Greece is a peninsular country located in Southern Europe, bordering the Ionian Sea and Mediterranean Sea. It has over 3,000 islands and a coastline of over 15,000 km. Greece has a mountainous terrain and Greek Orthodox Christianity is the dominant religion. The official language is Greek, which has significantly influenced other languages through its words and terms. Traditional Greek culture includes festivals like Carnival, customs like baptism, and foods like lamb, fish, bread and wine.

4.  is a country located in Southern Europe
 is surrounded on the north by Bulgaria,
the Republic of Macedonia and Albania
 bordering the Ionian Sea
 and the Mediterranean Sea

5.  It is a peninsular country, possessing an
archipelago of about 3,000 islands.
Greece's coastline measures
15,021 km (9,334 mi).

6.  80% of Greece is mountainous
 Mount Olympus is the highest peak in Greece.

7. Western Greece contains lakes
and wetlands.

8. Crete is the largest island of Greece and the
second largest, after Cyrus, in the Eastern
Mediterranean.
Greece has a very large number of islands,
most of them in the Aegean Sea.

10. • the cross symbolizes Eastern
Orthodox Christianity, the established
religion of the Greek people of Greece and
Cyprus.

11. According to popular tradition, the nine
stripes represent the nine syllables of
the phrase ("Freedom or Death").
The nine stripes symbolize the nine Muses.

13. Greek is the official language
of Greece, and is also one of the official
languages of the Republic of Cyprus.
It is commonly divided
into Ancient or Classical Greek (often
thought of as a dead language)
and Modern Greek.

14. Greek is one of the oldest
Indo European languages
and forms an independent
branch of the Indo
European language family
Like Latin, Greek has
influenced other languages
around the world,

15. It's estimated that
around 30% of the
English vocabulary
consists, directly and
indirectly, of words of
Classical Greek origin.
Most of them are
technical and scientific
terms.

16. aero from ἀήρ
[aeer], air
auto from αὐτός
[aftos], self
mono from μόνος
[monos], one alone
psych from ψυχή
[psychee], the mind
logy from λέγειν
[leyein], to speak
phone from φων
ή [phonee], sound
chrome from χρῶ
μα
[chroma], colour
Greek at the beginning of
a word:
Greek at the end of a
word:

17. The Greek language has three
genders: masculine, feminine
and neuter

18. • Good morning
Kalimera kah-lee-MEHR-rah
• Good afternoon / evening
Kalispera kah-lees-PEH-rah
• Good night
Kalinikta kah-lee-NEEK-tah
• Goodbye
kherete KHE-reh-tay
• Hello
Yassou YAH-sue
• How are you?
Ti kanis? tee-KAH-nis
• Well / good
Poli kala po-LEE kah-LAH
• Thank you
Efkharisto eff-kah-rees-TOH
• You're welcome / please
Parakalo pah-rah-kah-LOH

19. 0= Μηδέν (mee-then)
1= Ένα (ena)
2= Δύο (thee-o)
3= Τρία (trree-a)
4= Τέσσερα (tess-eh-
ra)
5= Πέντε (pen-dae)
6= Έξι (ex-ee)
7= επτά (ef-ta)
8= οκτώ (oct-o)
9= εννέα (en-ney-ah)
10= Δέκα (theh-ka)

21. Polytheistic religion
The ancient Greeks were
deeply religious people.
Greek Orthodox Church

22. The Greeks, to
show the gods
how important
they were, built
temples in every
town for one
god or goddess.
They were
homes for
statues of gods,
which were
cared for by
priests.

23.  Priests were
important
people in the
community.
They were
believed to
have the
power to talk
to the gods
and so were
respected
and trusted.
A priest
main job was
to look after
the temples
and the
visitors to the
temples.

24. Religion
Greek
Orthodox
Muslim
others

27.  FOOD
LAMB MEAT - is widely
used in the preparation
of Greek foods
PORK AND BEEF
MEAT -Beef was
very expensive.
• FISH - was the
main source of
protein in the
Greek diet.

28. Food in Ancient Greece was
consisted of wheat, barley, fruits,
vegetables and cake.
●They grew olives, grapes, figs and
wheat and kept goats, for milk and
cheese. They ate lots of bread, beans
and olives.
●WINE –
was the
main drink
in ancient
Greece.

29. ● Men went to the
Theatre for entertainment.
● Women in
Ancient Greece
were closely tied to
domestic work,
spinning, weaving
and other domestic
duties.

30. UPPER CLASS
●To be a member of
the upper class in
Athens you must be
a citizen, and you
can not have a job.
● A member of the upper class must
be free from economic tasks such as
trading.

31. MIDDLE CLASS
● The middle class in
Athens had a large
number of non citizens.
● They were mostly
professional men:
merchants, contractors,
manufacturers, manager,
craftsmen and artists.

32. LOWER CLASS
●The lower class was
partly made up of
freedmen
● The slave may be freed
by:
• his or her ransom
being paid off by a
relative or friend.
•Fights in a war
•Tutors a child

33. TRADITIONS IN GREECE
WEDDINGS
Their marriage symbolized:
LOVE, MUTUAL, RESPECT,
EQUALITY and SACRIFICE.
The wedding consist of three
parts:
1. PRE-WEDDING CEREMONIES
● Feast was held at the bride's father's home the day before
the wedding took place.
●bath -This event took place the morning of
the wedding day.

34. 2. WEDDING
1. Betrothal, or
the Engyésis. This
was an oral
petition that
literally means
'the giving of a
pledge into the
hand.'

