
microinstruction) generates
procedural steps.
control signals
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4. It adds the number with sign bit. Overflow V is 1 if EX-OR of the
Carry out of sign bit is discarded. last two carries is 1.
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