Presented by Hikuepi Katjiuongua, Froukje Kruijssen and Emily Ouma at the Livestock and Fish Gender Working Group Workshop and Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 14-18 October 2013

1. Update on Livestock and Fish research program
output 2: Gender and value chains
Hikuepi Katjiuongua, Froukje Kruijssen and Emily Ouma
Livestock and Fish Gender Working Group
Workshop and Planning Meeting
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 14-18 October 2013

2. Output 2: “Strategies and approaches through
which women and marginalized groups
improve the nature and level of participation
in livestock and fish value chains”
• Develop M and E indicators and build capacity with partners
to track interventions that overcome gender based
constraints (reported on Day 2)
• Contribute to M&E L&F framework to include engendered
indicators (reported on Day 2)
• Develop rapid and in-depth tools for engendered analysis and
identification of interventions, including social analysis tools

3. VC Toolkit Development: Progress (2012-2013)
• Tools development largely completed
• Nov 2012: initial VCA tool development (small group)
• Feb 2013: writeshop for further tools development
(larger group)
– Based on feedback
– Refined tools based on set of key research questions
and indicators
• Further refinement in 2014 based on feedback

4. Tool applications
• VCA:
–
–
–
–
–
Uganda Pig
Tanzania Dairy
Ethiopia Small Ruminants
India Dairy
Nicaragua dual purpose (about to start)
• VC benchmarking:
– Tanzania (pre-writeshop)
– field tested and applied in Botswana (Smallholder
Competitiveness project)
– Preparing in Ethiopia

5. VC Toolkit Development: Next steps
• Reviewing usage & usefulness of the tools (2014)
• Development of database and guidelines for training,
implementation analysis and review
• Tracking of tool usage and revision based on lessons learned
(2014)
• Simplify wiki, make it easier for users
• Internal review process of tools, reports , best-bets
– Decide on process for feedback on content, consistency
and quality
• Address question on tool ‘harmonization’:
– Tools are being adapted, but what common themes &
questions are being kept?
• Discuss & agree on prioritization process for identifying
best-bets interventions & ex ante analysis

6. Some challenges
• How do the tools relate to the IDO and M&E indicators?
– Do the tools capture the needed/proposed gender M&E
indicators? If not, how do we address this?
– What impact assessment methods/approaches will be
used to assess the impact of the L&F program (overall
and for each VC and theme)?
– Is the current level of communication among the L&F
value chains sufficient to foster learning as they move
along with their respective work plans? If not, how do
we best achieve this?

7. Application of the VCA tools: experiences
from the Uganda pig value chain
Application of the toolkit at district
and village levels
• Launching workshops with district
authorities and technical staff.
• Review of VCA tool-kit with
district technical staff, and
coordination of field work.
• Farmers participating in VCA
sessions selected at random from
lists provided by local partners.

8. The application of the producer VCA toolkit at district / village level (2)
 Plenary session to introduce all
participants to the VCA tool-kit.
 Farmer’ focus group discussions in
35 villages (40 farmers per village
and 7-10 key informants).
 Farmers distributed at random in 4
groups, with two facilitators per
group, to work on specific tools.
 Mixed or gender disaggregated
groups according to the nature of
the tools applied.

9. The application of the producer VCA tool-kit
at district / village level (3)
 Separate focus group discussion
with key-informants (information
at village level).
 Plenary session to review/discuss
constraints and opportunities
identified in small groups working
with specific technology
components.

10. The application of the VCA tool-kit at district
/ village level (4)
Key informants
Mixed group
Only women
Plenary session

11. Some results
Pig income control and decision making - VCA
Men groups
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Masaka
Mukono
Male only
Joint
Female only
Kamuli

12. Pig income control and decision
making-VCA
Women groups
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Masaka
Mukono
Male only
Joint
Female only
Kamuli

13. Activity clock – Men
1.00p.m.
11.00a.m.
Mix feeds for pigs and
thereafter go for agro-trading or
other income generating
activities such as “boda-boda”
2.00p.m.
7.00a.m.
6.00p.m.
6.00a.m.
Sleep
8.00p.m.
10.00p.m.

14. Activity clock - Women
12.00p.m.
2.00p.m.
7.00a.m.
Farming, collect animal
feed, firewood and family
food (vegetables) and
banana leaves; other
merchandising activities
4.00p.m.
6.00a.m.
6.00p.m.
Sleep
8.00p.m.
10.00p.m.
Implication of women’s time constraints: Extension and interventions.
How much time do they have available?, How time-consuming and labor-intensive are the interventions, How
far can they travel for trainings?

15. % of households
Sources of water
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Masaka
Borehole
Mukono
well
Tap/piped water
Kamuli
Other
 On average, time taken to water source: 15 – 25 minutes.
 Fetching water:-responsibility of children (64%) and women
(19%).
16

16. Access to extension services
District
Sub-county
Masaka
Kamuli
Mukono
Kkingo
Kyanamukaka
Katwe-Butego
KimanyaKyabakuza
NyendoSsenyange
Kabonera
Kitayunjwa
Namwendwa
Bugulumbya
Mukono TC
Goma
Kyampisi
Ntenjeru
Source of extension service (% of respondents)
NAADS*
NGOs
Other farmers
Men Women
Men Women Men Women
AHSP**
Men Women
13
50
33
25
21
11
43
15
0
0
33
0
0
0
57
0
0
38
67
25
0
21
43
50
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
40
25
0
0
0
0
40
21
20
0
0
14
7
33
12
10
5
0
0
4
28
25
5
10
15
0
0
19
0
0
12
0
13
0
0
12
11
0
38
0
0
0
0
0
0
25
18
6
0
0
0
0
0
13
10
0
0
0
20
0
0
50
15
0
0
0
0
0
0
38
5
0
17

17. Application of VCA toolkit – other
value chain actors







Feed stockists (n = 36)
Live pig traders (n = 86)
Village veterinarians (n = 53)
Agro-vet stockists (n = 36)
Village boar owners (n = 90)
Pork retailers (n = 20)
Benchmarking household survey – (n = 348
households)
18

18. % of respondents
Pig value chain actors
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Feed stockists
Veterinary
services/agrovets
Village boar
breeding
Pig traders
Slaughterers
Pork retailers
Functions
Men
Women
19

19. Decision-maker on pig sales in the last 12
months – household level benchmarking
survey
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Masaka
Men
Joint household
Mukono
Women
Kamuli
Non-household member
20

20. Application of the VCA tools: Key lessons
• Quite detailed, thereby lots of engendered information
can be obtained.
• Lengthy: producer VCA tool-need about 6 hours to
implement with mixed parallel and plenary sessions
(and 2-3 breaks).
• Good training and facilitation skills key.
• Moving forward: - Analysis of qualitative data from the
VCA.
• Translating the gendered information and ensuring
inclusiveness in the design of technology and
institutional interventions.

21. CGIAR Research Program on Livestock and Fish
livestockfish.cgiar.org
CGIAR is a global partnership that unites organizations engaged in research for a food secure future. The CGIAR
Research Program on Livestock and Fish aims to increase the productivity of small-scale livestock and fish systems
in sustainable ways, making meat, milk and fish more available and affordable across the developing world.