The document proposes a low power, high speed parallel architecture for cyclic convolution based on the Fermat Number Transform (FNT). It introduces techniques like Code Conversion without Addition (CCWA) and Butterfly Operation without Addition (BOWA) to perform FNT and inverse FNT without additions except for the final stages. This avoids modulo 2n+1 carry save additions to reduce power and delay. Modulo 2n+1 Partial Products Multipliers are used for pointwise multiplications to further improve efficiency. Simulation results show the proposed 4-2 compressor architecture achieves lower power compared to existing designs.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
HIGH SPEED REVERSE CONVERTER FOR HIGH DYNAMIC RANGE MODULI SETP singh
In this paper a new reverse converter architecture for the five moduli set {2n, 2n/2-1, 2n/2+1, 2n+1, 22n-1-1} is presented. The proposed converter is designed in two levels architecture by using of New Chinese Reminder Theorem-I (New CRT-I) and Mixed Radix Conversion (MRC). The proposed architecture has achieved significant improvement in terms of delay of the reverse converter compared to state-of-the-art reverse converters.
Imprecise computing is an attractive model for digital processing at nano metric scales. Inexact computing is particularly interesting for computer arithmetic designs. This work deals about the design and analysis of two new inaccurate 4-2 compressors for utilization in a multiplier. These designs rely on different features of compression, such that imprecision in computation is measured by the error rate and the so-called normalized error distance can meet with respect to circuit-based figures of merit of a design in terms of number of transistors, delay and power consumption. The proposed approximate compressors are proposed and analyzed in Dadda multiplier. Extensive simulation results are provided and an application of the approximate multipliers to image processing is presented. The results proposed designs shows that reduced power dissipation, delay and transistor count.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
HIGH SPEED REVERSE CONVERTER FOR HIGH DYNAMIC RANGE MODULI SETP singh
In this paper a new reverse converter architecture for the five moduli set {2n, 2n/2-1, 2n/2+1, 2n+1, 22n-1-1} is presented. The proposed converter is designed in two levels architecture by using of New Chinese Reminder Theorem-I (New CRT-I) and Mixed Radix Conversion (MRC). The proposed architecture has achieved significant improvement in terms of delay of the reverse converter compared to state-of-the-art reverse converters.
Imprecise computing is an attractive model for digital processing at nano metric scales. Inexact computing is particularly interesting for computer arithmetic designs. This work deals about the design and analysis of two new inaccurate 4-2 compressors for utilization in a multiplier. These designs rely on different features of compression, such that imprecision in computation is measured by the error rate and the so-called normalized error distance can meet with respect to circuit-based figures of merit of a design in terms of number of transistors, delay and power consumption. The proposed approximate compressors are proposed and analyzed in Dadda multiplier. Extensive simulation results are provided and an application of the approximate multipliers to image processing is presented. The results proposed designs shows that reduced power dissipation, delay and transistor count.
A Novel VLSI Architecture for FFT Utilizing Proposed 4:2 & 7:2 CompressorIJERD Editor
With the appearance of new innovation in the fields of VLSI and correspondence, there is likewise a perpetually developing interest for fast transforming and low range outline. It is likewise a remarkable certainty that the multiplier unit structures a fundamental piece of processor configuration. Because of this respect, rapid multiplier architectures turn into the need of the day. In this paper, we acquaint a novel structural engineering with perform high velocity duplication utilizing old Vedic math's strategies. Another fast approach using 4:2 compressors and novel 7:2 compressors for expansion has additionally been joined in the same and has been investigated. Upon examination, the compressor based multiplier present in this paper, is just about two times quicker than the mainstream routines for augmentation. Likewise we outline a FFT utilizing compressor based multiplier. This all configuration and examinations were done on a Xilinx Spartan 3e arrangement of FPGA and the timing and zone of the outline, on the same have been ascertained.
