This document discusses and compares green open access (self-archiving published works in repositories) and gold open access (publishing in open access journals that are freely available online). It provides definitions of these terms from various organizations. It also outlines recent open access policies from funding bodies and governments in the UK, Europe, US, and Australia that generally support both green and gold open access. Empirical evidence is presented that open access articles tend to receive more downloads and citations than articles hidden behind paywalls. Instructions are given for authors to self-archive works in La Trobe University's research repository to provide green open access.
Going for Gold and Greener Pastures: Open Access Explained
Presentation by Lisa Kruesi, Helen Morgan and Andrew Heath from The University of Queensland Scholarly Publishing and Digititisation Service for Open Access Week, October 2012.
This presentation in intended to introduce Open Access (OA); the OA movement; OA advantages for authors, institutions and society; OA business models and publishing in OA; important tools for research and publishing; and other ‘open’ initiatives.
Going for Gold and Greener Pastures: Open Access Explained
Presentation by Lisa Kruesi, Helen Morgan and Andrew Heath from The University of Queensland Scholarly Publishing and Digititisation Service for Open Access Week, October 2012.
This presentation in intended to introduce Open Access (OA); the OA movement; OA advantages for authors, institutions and society; OA business models and publishing in OA; important tools for research and publishing; and other ‘open’ initiatives.
Information repackaging is a process to repackage the analyzed, consolidate information in that form which is more suitable & usable for library users. Customization of information taking into account the needs and characteristics of the individual or user groups and matching them with the information to be provided so that diffusion of information occurs.
In academia, the pressure to publish is high and the competition intense. This can lead authors to follow unethical publication practices, such as salami slicing, duplicate publication, and simultaneous submission. This slide deck explains these malpractices and shares tips on how authors can avoid them.
Impact Factor Journals as per JCR, SNIP, SJR, IPP, CiteScoreSaptarshi Ghosh
Journal-level metrics
Metrics have become a fact of life in many - if not all - fields of research and scholarship. In an age of information abundance (often termed ‘information overload’), having a shorthand for the signals for where in the ocean of published literature to focus our limited attention has become increasingly important.
Research metrics are sometimes controversial, especially when in popular usage they become proxies for multidimensional concepts such as research quality or impact. Each metric may offer a different emphasis based on its underlying data source, method of calculation, or context of use. For this reason, Elsevier promotes the responsible use of research metrics encapsulated in two “golden rules”. Those are: always use both qualitative and quantitative input for decisions (i.e. expert opinion alongside metrics), and always use more than one research metric as the quantitative input. This second rule acknowledges that performance cannot be expressed by any single metric, as well as the fact that all metrics have specific strengths and weaknesses. Therefore, using multiple complementary metrics can help to provide a more complete picture and reflect different aspects of research productivity and impact in the final assessment. ( Elsevier)
This presentation was given at the Library Research Forum at La Trobe University, Melbourne, on 25 October 2013. Issues covered include what is green open access, what is gold open access, the scene in the UK, Europe, US and Australia. What are funding bodies doing to encourage open access? What is La Trobe University doing?
Information repackaging is a process to repackage the analyzed, consolidate information in that form which is more suitable & usable for library users. Customization of information taking into account the needs and characteristics of the individual or user groups and matching them with the information to be provided so that diffusion of information occurs.
In academia, the pressure to publish is high and the competition intense. This can lead authors to follow unethical publication practices, such as salami slicing, duplicate publication, and simultaneous submission. This slide deck explains these malpractices and shares tips on how authors can avoid them.
Impact Factor Journals as per JCR, SNIP, SJR, IPP, CiteScoreSaptarshi Ghosh
Journal-level metrics
Metrics have become a fact of life in many - if not all - fields of research and scholarship. In an age of information abundance (often termed ‘information overload’), having a shorthand for the signals for where in the ocean of published literature to focus our limited attention has become increasingly important.
