The document discusses teleservices and supplementary services provided by GSM networks. It describes the main teleservices which include regular telephony, emergency calls, voice messaging, and short message handling. It also explains several supplementary services such as calling line identification, call forwarding, call waiting, call barring, and advice of charge features. The document further discusses intelligent network services including virtual private networks, prepaid calling, and sponsored cell and call services.

1. Traffic/Signaling

2. Traffic/Signaling
 The network can carry two types of
information:
 Traffic: it concerns all the «user to user»
information. It can be voice as well as data.
 Signaling: the network also requires to carry
information for its own working. Their purposes
are numerous: traffic data routing,
maintenance, security... These data are
usually not visible from user’s point of view.

3. Teleservices
 Telephony
 Emergency Call
 Short Message Cell Broadcast
 Short Message Service
 Fax
 User's Data Call Features
 Voice Messaging

4. Teleservices

5. Teleservices
 Teleservices cover regular telephony, emergency calls,
voice messaging, and short messages handling.
 The most important service provided by GSM users is
telephony which enables bi-directional speech calls to be
placed between GSM users and any telephone
subscriber who is reachable through the general
telephony network.
 Fixed telephone subscribers worldwide as well as mobile
network subscribers or subscribers of specific networks
connected to a public telephone network can be reached.
 Before either Mobile Originated or Mobile Terminated
calls can be established, the mobile telephone must be
switched on and registered into the system.

6. Teleservices

7. Teleservices
 To place an emergency call enter 112 followed by SEND.
Additional means to place such call are also allowed by a
dedicated button.
 The Mobile Telephone supports the initiation of an
emergency call without a SIM present in it, regardless of
the call being accepted or not by the network.
 Note that calls to national emergency services may be
standard for the country of the serving GSM network
(number 17 to call the police in France, number 911 to
make an emergency call in U.S.A.).
 However, with the exception of code "112", these are not
treated within the GSM network as "teleservice
emergency call" and would require a valid IMSI.

8. Teleservices

9. Teleservices
 The cell broadcast enables an Information Provider to submit short
messages for broadcasting to a specified area within the GSM network.
 The cell broadcast service has the following features:
 The cell broadcast message is sent (on control channels) in a limited area,
defined by the originator of the message, by agreement with the GSM
Operator.
 The mobile telephone only receive the broadcast message in idle mode.
 The short message function running in the mobile is able not to store
broadcast messages which are not wanted or which have already been
received.
 The mobile telephone does not send acknowledgment.
 The GSM network continuously sends cell broadcast messages so that all
such messages are sent in turn, an then repeated. On the other hand, the
cycle time is short enough for important messages to be received by
travelers (subscribers) moving through a group of cells.
 The maximum length of each cell broadcast message will be 93 characters
and GSM specifications allows up to 15 of these 93 character messages
treated as segment of a longer message.

10. Teleservices

11. Teleservices
 Short Message Service (SMS) allows the point to point
transmission of a short message to/from MS, using their
IMSI.
 A short message is an alphanumeric string that can be
up to 160 characters long.
 Two different types of short message are defined:
 Short message MT/PP (Mobile Terminated / Point to Point),
 Short message MO/PP (Mobile Originated / Point to Point).
 Point to point messages may be sent or received when
the MS is engaged on a call (voice or data), or in idle
mode. However, messages which overlap the boundary
of such a call, or during a handover, may be lost, in which
case they will be sent again.

12. Teleservices

13. Teleservices
 Fax transmissions are possible via a PLMN only
with a Fax-group3 (14.4 kbps).
 Two modes are available:
 Manual mode allows to switch alternatively from
voice transmission to fax transmission,
 Automatic mode allows to send and receive a fax
without any human intervention;
 However, voice transmission is impossible in
this mode.

14. Teleservices

15. Teleservices
 Connections can be made with a suitable
data/fax kit adaptation either to other
Mobile Station or to other data users on
circuit-switched (PSTN).
 In the case of making a Fax-call to a PSTN
subscriber, the GSM network automatically
selects the suitable modem for the link to
the similar modem at the remote end.

16. Teleservices

17. Teleservices
 Another service derived from telephony is voice
messaging. Many operators offer it as a basic
feature.
 It enables a voice message to be stored for later
retrieval by the mobile recipient, either because
he was not reachable at time of the call or
because the calling party choose to access the
voice mailbox of the GSM subscriber directly.