Compressor based approximate multiplier architectures for media processing ap...IJECEIAES
Approximate computing is an attractive technique to gain substantial improvement in the area, speed, and power in applications where exact computation is not required. This paper proposes two improved multiplier designs based on a new 4:2 approximate compressor circuit to simplify the hardware at the partial product reduction stage. The proposed multiplier designs are targeted towards error-tolerant applications. Exhaustive error and hardware analysis has been carried out on the existing and proposed multiplier designs. The results prove that the proposed approximate multiplier architecture performs better than the existing architectures without significant compromise on quality metrics. Experimental results show that die-area and power consumed are reduced up to 28%, and 25.29% respectively in comparison with the existing designs without significant compromise on accuracy.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
FPGA Implementation of SubByte & Inverse SubByte for AES Algorithmijsrd.com
Advanced encryption standard was accepted as a Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) standard. In traditional look up table (LUT) approaches, the unbreakable delay is longer than the total delay of the rest of operations in each round. LUT approach consumes a large area. It is more efficient to apply composite field arithmetic in the SubBytes transformation of the AES algorithm. It not only reduces the complexity but also enables deep sub pipelining such that higher speed can be achieved. Isomorphic mapping can be employed to convert GF(28) to GF(22)2)2) ,so that multiplicative inverse can be easily obtained. SubBytes and InvSubBytes transformations are merged using composite field arithmetic. It is most important responsible for the implementation of low cost and high throughput AES architecture. As compared to the typical ROM based lookup table, the presented implementation is both capable of higher speeds since it can be pipelined and small in terms of area occupancy (137/1290 slices on a Spartan III XCS200-5FPGA).
A high performance fir filter architecture for fixed and reconfigurable appli...Ieee Xpert
A high performance fir filter architecture for fixed and reconfigurable applications A high performance fir filter architecture for fixed and reconfigurable applications A high performance fir filter architecture for fixed and reconfigurable applications A high performance fir filter architecture for fixed and reconfigurable applications
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A Pipelined Fused Processing Unit for DSP Applicationsijiert bestjournal
This paper designs a processing element for FFT pr ocessor capable of operating on 32-bit double precision floating point numbers. Pipelining is performed on the computational elements of the DSP processor to enhance the throug hput. The performance of the Processing unit is increased by using the concept of fused arc hitecture on the sub modules � the dot product unit and the add sub unit. Pipelining incre ases the speed of the CE of the processor while fused operations claim area optimization. The DSP applications involve FFT Processors that make use of the butterfly operation s consisting of multiplications,additions,and subtractions of complex valued data (data is sp lit into real part and the imaginary part). The radix-2 and radix-4 butterflies are designed us ing fused architecture. The fused FFT butterflies are to be 20 percent speedier and 30 pe rcent smaller in area compared with the conventional method. The processing unit covers alm ost all the computations necessary for the processor.
Flexible dsp accelerator architecture exploiting carry save arithmeticNexgen Technology
2016 ieee project ,2016-2017 ieee projects, application projects, best ieee projects, bulk final year projects, bulk ieee projects ,diploma projects electrical engineering electrical engineering projects ,final year application projects, final year csc projects, final year cse project, final year it projects ,final year project, final year projects, final year projects in chennai ,final year projects in coimabtore, final year projects in hyderabad, final year projects in pondicherry final year projects in rajasthan ,ieee based projects for ece, ieee final year projects, ieee master, ieee project, ieee project 2015 ,ieee project 2016, ieee project centers in pondicherry ,ieee project for eee, ieee projects, ieee projects ,2015-2016 ieee projects, 2016-2017 ieee projects, cse ieee projects, cse 2015 ieee projects, cse 2016 ieee projects for cse ,ieee projects for it, ieee projects in bangalore, ieee projects in chennai, ieee projects in coimbatore, ieee projects in hyderabad ,ieee projects in madurai ,ieee projects in maharashtra ,ieee projects in mumbai, ieee projects in odisha, ieee projects in orissa, ieee projects in pondicherry, ieee projects in pondy ,ieee projects in pune, ieee projects in uttarakhand, ieee projects titles, 2015-2016 latest projects for eee, NEXGEN TECHNOLOGY mtech ieee projects mtech projects 2016-2017 mtech projects in chennai mtech, projects in cuddalore ,mtech projects in neyveli, mtech projects in panruti, mtech projects in pondicherry, mtech projects in tindivanam, mtech projects in villupuram, online ieee projects ,phd guidance, project for engineering ,project titles for ece
Lightning Talk #9: How UX and Data Storytelling Can Shape Policy by Mika Aldabaux singapore
How can we take UX and Data Storytelling out of the tech context and use them to change the way government behaves?
Showcasing the truth is the highest goal of data storytelling. Because the design of a chart can affect the interpretation of data in a major way, one must wield visual tools with care and deliberation. Using quantitative facts to evoke an emotional response is best achieved with the combination of UX and data storytelling.
Content personalisation is becoming more prevalent. A site, it's content and/or it's products, change dynamically according to the specific needs of the user. SEO needs to ensure we do not fall behind of this trend.