Research metrics are sometimes controversial, especially when in popular usage they become proxies for multidimensional concepts such as research quality or impact. Each metric may offer a different emphasis based on its underlying data source, method of calculation, or context of use. For this reason, Elsevier promotes the responsible use of research metrics encapsulated in two “golden rules”. Those are: always use both qualitative and quantitative input for decisions (i.e. expert opinion alongside metrics), and always use more than one research metric as the quantitative input. This second rule acknowledges that performance cannot be expressed by any single metric, as well as the fact that all metrics have specific strengths and weaknesses. Therefore, using multiple complementary metrics can help to provide a more complete picture and reflect different aspects of research productivity and impact in the final assessment. ( Elsevier)
This presentation was given at the Library Research Forum at La Trobe University, Melbourne, on 25 October 2013. Issues covered include what is green open access, what is gold open access, the scene in the UK, Europe, US and Australia. What are funding bodies doing to encourage open access? What is La Trobe University doing?
O Futuro da Biblioteconomia no Brasil: Workshop Interativo
Quando: 07 de outubro de 2015 – 10h – 15h
Onde: Auditório do INRAD
Instituto de Radiologia do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da USP
Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, s/nº – Rua 1 – Cerqueira César – São Paulo, SP.
Slides from a webinar for the Royal Society of Chemistry on 24th February 2016.
See the URI below to access the full report from the RSC survey "The role of libraries in open access publishing":
http://www.rsc.org/campaigns/m/lc/lc16013/open-access/
We often hear that we are in a transitional phase of open access publishing, but it is not always clear how we will reach a fully open access environment, what that will look like and what it means for scholarly research. This webinar will draw insights from a librarian survey we ran in 2015, discussing areas where librarians feel a lack of confidence and presenting technical and policy developments.
Register to gain a deeper understanding of:
• The historical and political context of scholarly publishing
• Funder and other policy requirements for Open Access (e.g. HEFCE and RCUK in the UK, Horizon2020 in Europe and NIH is the USA)
• Developing models of OA including “Gold”, “Green” and “hybrid”
• Jisc support services for OA
• Social media and OA – e.g. “Altmetrics” (alternative metrics) as potential indicators of impact beyond the traditional readership of scholarly material
Presentation at the American Association of Publishers Professional and Scholarly Publishing Division conference in February 2016 on the coming cost of open access compliance, and how we can reduce it
A presentation made to the U.S. Food & Drug Administration’s Office of Science & Engineering Laboratories on the current state of open access in the United States and how DOAJ is tackling issues of quality in open access publishing
OpenAccess policies as tools for innovative research and educational challenges.Università di Padova
Intervention to the International Conference
The future of political science: an international and interdisciplinary conversation, Università degli Studi di Padova, 14-15 december 2012.
Presented at the Regional Workshop “Benefits of Open Access for Research Dissemination, Usage, Visibility and Impact” – 22 to 23 November 2010,
Pretoria (South Africa).
Open access for the inaugural @OpenResLDN meeting 2015 01 19Chris Banks
Slides that I will speak to at the inaugural meeting of OpenResLDN on 19th January 2015. January 2015 sees the 350th anniversary of the first ever journal publication - the Journal des Savants. We are now in the 21st year of the Open Access movement and the UK and European policies are really beginning to drive change and innovation. That change is not fast enough for some, and for others - particularly those covered by the policies, or seeking to implement policy - just a little too fast sometimes.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdf
Green v Gold Open Access
1. Green v Gold Open access publishing
Simon Huggard
Digital Infrastructure Manager
International Open Access Week
Library Research Forum
25 October 2013
latrobe.edu.au
CRICOS Provider 00115M
2. Definitions – Green open access
sherpa.ac.uk/romeoinfo.html
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3. Definitions – Gold open access – Paid Open Access
sherpa.ac.uk/romeoinfo.html
• Some publishers are now offering … enhanced visibility
of the final article through … free-to-view archiving
• Typically involves a substantial additional fee
• In some cases, the option simply consists of making the
published version freely available from the publisher's
own server, without any other rights or permissions
being granted. In others, material is still placed under
an embargo
• Neither of these facilities can be counted as real "open
access"
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4. Publisher definitions – Wiley1
• Self-archiving (Green Open Access): Option of an author selfarchiving the Manuscript version after a 12 month embargo
period from publication in a repository
• Pay to publish (Hybrid Open Access): Wiley’s “pay to publish”
(OnlineOpen option) - means that an article from a
subscription journal becomes Open Access by a payment of
a publication fee (currently $3000 per article)
• Wiley’s Open Access Journals (Gold Open Access): These incur
Article Processing Charges for the article to be published.
