This document discusses electronic warfare and is divided into three main sections: electronic attack, electronic protection, and electronic warfare support. Electronic attack involves jamming, deception, and destructive techniques to interfere with an enemy's use of the electromagnetic spectrum. Electronic protection techniques are used to protect friendly forces from electronic attack. Electronic warfare support passively detects and analyzes emissions to gather intelligence and provide situational awareness. Specific electronic warfare systems and techniques discussed include jamming, chaff, flares, anti-radiation missiles, frequency hopping, and ELINT/COMINT collection.

2. INTRODUCTION
Action involving use of the electromagnetic spectrum
Three main divisions :
Electronic Attack (EA)
Electronic Protection (EP)
Electronic Warfare Support (ES)

3. ELECTRONIC ATTACK (EA)
Promote Uncertainty
Use of active and passive energy to
“attack “
Four Classes of EA
 Jamming
 Modifiers
 Radar-absorbing materials (RAM)
 Physical Destruction

4. NON-DESTRUCTIVE EA
DENIAL:
Overload opposition’s receiver to deny its
use by the enemy by JAMMING, CHAFF and
FLARES
DECEPTION:
Create false image or change image’s
characteristics on a radar display. Misleads or
“spoofs” by using repeaters, transponders, chaff-
disguise, radar decoys, blip enhancers and radar
cross section (RCS) modification

5. NOISE JAMMING
Deliberate impairing of enemy’s devices
radiation, re-radiation, or reflection of
electromagnetic energy
TGT Freq
True Noise
Ideal Jammer
Actual Spot
Jammer

6. CHAFF CORRIDORS
FLARES (ACTIVE)

7. CHAFF FALSE
TARGETS
Real Target
MULTIPLE FALSE
TARGETS
STROBES COVER PULSE JAMMING
X
“Reactive Jamming”

8. DECOYS

9. VELOCITY GATE PULL OFF
(VGPO)
Target Return
Velocity Gate
Gate Pull-Off

10. DESTRUCTIVE EA
Anti-Radiation Missiles
 SLAM
 HARM
 Sidewinder
Directed Energy

11. SLAMER
(Stand-off Land Attack Missile-
Expanded Response)

12. HARM
(HIGH-SPEED ANTI RADIATION
MISSILE)

13. SIDEWINGER

14. ELECTRONIC PROTECTION
(EP)
 Protection of friendly combat capability
against undesirable effect of friendly or enemy
employed EW
Types
 Passive EW
 Active EW

15. EP
Three ways to defend from enemy EW
 Modify radar
o Make it more complex
o Make it harder to jam
 Modify the Medium
o Chaff
o Torch
 Modify the platform

16. EP FACTORS
BURNTHROUGH:
Increase signal strength to overpower
jammer noise (ECCM)
Emission Control (EMCON)
Alpha
Bravo
Charlie
Delta
Operator Recognition Training

17. JAMMING EFFECTIVENESS
Match the victim radar’s RF
Be continuous
Have sufficient power

18. METHODS TO DEFEAT DIRECT
THREAT JAMMING
Frequency Techniques
 RF Change
 RF Diversity
 RF Agility
 Diplexing
Variable PRF

19. ELECTRONIC WARFARE
SUPPORT (ES)
 Passive surveillance of the EM spectrum
Detection
Tracking
Recognition
Targeting
Warning
Destruction
Avoidance

20. PASSIVE DETECTION
 RADAR
 IFF
 TACAN
 JAMMING

21. ES
(PASSIVE SURVEILLANCE)
ELINT : Electronic Intelligence
COMINT : Communications Intelligence

22. ES
(RECEIVER DESIGN
REQUIREMENTS)
Wide spectrum surveillance
Wide dynamic range
Unwanted signal rejection
Angle-of-Arrival measurement
Signal Analysis capability
Real-Time Display
Recording System

24. • SLQ-32 “Sidekick”
– On all combatants
– Radar warning, detection and jamming
– Uses internal library to auto detect/categorize
• Infrared Flares
– On all combatants
• Chaff
– On all combatants