A Novel VLSI Architecture for FFT Utilizing Proposed 4:2 & 7:2 CompressorIJERD Editor
With the appearance of new innovation in the fields of VLSI and correspondence, there is likewise a perpetually developing interest for fast transforming and low range outline. It is likewise a remarkable certainty that the multiplier unit structures a fundamental piece of processor configuration. Because of this respect, rapid multiplier architectures turn into the need of the day. In this paper, we acquaint a novel structural engineering with perform high velocity duplication utilizing old Vedic math's strategies. Another fast approach using 4:2 compressors and novel 7:2 compressors for expansion has additionally been joined in the same and has been investigated. Upon examination, the compressor based multiplier present in this paper, is just about two times quicker than the mainstream routines for augmentation. Likewise we outline a FFT utilizing compressor based multiplier. This all configuration and examinations were done on a Xilinx Spartan 3e arrangement of FPGA and the timing and zone of the outline, on the same have been ascertained.
Compressor based approximate multiplier architectures for media processing ap...IJECEIAES
Approximate computing is an attractive technique to gain substantial improvement in the area, speed, and power in applications where exact computation is not required. This paper proposes two improved multiplier designs based on a new 4:2 approximate compressor circuit to simplify the hardware at the partial product reduction stage. The proposed multiplier designs are targeted towards error-tolerant applications. Exhaustive error and hardware analysis has been carried out on the existing and proposed multiplier designs. The results prove that the proposed approximate multiplier architecture performs better than the existing architectures without significant compromise on quality metrics. Experimental results show that die-area and power consumed are reduced up to 28%, and 25.29% respectively in comparison with the existing designs without significant compromise on accuracy.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
FPGA Implementation of SubByte & Inverse SubByte for AES Algorithmijsrd.com
Advanced encryption standard was accepted as a Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) standard. In traditional look up table (LUT) approaches, the unbreakable delay is longer than the total delay of the rest of operations in each round. LUT approach consumes a large area. It is more efficient to apply composite field arithmetic in the SubBytes transformation of the AES algorithm. It not only reduces the complexity but also enables deep sub pipelining such that higher speed can be achieved. Isomorphic mapping can be employed to convert GF(28) to GF(22)2)2) ,so that multiplicative inverse can be easily obtained. SubBytes and InvSubBytes transformations are merged using composite field arithmetic. It is most important responsible for the implementation of low cost and high throughput AES architecture. As compared to the typical ROM based lookup table, the presented implementation is both capable of higher speeds since it can be pipelined and small in terms of area occupancy (137/1290 slices on a Spartan III XCS200-5FPGA).
A high performance fir filter architecture for fixed and reconfigurable appli...Ieee Xpert
A high performance fir filter architecture for fixed and reconfigurable applications A high performance fir filter architecture for fixed and reconfigurable applications A high performance fir filter architecture for fixed and reconfigurable applications A high performance fir filter architecture for fixed and reconfigurable applications
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A Pipelined Fused Processing Unit for DSP Applicationsijiert bestjournal
This paper designs a processing element for FFT pr ocessor capable of operating on 32-bit double precision floating point numbers. Pipelining is performed on the computational elements of the DSP processor to enhance the throug hput. The performance of the Processing unit is increased by using the concept of fused arc hitecture on the sub modules � the dot product unit and the add sub unit. Pipelining incre ases the speed of the CE of the processor while fused operations claim area optimization. The DSP applications involve FFT Processors that make use of the butterfly operation s consisting of multiplications,additions,and subtractions of complex valued data (data is sp lit into real part and the imaginary part). The radix-2 and radix-4 butterflies are designed us ing fused architecture. The fused FFT butterflies are to be 20 percent speedier and 30 pe rcent smaller in area compared with the conventional method. The processing unit covers alm ost all the computations necessary for the processor.