Then freely available online via the Open Access journal site
(along with ALL articles in that journal)
olabout.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Section/id-406074.html (viewed 17 Oct 2013)
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5. aoasg.org.au/resources/faq-about-open-access/
•
What is Green Open Access? Researchers can deposit a
version of their published work into a subject-based repository
or an institutional repository. Every university in Australia has a
repository for this purpose.
•
What is Gold Open Access? Alternatively researchers can
publish in an open access journal, where the publisher of a
scholarly journal provides free online access. Business models
for this form of OA vary. In some cases, the publisher charges
the author’s institution or funding body an article processing
charge (APC). All Public Library of Science (PLoS) journals use
this model.
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6. Finch report - UK
June 2012, Commissioned by UK Govt (chaired Dame Janet Finch)
• a clear policy direction should be set towards support for publication in open
access or hybrid journals, funded by APCs [article processing charges] … as
the main vehicle for the publication of research
• proposes spending £60 million a year to make all publicly-funded research
free to access
10 Sept 2013 - UK Business, Innovation and Skills Committee:
• Gold open access is a desirable ultimate goal, focusing on it during the
transition to a fully open access world is a mistake
• reconsider preference for Gold Open Access during the five year transition
period, give due regard to the evidence of the vital role that Green Open
Access and repositories have to play as the UK moves towards full OA
• reinstate and strengthen the immediate deposit mandate in its original policy
and improve the monitoring and enforcement of mandated deposit
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7. SCONUL * Sept 2013 Briefing on mandatory OA policies
• Most UK institutions working on raising awareness of
OA requirements
• Most have published OA policies
• Of 8 case studies (SCONEL 2013), only 1 pref. Green OA
• Many actively promoting the green route in line with
RCUK policy.
• Library or IT hold the Gold OA funds
• Funds allocated on a first come-first served basis
•
The Society of College, National and University Libraries (SCONUL) represents all university libraries in the UK
and Ireland. sconul.ac.uk/page/briefing-on-mandatory-openaccesspolicies
•
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8. Europe & US
• European Commission: Horizon 2020 research funding programmes: both
the Green and Gold models are considered valid approaches to achieve open
access
• Supports the shift of payment from subscribers to authors (Gold Open
Access).
• Respects the rights of publishers to place embargoes on self-archiving in
repositories
• US Government: Feb 2013 memorandum from the U.S. Government's Office
of Science and Technology Policy requiring public access to federally funded
data.
• Federal agencies with more than $100M in R&D expenditures [must] develop
plans to make … federally funded research freely available to the public
within one year of publication.
(2013) Fuchs, C and Sandoval , M. The Diamond Model of Open Access Publishing: Why Policy Makers, Scholars, Universities, Libraries,
Labour Unions and the Publishing World Need to Take Non-Commercial, Non-Profit Open Access Serious tripleC 13(2): 428-443
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9. Australia - Recent Mandates
• NHMRC revised policy on dissemination of research findings
NHMRC requires that any publications arising from an NHMRC
supported research project must be deposited into an open
access institutional repository within a twelve month period
from the date of publication. [2012]
•
nhmrc.gov.au/grants/policy/dissemination-research-findings
• ARC open access policy
• The overarching aim of ARC’s Policy is to ensure that findings of
publicly funded research are made available to the wider public
as soon as possible. Both the research community and public
gain from knowledge derived from ARC funded research, and
both wish to derive maximum benefit from these outputs [2013]
arc.gov.au/applicants/open_access.htm
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10. Australia
Warwick Anderson, CEO, NHMRC – 18 Sep 2013:
• National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) mandate that
all publications from research we’ve funded be openly accessible. We
and … the Australian Research Council, are flexible on how it’s done,
as long as the paper is made available.