18. Supplementary Services
 Line Identification
 Call Transfer and Call
Forwarding
 Waiting / Hold and Multi Party
 Call Barring
 Call Completion (CCBS)
 Advice of Charge

19. Supplementary Services

20. Supplementary Services
 Calling line identification presentation (CLIP) provides the
ability to indicate the number of the calling party with possible
additional address information to the called party. This identity is
provided to the called subscriber before answering, thus enabling
him to make the decision of whether to take the call or not.
 Calling line identification restriction (CLIR) enables the
calling party not to send any address information to the called party.
 Connected line identification restriction (CoLR) enables the
called party not to send its phone number to the calling party.
 Calling Name Presentation (CNAP) provides the calling party
name instead of the ISDN number. However, this service is not yet
specified by GSM recommendations.

21. Supplementary Services

22. Supplementary Services
 Call forwarding unconditional (CFU) allows a called mobile subscriber
to have the network send all incoming calls, which are addressed to the
called mobile subscriber’s directory number, to another directory number.
 Call forwarding on mobile subscriber busy (CFB ): allows a called
mobile subscriber to have the network send the incoming calls, which are
addressed to the called mobile subscriber’s directory number and which
meet mobile subscriber busy, definition to another directory number.
 Call forwarding on no reply (CFNRy) allows an called mobile
subscriber to have the network send the incoming calls, which are
addressed to the subscriber’s directory number and which meet no reply, to
another directory number.
 Call forwarding on MS not reachable (CFNRc ) provides for a mobile
subscriber to have the network send all incoming calls, which are addressed
to the called mobile directory number and meet the not reachable definition,
to another directory number.

23. Supplementary Services

24. Supplementary Services
 Call waiting (CW ): provides a mobile subscriber with the possibility of
being notified of an incoming call while his mobile telephone is in the busy
state. Subsequently, the user can either answer, reject, or ignore the
incoming call. Both the call waiting and call hold (described further) options
are the same as those offered by the PSTN.
 Call Hold (HOLD): allows a served mobile subscriber to interrupt
communication on an existing call and then subsequently, if desired, to
reestablish communication.
 Multi party service (MPTY) :
 This Supplementary Service provides a mobile subscriber with the ability to have
a multi-connection call, in other words a simultaneous communication with more
than one party.
 A precondition for the multi-party service is that the served mobile subscriber is
in control of one active call and one call on hold, both calls having been
answered. In this situation the served mobile subscriber can request the network
to begin the multiParty service.
 Once a multiParty call is active, remote parties may be added, disconnected or
separated (i.e.. removed from the multiParty call but remain connected to the
served mobile subscriber).
 The maximum number of remote parties is 5.

25. Supplementary Services

26. Supplementary Services
 Barring of all outgoing call (BAOC ): makes it
possible for a mobile subscriber to prevent all outgoing
calls.
 BOIC except those directed to the home PLMN
country (BOIC-exHC)
 Barring of all incoming international (BAIC) .
 Barring of all incoming calls when roaming
outside the home GSM network country (BIC-
Roam): makes it possible for a mobile subscriber to
prevent all incoming calls that would otherwise be
terminated at his directory number. This only applies to
the case when the mobile subscriber roams outside his
home GSM network.

27. Supplementary Services

28. Supplementary Services
 Completion of calls to busy subscribers
(CCBS): allows a calling mobile subscriber who
encounters a busy called subscriber to be
notified by the system operator when the busy
called subscriber becomes free and have the
operator re-initiate the call if the caller so
desires.
 This feature has to be supported by both the
originating and the terminating networks.

29. Supplementary Services

30. Supplementary Services
 Advice of charge Information (AoCI) :
informs the user of the real-time information on
progress of the cost of the call.
 Advice of charge Charging (AoCC) : the
mobile may be a money-operated mobile
telephone or a standard mobile station that can
display the charging information and can accept
either coins or charge a credit-card.

31. Intelligent Network
Services
IN and CAMEL
 Main IN Services:
 Personal Number
 Virtual Private Network (VPN)
 Sponsored Cell & Call
 Prepaid Calling
 Location Inquiry
 Geo Zone

32. Intelligent Network
Services
IN and CAMEL
 The aim of the CAMEL (Customized
Application for Mobile network Enhanced
Logic) is to provide GSM network operators
with the ability to create specific services in
their home network, and export these
services to their subscribers when roaming
outside the home network.
 CAMEL introduces the ability to provide
location dependent IN type of services to
mobiles subscribers.

33. Intelligent Network (IN)
 The Intelligent Network or IN is a switching network concept.
 Its idea is to make GSM services system an open system; that is to
say new services modules can always be added on the previous
system without changing its architecture.
 Basic call processing is performed by the switch and when it
recognizes that a call requires an IN service, this service processing is
provided by another entity, located either in the same site or in a
remote site.
 This concept allows to implement numerous new services such as:
 Personal Number: gives the GSM subscribers more control over incoming
calls,
 Virtual Private Network: a set of corporate services that enables similar
functions to those of private network, among a group of GSM subscribers,
 Sponsored Cell and Call: allows a third party, as sponsor, to play
announcement at the beginning of the call,
 Prepaid Calling: allows subscriber to pay in advance for the calls they will
make.