Flexible dsp accelerator architecture exploiting carry save arithmeticNexgen Technology
2016 ieee project ,2016-2017 ieee projects, application projects, best ieee projects, bulk final year projects, bulk ieee projects ,diploma projects electrical engineering electrical engineering projects ,final year application projects, final year csc projects, final year cse project, final year it projects ,final year project, final year projects, final year projects in chennai ,final year projects in coimabtore, final year projects in hyderabad, final year projects in pondicherry final year projects in rajasthan ,ieee based projects for ece, ieee final year projects, ieee master, ieee project, ieee project 2015 ,ieee project 2016, ieee project centers in pondicherry ,ieee project for eee, ieee projects, ieee projects ,2015-2016 ieee projects, 2016-2017 ieee projects, cse ieee projects, cse 2015 ieee projects, cse 2016 ieee projects for cse ,ieee projects for it, ieee projects in bangalore, ieee projects in chennai, ieee projects in coimbatore, ieee projects in hyderabad ,ieee projects in madurai ,ieee projects in maharashtra ,ieee projects in mumbai, ieee projects in odisha, ieee projects in orissa, ieee projects in pondicherry, ieee projects in pondy ,ieee projects in pune, ieee projects in uttarakhand, ieee projects titles, 2015-2016 latest projects for eee, NEXGEN TECHNOLOGY mtech ieee projects mtech projects 2016-2017 mtech projects in chennai mtech, projects in cuddalore ,mtech projects in neyveli, mtech projects in panruti, mtech projects in pondicherry, mtech projects in tindivanam, mtech projects in villupuram, online ieee projects ,phd guidance, project for engineering ,project titles for ece
Lightning Talk #9: How UX and Data Storytelling Can Shape Policy by Mika Aldabaux singapore
How can we take UX and Data Storytelling out of the tech context and use them to change the way government behaves?
Showcasing the truth is the highest goal of data storytelling. Because the design of a chart can affect the interpretation of data in a major way, one must wield visual tools with care and deliberation. Using quantitative facts to evoke an emotional response is best achieved with the combination of UX and data storytelling.
Content personalisation is becoming more prevalent. A site, it's content and/or it's products, change dynamically according to the specific needs of the user. SEO needs to ensure we do not fall behind of this trend.
Succession “Losers”: What Happens to Executives Passed Over for the CEO Job?
By David F. Larcker, Stephen A. Miles, and Brian Tayan
Stanford Closer Look Series
Overview:
Shareholders pay considerable attention to the choice of executive selected as the new CEO whenever a change in leadership takes place. However, without an inside look at the leading candidates to assume the CEO role, it is difficult for shareholders to tell whether the board has made the correct choice. In this Closer Look, we examine CEO succession events among the largest 100 companies over a ten-year period to determine what happens to the executives who were not selected (i.e., the “succession losers”) and how they perform relative to those who were selected (the “succession winners”).
We ask:
• Are the executives selected for the CEO role really better than those passed over?
• What are the implications for understanding the labor market for executive talent?
• Are differences in performance due to operating conditions or quality of available talent?
• Are boards better at identifying CEO talent than other research generally suggests?
The impact of innovation on travel and tourism industries (World Travel Marke...Brian Solis
From the impact of Pokemon Go on Silicon Valley to artificial intelligence, futurist Brian Solis talks to Mathew Parsons of World Travel Market about the future of travel, tourism and hospitality.
We’re all trying to find that idea or spark that will turn a good project into a great project. Creativity plays a huge role in the outcome of our work. Harnessing the power of collaboration and open source, we can make great strides towards excellence. Not just for designers, this talk can be applicable to many different roles – even development. In this talk, Seasoned Creative Director Sara Cannon is going to share some secrets about creative methodology, collaboration, and the strong role that open source can play in our work.
The Six Highest Performing B2B Blog Post FormatsBarry Feldman
If your B2B blogging goals include earning social media shares and backlinks to boost your search rankings, this infographic lists the size best approaches.
Each technological age has been marked by a shift in how the industrial platform enables companies to rethink their business processes and create wealth. In the talk I argue that we are limiting our view of what this next industrial/digital age can offer because of how we read, measure and through that perceive the world (how we cherry pick data). Companies are locked in metrics and quantitative measures, data that can fit into a spreadsheet. And by that they see the digital transformation merely as an efficiency tool to the fossil fuel age. But we need to stretch further…
Optimized FIR filter design using Truncated Multiplier TechniqueIJMER
In this paper we have proposed an efficient way of FIR filter design using truncated multiplier technique. The Multiplication operation is performed using Multiple Constant Multiplication Accumulation Truncation (MCMAT) technique. The proposed multiplier design is based on the Wallace tree compressor (WTC). As a result it offers significant improvements in area, delay and power when compared with normal Carry Propagation Addition (CPA). Usually the product of two numbers appears as output in the form of LSB and MSB. The LSB part is truncated and compressed using MCMAT technique. The proposed design produces truncation error which is not more than 1 ulp (unit of least position). While implementing the proposed method experimentally, there is no need of any error compensation circuits and the final output is precised. Hence the area can be saved and the power is also reduced.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Implementation of cyclic convolution based on fnteSAT Journals
Abstract
Cyclic convolution is also known as circular convolution. It is simpler to compute and produce less output samples compared to linear
convolution. There are many architectures for calculating cyclic convolution of any two signals. Implementation using Fermat
Number Transform (FNT) is one of them. Fermat Number is a positive integer of the form where n is a
nonnegative integer.The basic property of FNT is that they are recursive.