• Researchers may opt for Green self archiving … or Gold
• The Open Access movement is having a significant impact on how we
measure the impact of scientific research
• The NHMRC moved away from using journal impact factors in 2008
• Focusing more on the quality of a few papers, rather than just
counting the total number of publications and being overly influenced
by the reputation of the journal, can help ameliorate the publishmore-and-more syndrome
Anderson, W. (18 Sep 2013). Quality not quantity: measuring the impact of published research. The Conversation
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11. Issues
• Do authors retain copyright over their published
material?
• How many author manuscript versions are in our
repository?
• How do we compare nationally?
• What works elsewhere?
• How serious are we about providing open access
publications?
• Is there a positive correlation between open access
and citations?
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12. Empirical evidence
• Many articles state that downloads are higher for OA articles than in
subscription databases
• More downloads = more readers? More readers = more citations?
• Moed, H. (2012). Behind the data. Research Trends, Issue 28. Accessed 25
Oct 2013: http://www.researchtrends.com/category/issue28-may-2012/
• Gargouri, Y, Harnad, S. et al. (2010). Self-selected or mandated, open access
increases citation impact for higher quality research. PLoS ONE, 5(10).
Accessed 24 Oct 2013.
http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0
013636
• David, P., et al. (2008). Open access publishing, article downloads and
citations.. BMJ, 337.
• Swan, A. (2010) The Open Access citation advantage: Studies and results to
date. ECS EPrints, 17 Feb 2010, 343-345.
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14. Ithaka S+R | Jisc | RLUK UK Survey of Academics 2012
UK wide survey of academics spotlights researchers' reliance on
Open Access:
• A major survey of UK Academics released on 29 May 2013
examined the attitudes of researchers and practitioners
working within higher education. It shed light on behaviours,
reliance on digital technologies, the Internet and Open Access.
• The survey, funded by JISC and RLUK received 3,498 responses.
Overarching themes included: increasing reliance on the
Internet for research and publishing and the strong role that
openness is playing in their work. Key findings include: access
limitations, use of open resources, following one's peers and
emergence of e-publications
jisc.ac.uk/news/stories/2013/05/jisc-rluk-ithaka-survey.aspx
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16. Green Open Access in La Trobe’s Research Repository
(Research Online)
• Authors can upload their manuscript version (or email)
• The Repository staff will:
• Check copyright
• Check publisher permissions (for La Trobe)
• Link to the published version
• Make any alternate versions available (if you have
provided them)
• Self-deposit form: latrobe.edu.au/researchonline
• repository@latrobe.edu.au
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Editor's Notes
I first would like to cover a definition of what Green open access is. Our repository team use the Sherpa/Romeo database to check standard licence conditions for publishers, to see if manuscript/pre-print works or publisher versions can be deposited in an institutional repository (and if there is a standard embargo period).The Sherpa site colour codes publisher agreements based on various criteria. They have Green as : You can archive the pre-print AND post-print or publisher’s version/PDF
For Gold open access, the Sherpa site classifies this as Paid Open Access. They don’t have a gold open access classification.
Wiley sees Green Open access as being one with a 12 month embargo. The Library (and Sherpa) see Green Open access as fully open from day one (no embargo). The Hybrid Open access model is common. This is a payment option to be open on the publisher’s site from day one. Other articles are closed access (hence hybrid).The gold open access model for Wiley is the fully open model (paid for by Article Processing Fees).
Why are we all talking about Gold Open access, Article Processing Fees and Green Open access?These issues are a hot topic now due to mandatory deposit requirements from funding bodies in the UK, US, Europe and Australia.The Finch report in the UK really shook things up a lot in 2012. The Finch report recommended a lot of things, but proposed actual extra funding to ensure that papers were published in the right journals but with publisher open access (gold open access). Since then, they have changed their mind a bit.
The situations in Europe and the US are interesting. Europe focused again on gold open access. The US has really pushed for green open access with strong mandatory deposit policies.
Recent mandates by the NHMRC and ARC have fuelled the debate (and changes) in Australia
Warwick Anderson covered some of these issues recently in The Conversation (18 Sep 2013)