34. Customized Application for
Mobile network Enhanced Logic
(CAMEL)
 To communicate between Intelligent Network
platforms, GSM specifications define CAMEL
(Customized Application for Mobile network Enhanced
Logic).
 The aim of the CAMEL is to provide network operators
with the ability to create specific services in their home
network, and export these services to their
subscribers when roaming outside the home network.
 CAMEL introduces the ability to provide location
dependent IN type of services to mobiles subscribers:
Location Enquiry and Geo Zone.

35. IN Services: Virtual Private
Network

36. IN Services: Virtual Private
Network
 Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a set of corporate services that
enables private network like features among a group of GSM
subscribers and wireline users; thus, corporations can distribute GSM
phones to their employees, providing them with many of the services
that they use on their existing corporate network:
 Private Numbering Plan: subscribers can reach all members
of the corporate private network, GSM as well as wireline, by
dialing their usual internal number instead of the longer, harder to
remember, public number.
 Off Net Calling: subscribers are allowed to call public numbers
that are outside the corporate private network.
 Forced On Net Calling: when a subscriber makes a call to a
member of the corporate private network using their public
number (he must also be provisioned with Off Net Calling), the
feature recognizes the call as a private call and treats it as such
(appropriate billing, etc.).

37. IN Services: Virtual Private
Network
 White (/Black) List Screening: subscribers with White (/ Black) List, can
only (/ can not) place calls to numbers listed on it.
 Geographic Routing: specific numbers can be configured to route calls
differently depending on the location of the caller.
 Time Screening (/ Routing): some specific numbers can be configured
to restrict access (/ to route calls differently) depending on the time of
the day, day of the week, day of the year or whether the day is a
statutory holiday.
 Privileged Routing: specific numbers can be configured to route calls
differently depending on the identity of the caller.
 Closer user group (CUG): provides the possibility for a group of
subscribers, connected to the GSM network and or to the PSTN/ISDN,
to communicate only among themselves or receive external calls;
emergency calls still are available.

38. IN Services: Prepaid
Calling

39. IN Services: Prepaid
Calling
 Prepaid Calling enables subscribers to control their phone call
expenditure, by deciding how much to spend and limiting
themselves to that amount if required.
 Subscribers pay in advance for their calls and get their calls
released when the balance becomes null; thus, subscribers get a
cost-control (useful for rental companies, hotels, special events,
parents wanting to give mobiles to their children).
 With Prepaid Calling, subscribers are able to:
 Make and receive calls (service is totally transparent to the subscriber
during normal use),
 Be notified of a low balance or a pending expiry date (if the threshold is
reached, the subscriber can be notified by warning tones before the
call is taken down),
 Use Voice Mail,
 Query the status of their account at any time from any phone and
recharge their account.

40. IN Services: Prepaid
Calling
 The subscriber can also be informed of his account
balance and of the cost of his last call, at the end of each
call, via a short message.
 Additionally, the Operator can apply different rates to
calls and manage the life of prepaid subscriptions.
 Nortel’s prepaid solution currently supports all major
recharging options, for increased service usage and
enhanced customer satisfaction:
 Automatically, by vouchers (e.g. scratch card),
 Automatically, by credit card,
 Manually (through Customer Services), by any means of
payment.

41. IN Services: Sponsored Cell
& Call

42. IN Services: Sponsored Cell
& Call
 Sponsored Cell & Call allows a third party (the sponsor) to play a
promotional announcement at the beginning of a call and for this service, pays
for part of the ongoing call.
 The main features of Sponsored Cell & Call are:
 Choice to sponsor the call & choice of sponsor based on one or more of the
following:
 The calling party location,
 The calling party profile (age ...),
 Time of day, day of week,
 Destination (emergency, freephone ...).
 Sponsor can change his announcement on the phone.
 User can specify certain destinations as not sponsored.
 User can have the choice of having his call sponsored or not.
 User can cut through the announcement, but the call is not sponsored.
 User can be prevented from cutting through the announcement.