This paper presents a cyclic convolution based on Fermat Number Transform(FNT) in the diminished-1 number system.A Code
Convolution method Without Addition(CCWA) and a Butterfly Operation method Without Addition(BOWA) are proposed to perform
the FNT and its inverse(IFNT) except their final stages in the convolution.The pointwise multiplication in the convolution is
accomplished by Modulo 2n+1 Partial Product Multipliers(MPPM) and output partial products which are inputs to the IFNT.Thus
Modulo 2n+1 carry propagation additions are avoided in the FNT and the IFNT except their final stages and Modulo2n+1
multiplier.The execution delay of the parallel architecture is reduced evidently due to the decrease of Modulo 2n+1 carry propagation
addition.compared with the existing cyclic convolution architecture,the proposed one has better throughput performance and involves
less hardware complexity.Synthesis results using 130nm CMOS technology demonstrate the superiority of the proposed architecture
over the reported solution.
Index Terms: FERMAT NUMBER THEORETIC TRANSFORM, BUTTERFLY ARCHITECTURE, PARALLEL
ARCHITECTURE FOR CYCLIC CONVOLUTION, and COMPARISON AND RESULTS
Area and Speed Efficient Reversible Fused Radix-2 FFT Unit using 4:3 Compressoridescitation
In this paper, it is proposed to design an area and speed efficient reversible fused
Radix -2 FFT unit using 4:3 compressor. Radix-2 Reversible FFT unit requires 24-bit and
48 – bit reversible adders, 24 – bit and 48 – bit reversible subtractors and 24x24 reversible
multiplier units. In the proposed architecture, the 24-bit adder has been realized as a
reversible carry-look-ahead adder using PRT-2 gate. The proposed reversible carry-look-
ahead adder is efficient in terms of transistor count, critical path delay and garbage outputs.
Reversible subtractor is realized using TR gate with less critical path delay. The 24x24 bit
multiplication operation is fragmented to nine parallel reversible 8x8 bit multiplication
modules. It is proposed to design a new reversible design of the 24x24 bit multiplier in which
the partial products are added using reversible 4:3 compressors which were realized using
PRT-2 gates. The proposed multiplier is optimized in terms of critical path delay and
garbage outputs. This paper describes three reversible fused operations and applies them to
the implementation of Fast Fourier Transform Processors. The fused operations are
reversible add-subtract unit, reversible multiply-add unit and reversible multiply-subtract
unit. Thus, Reversible Radix-2 FFT butterfly unit is implemented efficiently with the three
fused operations. The fused reversible FFT unit using 4:3 compressor operates at a greater
speed and consumes lesser amount of logic resource than the discrete implementation.
International Journal of Engineering Inventions (IJEI) provides a multidisciplinary passage for researchers, managers, professionals, practitioners and students around the globe to publish high quality, peer-reviewed articles on all theoretical and empirical aspects of Engineering and Science.
The peer-reviewed International Journal of Engineering Inventions (IJEI) is started with a mission to encourage contribution to research in Science and Technology. Encourage and motivate researchers in challenging areas of Sciences and Technology.
Area Delay Power Efficient and Implementation of Modified Square-Root Carry S...IJTET Journal
Abstract: In VLSI Technology, Carry Propagation Delay is the most important concern for the Adders. Adder is the most unavoidable component for the arithmetic performances. This paper is Modified Square Root-Carry Select Adder (SQRT-CSLA) design reduces the delay with 16 bit adder. Carry select adder have two units for Carry Generation (CG) and Carry Selection (CS). The modified SQRT-CSLA design can gives parallel path for carry propagation. So the overall adder delay has reduced. Modified design is obtained using Ripple Carry Adder (RCA) with Boolean Excess-1 Converter (BEC). BEC produces an output i.e., is an excess one result for given input bits. Then input bits and BEC output is given to multiplexer for carry selection. Use of BEC instead of dual RCA gives efficient carry propagation delay and it consumes the lower power and overall gates using in design is reduced with compared to carry select adder with dual RCA. The final sum is calculated using final sum generation.
