Groundnut, also known as wonder legume and badam, is an important oilseed crop grown in India. It has a chromosome number of 2n=40 and is native to Brazil. Groundnut is commonly intercropped with rice, castor, maize, pigeonpea, chilli and citrus. It requires sandy loam soil with good drainage. The package of practices for groundnut involves sowing from June to January, using a seed rate of 100-120 kg/ha. Nutrient management includes applying NPK of 40:60:40 kg/ha along with zinc. Weed management involves manual weeding at 15-20 and 30-35 days after sowing. Groundnut is harvested

1. GROUNDNUT-
PACKAGE OF
PRACTICES
RANI LAKSHMI BAI CENTRAL AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY,JHANSI
SUBMITTED TO:
Dr. Artika Singh Kushwaha,
Scientist, Agronomy
SUBMITTED BY:
Shalini Shukla
Ag/063/17

2. Botanical name: Arachis hypogea
Common name: wonder legume, badam,
mungphali, king of vegetable oilseeds in
India
Chromosome no: 2n=40
Area(2013): 5.2mha
Production (2017-18): 92.53 mha
Origin: Brazil
Soil: Sandy loam & loam soil & in black
soil with good drainage

3. PACKAGE
OF
PRACTICES
SOWING
MANAGEMENT
NUTRIENT
MANAGEMENT
WATER
MANAGEMENT
WEED
MANAGEMENT
HARVESTING &
PROCESSING
YIELD

4. Season Kharif, Rabi (some areas)
Time of sowing Early June(kharif), mid Nov.(rabi), mid Dec.-mid Jan.(summer)
Method of sowing Drilling, dibbling
Seed rate (Kg/ha) 120 (bunch), 100 (semi- spreading & spreading)
Spacing 22.5-30cm X 10cm
Depth of sowing 5-7 cm(light soils), 4-5cm (heavy soils)
NOTE: Seed inoculation with Brady rhizobium (10kg seeds + 1 packet culture)

5.  RICE+GROUNDNUT (4:2)
 GROUNDNUT+CASTOR (5:1,7:1)
 GROUNDNUT+MAIZE (1:1)
 GROUNDNUT+PIGEONPEA (5:1)
 GROUNDNUT+CHILLI (2:2)
 GROUNDNUT+CITRUS
 GROUNDNUT+PINEAPPLE

6. N:P2O5:K2O =40:60:40 + ZnSO4(25 Kg/ha)
Gypsum= 500Kg/ha (flowering/peg formation)
Critical stage = peg initiation stage
Method = all basal (rainfed), split dose of N@30DAS(irrigated)

7.  Critical stages- Flowering, peg development & pod formation stage
 Drainage is must.
 No. of irrigations: rainfed- 3(25,45 &75DAS), irrigated- 8

8. Common weeds: Celosia argentea , Digiteria sanguinalis, Dactyloctenium
aegyptium
Critical period: 35DAS
Manual weeding (15-20 DAS & 30-35 DAS)
NOTE: Interculture operations should not be done at peg initiation stage.
Oxadiazon+dinoseb (1.7Kg/ha each) – effective weed control.

9. Harvesting stage: leaves-yellow, shell- rough & hard, grain- pink
Method of harvesting: hand lifting(whole plant with pods) or digging them up
using hand hoe.
Moisture content: 36-50%
YIELD: 600-800Kg

10. PLUCKING(STRIPPING): manually or strippers
DRYING (CURING): field drying(avoided), mechanical methods
SHELLING: manual(very common) or hand operated shellers
Moisture content (storage): 10%
NOTE: Sun drying is the common method but shade drying should be preferred
for better seed viability.

11.  COMMERCIAL STORAGE : <7% moisture content
 POD STORAGE : Effective against major pests. Dusting of malathion 5% on bags
surface.
 KERNEL STORAGE : to economise space. Dusting with attapulgite -based clay
dust.

12. Seed crushing: ghanies
Solvent extraction: Extract major portion of oil from oil cake obtained from
ghanies. After this, the oil is refined and purified for consumption.

13. Oil content: 48-51% (jyoti-53%)
Seed index: 30g(TMV 2)-78g(M 13)
Shelling % =percentage of kernels to pod by weight, 68-76%

14.  Agronomy of field crops- S.R. reddy, Y. Reddi Ramu
 Ikisan.com
 www.kvkmokochung.in
 Agropedia.iitk.ac.in
 Agritech.tnau.ac.in