43. IN Services: Location
Inquiry

44. IN Services: Location
Inquiry
 Location Inquiry provides GSM subscribers with information on where to
locate useful services in their current area.
 It enables easy connection to any service they are interested in and wish to
talk to.
 However, while GSM subscribers are out of the office or away from home,
they do not have access to this information easily e.g. yellow pages, guides.
 Most of time, they may be even more reliant on this information because they
often are in a foreign environment, e.g. in another part of town or out of town.
 The Location Inquiry service brings in a third party known as the “Advertiser”
who seeks to sell their products/services using the operator’s network.
 Location Inquiry may also list services such as hospitals, doctors,
pharmacies, etc. and be promoted as a personal security service.
 The main features of Location Inquiry are:
 Location dependent information based on subscriber’s cell,
 Possible customization of the announcement by the advertiser (special offer of the day...).

45. IN Services: Geo Zone

46. IN Services: Geo Zone
 The main features of the outgoing side of Geo
Zone are:
 Zone dependent tariffing of outgoing calls:
 up to 4 zones per subscriber,
 each zone has its own tariff,
 Information on the current zone available to the
subscriber via:

announcement or tones at the beginning of the call,
 optionally by a display on the mobile (in which case it
must support it, which means specific development on
the handset).

47. IN Services: Geo Zone

48. IN Services: Geo Zone
 The main features of the incoming side of Geo Zone
are:
 Routing of incoming calls according to the subscriber’s
location:
 if the subscriber is in his Geo Zone, the call is routed to his mobile
handset, thus he does not have to pay anything,

if the subscriber is out of his Geo Zone, the call can be either routed to
his voice-mail, or to his mobile handset; in the last case the subscriber
pays for the forwarding leg,
 Information on the current zone available to the
subscriber, when receiving a call via:

announcement or tones before the call is connected.

49. Channels
 Channel can be Signaling or for Traffic
 These are of two types
 Downlink
 Uplink

50. TCH/F - Traffic Channel Full Rate
 The Full Rate channel in GSM is identified as a
22.8Kbps gross bit rate channel. This channel
is bidirectional enabling the transfer of speech
or circuit switched data. Signaling associated
with this traffic channel will be carried on either
the SACCH (Slow Associated Control Channel)
or the FACCH (Fast Associated Control
Channel). The latest releases of GSM include
EDGE (Enhanced Data rates for Global
Evolution) functionality which increases the
gross rate.

51. FACCH - Fast Associated Control
Channel
 The Fast Associated Control Channel
appears in place of the traffic channel
when lengthy signaling is required
between a GSM mobile and the network
while the mobile is in call. The channel is
indicated by use of the stealing flags in
the normal burst. Typical signaling where
this may be employed is during cell
handover.

52. SACCH - Slow Associated Control
Channel
 A GSM signalling channel that provides a
relatively slow signalling connection. The
SACCH is associated with either a traffic
or dedicated channel. The SACCH can
also be used to transfer SMS (Short
Message Service) messages if
associated with a traffic channel.

53. BCCH - Broadcast Control Channel
 This downlink channel contains specific
parameters needed by a mobile in order
that it can identify the network and gain
access to it. Typical information includes
the LAC (Location Area Code) and RAC
(Routing Area Code), the MNC (Mobile
Network Code) and BA (BCCH
Allocation) list.

54. ACCH - Associated Control
Channel
 The GSM signalling channels associated with
a user’s traffic channel or dedicated signalling
channel. Two ACCH are defined for GSM
Circuit Switched operation. These are SACCH
(Slow Associated Control Channel) and
FACCH (Fast Associated Control Channel). In
GPRS packet operation, a ACCH is allocated
in conjunction with a PDTCH (Packet Data
Traffic Channel) and is termed a PACCH
(Packet Associated Control Channel).

55. DCCH - Dedicated Control Channel
(GSM)
 These channels are used for signaling
between the network and the mobile.
They comprise of the SDCCH
(Standalone Dedicated Control
Channel), the SACCH (Slow Associated
Control Channel) and the FACCH (Fast
Associated Control Channel).

56. DCCH - Dedicated Control Channel
(UMTS)
 A UMTS (Universal Mobile
Telecommunication System) point to
point bidirectional channel that transmits
dedicated control information between a
UE (User Equipment) and the network.
This channel is established through the
RRC (Radio Resource Control)
connection setup procedure.

57. AGCH - Access Grant Channel
 The Access Grant Channel is used
to assign resources to a user
requesting access to the network.
These resources will include the
dedicated channel to be used
along with timing advance
information.

58. PCH - Paging Channel (Generic)
 The Paging Channel is used to alert
a mobile that there is a call or text
message waiting. The alert is
broadcast from all cells within a
given area.

59. PACCH - Packet Associated
Control Channel
 The Packet Associated Control Channel
conveys signalling information related to
a given GPRS mobile such as
acknowledgements and power control
information. The PACCH also carries
resource assignment and reassignment
messages.

60. SCH - Synchronization Channel
 The Synchronization Channel is a
downlink signal channel used for
cell search and conveying of
synchronization information.