Design and Implementation of 8 Bit Multiplier Using M.G.D.I. TechniqueIJMER
In this paper we have implemented Radix 8 High Speed Low Power Binary Multiplier using
Modified Gate Diffusion Input(M.G.D.I) technique. Here we have used “Urdhva-tiryakbhyam”(
Vertically and crosswise ) Algorithm because as compared to other multiplication algorithms it shows
less computation and less complexity since it reduces the total number of partial products to half of it.
This multiplier at gate level can be design using any technique such as CMOS, PTL and TG but design
with new MGDI technique gives far better result in terms of area, switching delay and power
dissipation. The radix 8 High Speed Low Power Pipelined Multiplier is designed with MGDI technique
in DSCH 3.5 and layout generated in Microwind tool. The Simulation is done using 0.12μm technology
at 1.2 v supply voltage and results are compared with conventional CMOS technique. Simulation result
shows great improvement in terms of area, switching delay and power dissipation.
Designing a Novel High Performance Four-to-Two Compressor Cell Based on CNTFE...IJECEIAES
Compressor cell is often placed in critical path of multiplier circuits to perform partial product summation. Therefore, it plays a significant role in determining the entire performance of multiplier and digital system. Respecting to the necessity of low power design for portable electronic, designing a low power and high-performance compressors seems to be a good solution to overcome of these problems for computations. In this paper a novel high performance four-to-two compressor cell is proposed using Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistors (CNTFETs) technology. The new cell is based on Majority Function, NOR, and NAND gates. The main advantage of proposed design in comparison with former cells is the ease of obtaining CARRY output by means of Majority function. Simulations have been done with 32nm technology node using Synopsys HSPICE software. Simulation results confirm the priority of the proposed cell compared to other state-of-the-art four-to-two compressor cells.
Analysis of various mcm algorithms for reconfigurable rrc fir filtereSAT Journals
Abstract
Low complexity and power consumption are the key concerns while designing reconfigurable pulse shaping FIR filter for multistandard wireless communication system. In FIR filter, the single input to be multiplied by a set of coefficients known as multiple constant multiplications. This multiple constant multiplication becomes an obstruction in many applications. To overcome that, Digit Based Recoding, Canonic Sign Digit, Common Subexpression Elimination and Binary Common Subexpression Elimination algorithms are used to optimize the number of addition and subtraction operations. While designing these MCM algorithms in the architecture of RRC FIR filter, Binary Common Subexpression Elimination (BCSE) algorithm provides the better performance in terms of area and power.
Keywords: Multiple Constant Multiplication (MCM), Root Raised Cosine Filter (RRC), Canonic Sign Digit (CSD), Multiple Sign Digit (MSD), Common Subexpression Elimination (CSE)
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
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Gv3512031207
1. T.Jyothsna et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 3, Issue 5, Sep-Oct 2013, pp.1203-1207
RESEARCH ARTICLE
www.ijera.com
OPEN ACCESS
Low Power, High Speed Parallel Architecture For Cyclic
Convolution Based On Fermat Number Transform (FNT)
T.Jyothsna1 M.Tech, M.Pradeep2 M.Tech
1
E.C.E department, shri Vishnu engineering college for women, Vishnupur, Bhimavaram, India
Associate Professor in E.C.E department, shri Vishnu engineering college for women, Vishnupur,
Bhimavaram, India
2
Abstract
The power consumption, Delay and Area of this new novel 4-2 Compressor Architecture is compared with
Existing architecture. In the proposed architecture the outputs are efficiently used to improve Low power, high
speed, performance, less and delay. FNT is exact with no round off errors and Truncation errors. The Binary
Arithmetic in FNT performs the Exact Computation. To perform the cyclic convolution in FNT some techniques
are implemented. The Techniques are code Conversion method without Addition (CCWA) and Butterfly
Operation without Addition (BOWA) are proposed to perform the FNT and its Inverse (IFNT) except their final
stages in the Convolution. Here the Point wise Multiplication in the Convolution is accomplished by Modulo
2^n+1 Partial Products Multipliers (MPPM) and Output partial products which are Inputs to the IFNT. Thus
Modulo 2^n+1 Carry save Propagation Additions are avoided in the FNT and the IFNT except their final stages
and the Modulo 2^n+1 multiplier. Thus the Power and Execution delay of the entire FNT will be reduced which
is only because of usage of above techniques in the Design. Therefore the proposed one has less Power better
Throughput Performance and involves less hardware complexity. This will be done by using Very Large Scale
Integration (VLSI) technology and various Cad tools available, so as to implement hardware The synthesis
results using 180nm SOC Technology is been used.