35. POST – WEDDING
CEREMONIES
•journey
home- This
was the
time that the
father 'gave'
his daughter
to the
husband.

36. ●The baby doesn’t
have a name until it is
baptized.
● blessing the water
with olive oil.
● immersion of the
baby in water 3
times.
● 1st Holy
Communion.
Other Traditional Festivities:
BAPTISM

37. Carnival is called “Apokries”; it
consists of two weeks of feast,
beginning from the Sunday of Meat
Fare and ends with the start of Lent,
Carnival

38. Everyone is
costumed
and parties
in the streets
and bars,
throwing
coloured
confetti to
each other.
most famous Carnival
parades:
•city of Parta,
Carnival

39. GREEK TRADITIONAL SUPERSTITIONS:
BREAD-
is
considered
as a gift of
God;
KNIVES –
Greeks
never
hand
knives to
someone
who asks
for it.
SPITTING –
Greeks
believe that
spitting
chases the
devil and
the
misfortune
way.
“ Piase Kokkino”
(Touch Red) –
When two people
say the same thing
together they
immediately say
“Piase Kokkino”
one another and
both have to
touch any red
item they can find
around him.

40. ANCIENT GREEK COSTUMES

44. City States
• “Polis” in Greece
• It is like a country with just one
city in it.

45. 4 types of Government in
Greece
Monarc
hy
Rule of a
king
Oligarc
hy
Rule of
the few
TyrannyRule
without
legal
authority
Democr
acy
Rule of
the people

46. •Mycenaean
Period
•All city states
are ruled by
kings
•Homer’s Iliad
and Greek
Monarchy
Rule of a king

47. •After Dark
Ages
•Ruled by
aristocrats
or nobles
Oligarchy
Rule of the few

48. 510
B.C
TyrannyRule
without
legal
authority

49. • First created by
Athens
• Direct
democracy
Male
Citizens1. Attend
assembly
2. Right to
debate
3. Offer
amendment
4. Vote on
proposals
5. Vote on
• Female
citizens
• Slaves
• Foreigners
Democr
acy
Rule of
the people

50. Parliamentary
Democracy• People elect 300
parliamentary deputies
• Duties of the administration
given to political part who
can collect 151 seats or
more
• The president of the
winning political party wins
as Prime Minister

51. Alexis Tsipras
Prime
Minister

53. School
They had only one teacher
and about ten or twenty
boys.
Stylus – is a wooden pen that
has sharp end for writing and
flat end for rubbing out.

54. Education in Ancient Greece
Athens:
the purpose of education
was to produce citizens
Athenian boys also went
to 'wrestling school' each
day.

55. Until age 6 or so, boys
were taught at home by
their mother or by a
male slave.
primary school: two
important things to
learn– the words of
Homer and how to play
lyre.

56. Books were very expensive
and rare, so subjects were
read out-loud, and the boys
had to memorize everything.
Girls –They were educated in
housekeeping and how to look
after the family. The are not
allowed to go to school.

57. higher school : four years.
military school: (18 y.o)
two years

58. SPARTA :
EDUCATION
• The purpose of
education was
to produce a
well-drilled,
well-
disciplined
and marching
army.

59. Spartans - They were very loyal to the state of
Sparta. Every Spartan, male or female, was
required to have a perfect body.
slave (a helot)- unhealthy babies are trained for

60. Spartan Boys military school at age
6 or 7

62. Modern Education
The Greek educational system is
mainly divided into three levels
–Primary
–secondary
–Tertiary
–with an additional post-
secondary level
providing vocational
training.

63. All levels of education are
catered for by both private and
public schools.
State-run schools and
universities do not charge tuition
fees and textbooks are provided
free to all students.

65. The eras of the Greek
Literature:
Pre-classical era – This era
represents the ancient culture of
the Greeks and how the Literature
started.
Classical era – This
era represents the
“Dawn of the Drama”
Hellenistic era – This
was when the Greeks
started writing history

66. Pre-classical
Era
Use of poetry intended to be sung
Its subject was myth—part legend,
part folktale; and part religious
speculation.
Contribution
s

67. Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey
Hesiod’s Work of the Days
and Theogony

68. Classical Era
 Lyrical Poetry
Poetry-
Odes
Pastorals
Elegies
Epigrams
Dramatic presentations
of comedy and tragedy
History
Rhetorical-
Philosophical Dialectics
 Philosophical Treaties
Contribution
s

69. Lyric Poets
 Sappho
 Pindar
Tragedy Writers
Aeschylus
Sophocles
Euripides

70. Historian
Herodotus
Thucydides

71. Greek Philosophers
Socrates
Plato
Aristotle

72. Hellenistic
 translation of the Old
Testament into Greek at
Alexandria
 Septuagint is from Latin
septuaginta "seventy," from
the tradition that there
were 72 scholars who did
the work.
Contributions

73. Greek Poetry writers
Theocritus
Callimachus
Apollonius of
Rhodes

74. His main work is The
Elements which is still used
as a textbook in
mathematics.
EUCLID

75. PLATO
The most famous
works The Republic
and Symposium.

76. Aristophanes
He was a playwright
who wrote comedies.
His notable plays,
The Wasps and
Lysistrata.

77. EURIPIDES
Was a Greek tragedian.
His most known works
are Alcestis, Medea and
The Bacchus.

78. HOMER
Homer is best
known for the two
epic poems the
Iliad and the
Odyssey.