Plenary: Group Report Part 1 Teacher working Conditions and Motivation (at School Level) Presentation to 9th International Policy Dialogue Forum 5-7 December 2016 Siem Reap, Cambodia

1. TEACHER MOTIVATION &
WORKING CONDITIONS
Breakout session B

2. WHY FOCUS ON TEACHER
WORKING CONDITIONS?
Increasing demand for qualified teachers has raised
issues of teacher motivation.
Attracting and retaining good teachers – an
overarching concern.
Positive Correlation between working conditions and
teacher motivation indicates the need to improve
working conditions.

3. 5 LEVERS OF WORKING
CONDITIONS
(AT SCHOOL LEVEL)
Teacher
Working
Conditions
Classroom
School
Parent/Community
Profession
Individual

4. CHALLENGES - CLASSROOM
Class size
Language
Learning needs
 Special & Disability
Formative assessments
Multi-grade
Teaching & Learning Materials
Student Absenteeism
Student Behavior/Classroom Management

5. CHALLENGES – SCHOOL
Head Teacher Support/
Coaching
 Feedback
 Opportunities
 Inclusive environment
Facilities/Infrastructure
 Toilets, staffroom, electricity
etc.
School Conditions
 Location - urban/rural
 Safety
 Support from district/local
bodies
Belongingness
Peer collaboration
Extra responsibilities
Access to Professional
Development within school
Multi-shift teaching

6. CHALLENGES –
PARENT/COMMUNITY
Involvement & Ownership of
Parents/Community
Strength of School Mgmt Committees & Parent
Teacher Associations

7. CHALLENGES – PROFESSION
Prestige/Status
 Recognition/Respect
Salary
Autonomy
Career Path
Research/Learning opportunities
 Action Research
Constructive Feedback/Appraisal
Best practices

8. CHALLENGES –
INDIVIDUAL/TEACHER LIFE
Basic needs
 Physiological, Psychological Needs
Well-being
 Satisfaction
Attitudes, Values, Beliefs

9. POTENTIAL RECOMMENDATIONS -
CLASSROOM
Norms, Standards by International organizations being met
 Education Observatory
 Monitoring activities
 National, Local, Classroom levels
Collect, Synthesize & Disseminate evidence based best practices
& research
Engage International Donors to condition the grants on meeting
some basic international standards on the working conditions?
Foster collaboration among teachers
Engage parents and communities in classrooms
 Classroom management

10. POTENTIAL RECOMMENDATIONS -
SCHOOL
Set standards and Implement legal frameworks for working
conditions
Mandate practicum activities for pre-service teachers
Develop and use teacher MIS (across levels) to improve teacher
deployment
Have dialogues across ministries (education, finance etc) to
address school working conditions
Train school principals on pedagogy, instructional leadership
 Content, ICT, 21st century topics
Continuous PD for School Leaders

11. RECOMMENDATIONS –
PARENT/COMMUNITYStrengthen standards for SMCs, PTAs (as a support for teachers)
 Ensure meetings happen purposefully
 Enforce their authority
Develop and implement literacy programmes for un/under-
educated/illiterate groups
Train and Retain managers to better allocate teachers to school based
on familiarity with contexts
Include/Invite/Involve Students, Parents, Community, Private sector
stakeholders into school boards
Engage parents and communities
 Classroom management
 Volunteering system
Engage all communities beyond financial contribution

12. POTENTIAL RECOMMENDATIONS –
PROFESSIONNorms, Standards by International organizations
 Salaries
 Monitoring activities
 National, Local, Classroom levels
Collect and Use Comparable Data on Professional aspects (salaries etc) to
influence decision making
Ensure full participation of teacher task force to the International Expert
Group on education workforce
Ensure that Salary standards enable a good standard of living
Facilitate Social Dialogue between Teacher unions
 Legal framework
Consistently enforce recognition, reward systems for committed teachers

13. POTENTIAL RECOMMENDATIONS –
PROFESSIONFoster collaboration among teachers & educators, academics
 Professional networks
 Communities of Practice
 Peer to Peer learning
Empower teachers to carry out action research within/beyond
classrooms
 Develop capacity
Treat rural teachers as a special group
 Devise special support systems for them
 Resource plan for them
 Special focus/ Prioritization for this group

14. POTENTIAL RECOMMENDATION –
INDIVIDUAL
Foster collaboration among teachers
 Professional networks
 Communities of Practice
 Peer to Peer learning
 Working groups
 Conferences
Create forums for teachers to come together to show their best
practices
Strengthen teacher associations
Have teacher celebration days periodically – excursions, talent
shows etc.

15. OVERARCHING
RECOMMENDATIONS
School Professional & Career Development
 HT training, coaching, feedback, appraisal
 Learning opportunities like action research
Teacher basic needs
 Infrastructures ( sanitary facilities, teaching/learning material, classrooms)
 Salary: good standard of living
 Treat rural teachers as a special group
Teacher Professional forums
 Peer to peer learning, best practices sharing, communities of practice
Community Engagement & Participation
 SMCs, PTAs, Interest groups