I.
INTRODUCTION
Here the cyclic convolution is performed
based on FNT, is used in DSP (digital signal
processing) Applications for Security of information
transmission and reception purpose. For obtaining
low power we are being using Novel architecture of
xor-xnor, mux style 4-2 compressor [8]
Area is more, Delay is more .All these are
overcome by using xor-xnor, mux style 4-2
compressor Generally Convolution is a basic
operation in DSP[1] but when finite word length is
calculating for the convolution their exists round off
and truncation errors and is very computational
expensive
operation
Therefore
to
reduce
computational complexity we are opting for cyclic
convolution or circular convolution, it is simpler and
easy and produces less output samples and it is one of
the most important and efficient operation in DSP.
Cyclic convolution can be performed
efficiently using FNT rather than both DFT and FFT.
The cyclic based on FFT is widely used operation in
signal processing in a complex domain. cyclic
convolution and correlation without roundoff errors
and better efficiency than the FFT. However there is
one interesting case of the NTT [3] is Fermat number
transform.
The cyclic convolution based on FNT is
simple and less computational complexity because the
expensive multiplications in FFT in FNT with its
integer power 2. Fermat number is a positive integer of
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the form Fn=22t+1 where t is nonnegative integer.
FNT [4],[5] is suitable to digital computation
therefore fnt implementation is exact without
roundoff errors.The Fermat number transform has
been used in many applications such as video
processing, digital filtering, and multiplication of
large numbers and also in Pseudo random generator.
Important
operations
of
cyclic
convolution based on FNT with the unit root 2
includes i) ccwa (code convolution without addition) ii)
bowa (butterfly operation without addition) and
mppm.The CCWA and BOWA both consists of novel
modulo 2n+14-2compressor
in the diminished-1
representation of X i.e.. X=X-1[9].
II.
CODE CONVERSION WITHOUT
ADDITION
It is first stage in FNT .here CC converts the
normal binary code (NBC) into the diminished-1
representation. The delay and area of cc of n-bit NBC
is close to the ones of an n-bit carry propagation adder.
To reduce the cost we propose the CCWA which is
been performed by modulo 2n+1 4-2 compressor.
I0, I1, I2, I3 are four inputs applied to modulo 2n+1 4-2
compressor. Outputs obtained are sum vector Ho* and
carry vector H1*in the diminished-1 representation
[5].
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2. T.Jyothsna et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 3, Issue 5, Sep-Oct 2013, pp.1203-1207
www.ijera.com
I.
The existing 4-2 compressor:
Compressors are the basic components in
many applications particularly in partial product
summation in multipliers. Multiplication is a basic
arithmetic operation in applications such as DSP which
rely on efficient implementation of ALU and floating
point units to execute operations like convolution and
filtering.
Fig 3: modulo 2n+1 4-2 compressor.
The equations of output in the proposed
architecture are shown below
Fig 1: Existing 4-2 compressor
As we used two full adder the complexity
increases and power is more, area occupied is more
hence delay is more .In order to Obtain Low power high
speed, less area we proposed Novel Architecture of xorxnor, mux style 4-2 compressor [6].
II.
proposed novel architecture of 4-2 compressor:
In this proposed new compressor architecture
the design of low power, high speed, delay and area of
these new compressor architecture are compared with
existing one.
In this Modulo 2n+1 4-2 compressor, the novel
architecture of 4-2 compressor [7, 8] [fig 2] as shown
above is called for required number of times to
perform the CCWA. Outputs are sum vector H0* &
H1*. The MSB H1* is complimented and connected
back to its LSB. The obtained results consisting of two
diminished-1 values.
III.
Fig 2: modulo 2n+1 4-2 compressor.
In this each full adder are broken into their
constituent XOR blocks .. Both the Xor and Xnor
values are computed efficiently used to reduce
delay .This is due to availability of the selection bit at
the mux block so that before the arrival of input. Thus
the time required for switching of transistors is reduced.
BUTTERFLY OPERATION
WITHOUT ADDITION
BOWA is the one of operation performed in
FNT after the CCWA has been performed. It consists of
two modulo 2n+1 4-2 compressors, a multiplier and
some inverters as shown below in fig 4. It can be
performed without carry propagation chain so as to
reduce delay and area. Here the designed low power 42 compressor of novel architecture thus the power
generated will be less.
Fig 4: Butterfly operation without Addition
K*,L*,M*,N* are corresponding to two inputs
and two outputs of previous BO in the diminished-1
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3. T.Jyothsna et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application
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number system respectively.
IV.
MODULO 2N+1 PARTIAL PRODUCT
MULTIPLIER
After performing the calculations of CCWA
and BOWA both of them will produce the carry-save
order then MPPM[10] is used perform point wise
multiplications so that final carry-propagation addition
of two partial products in multiplier is avoided therefore
the
execution
delay
will
be
reduced.
Modulo2n+1multiplier is proposed by Efstathiou, there
are n+3 partial products. An full adder based
Daddatree [7] reduces the n+3 partial products into two
summands. Dadda multiplier is faster than other
multipliers therefore it gives the fast performance than
other multipliers. In the proposed cyclic convolution
based on FNT of parallel architecture, the BOWA
accepts four operands in diminished-1 number system.
Every point wise multiplication produce two partial
products rather than one product. It takes away the
final modulo 2n+1 adder of two partial products in the
multiplier thus the final modulo 2n+1 adder is removed
and modulo 2n+1 partial product multiplier is used to
save the area and delay.
V.
PARALLEL ARCHITECTURE OF
CYCLIC CONVOLUTION
Parallel architecture of cyclic convolution for
cyclic is designed by using CCWA, BOWA and
MPPM as shown below. Point wise multiplication and
generates N pair of partial products. Later IFNT of
partial products are performed to produce sequence {Pi}
of the cyclic convolution.
(a)Parallel FNT structure b) Parallel IFNT structure
Fig6: Structures for FNT and IFNT (Ft=28+1) It has
log2N+1 stages of operations.
The efficient FNT structure involves log2N+ 1
stages of operations. The original operands are
converted into the diminished-1 representation in the
CCWA stage, containing the information of modulo
2n+1 addition or subtraction in the first butterfly
operation stage of the previous FNT structure. Then
the results are sent to the next stage of BOWA. After
log2n-1 stages of BOWAs, the results composed of two
diminished-1 operands are obtained. The final stage of
FNT consists of modulo 2n+1 carry-propagation adders
which are used to evaluate the final results in the
diminished-1 representation.
Implementation:
4-2 compressor and also for the existing
architecture in order simulate both the codes and
compare the low power calculations for both the
architectures. All this has been done as follows.
Verilog code is written and then simulated using
QuestaSim tool from Mentor Graphics. The
System-on-Chip (SOC) approach is adopted using
Cadence tools, SOC Encounter software the Power
and Area Analysis is done and reduced by Xilinx
Xpower/RTL Precision Synthesistool and the power
and area is optimized.
RESULTS OF
COMPRESSOR:
OLD
FULL
ADDER
Fig 5: Parallel Architecture of cyclic convolution
based on FNT [9].
It consists of Two FNTS , IFNT and point
wise multiplication modulo 2n+1 .It has two input
sequences {ai} and {bi} produce two sequences
{Ai}and {Bi} (i=1, 2 …N- 1). Sequences {Ai} and
{Bi}, then AI and Bi applied to N MPPM to perform
the point wise multiplication and generates N pair of
partial products.
Later IFNT of partial products are performed
to produce sequence {Pi} of the cyclic convolution.
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Fig7: results of old full adder 4-2 compressor
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4-2
4. T.Jyothsna et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 3, Issue 5, Sep-Oct 2013, pp.1203-1207
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Existing compressor RTL POWER
Fig8: Schematic of old full adder 4-2 compressor
Fig11: Existing compressor RTL POWER
REULTS OF PROPOSED 4-2 COMPRESSOR
Proposed 4-2 compressor RTL POWER
Fig9: Results of proposed 4-2 compressor
Fig12: Proposed 4-2 compressor RTL POWER
The schematic of FNT architecture in Questasim
software
Fig10:
Schematic 4-2 compressor
Fig13: The schematic of FNT architecture in
Questasim software
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5. T.Jyothsna et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application
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BOOKS
Essentials of VLSI Circuits and systems by
Kamran Eshraghian, Douglas A. Pucknell,
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Modern VLSI Design, System - on - Chip
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