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Offering and Receiving
     Assistance
Offering and receiving assistance with actions
We learned in Lesson 13 in Book-1 that the verbs あげます/もらいます/くれます
describe transactions of objects.   Here we learn the use of these words as helping
verbs. When these verbs follow the te-form of a verb, they describe the offering and
receiving of services.


                                        I do something for you.
          te-form + あげます                You do something for others.
                                        I do something for others.
                                        Somebody does something for
                                        somebody else.

      I      You         Others

                                        Somebody does something for me.
                                        You (the listener) do something for me.
                                        Somebody does something for you (the
          te-form + くれます                listener).
Sentence Patterns in Offering and Receiving Assistance

1) (te-form) あげます
This expression is used when a person does something of benefit to another person.
 When わたし is the subject of the sentence, it may give the impression that the
 favor is being forcefully.


                                           を (te-form) あげます。

person(giver) は      person(receiver)      に Object を (te-form) あげます。

                                           の receiver s object を (te-form) あげます。
             X わたし never be the receiver
                  in this expression



 すずきさんは チャンさんに かんじを おしえて あげました。                  *
 Mr. Suzuki (kindly) taught Ms. Chan some kanji.

  わたしは いつも いぬを かわいがって あげます。
 I (generously) care for my dog all the time.

 スミスさんは なかむらさんの にもつを もって あげました。
 Mr. Suzuki (kindly) carried Ms. Nakamura s baggage.
                *The verb ∼てあげます conjugates to the past form as ∼てあげました.
2) (te-form) もらいます

This expression is used when a person who has asked for help feels grateful towards
the person who helped him/her.

 We use the (te-from)もらいます to say that we get, persuade, or arrange for,
 somebody to do something for us.      In other words, we receive someone s favor.
 The person performing the action for us is accompanied by the particle に.


                                            に (te-form) もらいます。
   person(receiver) は person(giver)
                                            に Object を (te-form) もらいます。

                   X わたし never be the giver in
                          this expression


                           *
  わたしは ともだちに たすけて もらいました。
 I got help from a friend.

 チャンさんは すずきさんに かんじを おしえて もらいました。
 Ms. Chan got Mr. Suzuki to help her with some kanji.

         *The verb ∼てもらいます conjugates to the past form as ∼てもらいました.
3) (te-form) くれます

This expression is used when a person feels grateful towards a person who has
helped him/her.


             わたし or family member of わたし
                should be the receiver
                                           を (te-form) くれます。

person(giver) は       person(receiver)     に Object を (te-form) くれます。

                                           の receiver s object を (te-form) くれます。
X わたし never be the giver in
     this expression


                           *
  マリーさんは わたしに かさを かして くれました。
  Mary (kindly) lend me an umbrella.

  ともだちは とても いぬを かわいがって くれます。
  My friend petS my dog so much.

  スミスさんは わたしの にもつを もって くれました。
  Mr. Suzuki (kindly) carried my baggage.

                 *The verb ∼てくれます conjugates to the past form as ∼てくれました.
Verbs often used in these expressions

1) (te-form) あげます and (te-form) くれます

     (person) を            (person) に (object) を      (person) の (object) を
つれていきます                かします                        もちます
(to bring/to take)     (to lend)                   (to hold/to carry)
たすけます                  みせます                        はこびます
(to help/to assist)    (to show)                   (to carry/to deliver)
さそいます                  おしえます                       あらいます
(to invite)            (to teach)                  (to wash/to clean)
よびます                   しらせます                       なおします
(to call in)           (to let someone know)       (to fix/to repair)
おくります                  かいます                        そうじします
(to send)              (to buy)                    (to clean/to vacuum)
まちます                   つくります                       ∼をします
(to wait)              (to make/to cook)           (to do ∼)
                       かきます                                 
         etc           (to write/to draw)    etc                etc

2) (te-form) もらいます

(te-form) もらいます alway takes any verbs as :

                   (person) に (te-form) もらいます
Drill 1
Make up sentences as the example. You have to choose an appropriate pattern either with あげます/くれます/
もらいます. (Each arrow indicates the direction of the favor.)


 Ex. あきこさん リーさん/コンサートに さそいます
 あきこさんは リーさんを コンサートに さそってあげました。

 1. マリーさん わたし/くすりを かいにいきます

 マリーさんは                                                。

 2. せんせい わたし/さくぶんを なおします(to touch up the composition)

 せんせいは                                                 。

 3. かとうさん わたし/パーティーに さそいます

 かとうさんは                                                。

 4. チャンさん わたしのおとうと/しゅくだいを てつだいます

 わたしのおとうとは                                            。

 5. たなかさん ミラーさん/いいほんを しょうかいします(to introduce good books)

 たなかさんは                                                。

 6. ともだち わたし/おかねを かします

 わたしは                                                  。

 7. はは わたし/ゆびわを かいます

 ははは                                                   。
                                               End of presentation

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Grammar note あげます/くれます/もらいます

  • 2. Offering and receiving assistance with actions We learned in Lesson 13 in Book-1 that the verbs あげます/もらいます/くれます describe transactions of objects. Here we learn the use of these words as helping verbs. When these verbs follow the te-form of a verb, they describe the offering and receiving of services. I do something for you. te-form + あげます You do something for others. I do something for others. Somebody does something for somebody else. I You Others Somebody does something for me. You (the listener) do something for me. Somebody does something for you (the te-form + くれます listener).
  • 3. Sentence Patterns in Offering and Receiving Assistance 1) (te-form) あげます This expression is used when a person does something of benefit to another person. When わたし is the subject of the sentence, it may give the impression that the favor is being forcefully. を (te-form) あげます。 person(giver) は person(receiver) に Object を (te-form) あげます。 の receiver s object を (te-form) あげます。 X わたし never be the receiver in this expression すずきさんは チャンさんに かんじを おしえて あげました。 * Mr. Suzuki (kindly) taught Ms. Chan some kanji. わたしは いつも いぬを かわいがって あげます。 I (generously) care for my dog all the time. スミスさんは なかむらさんの にもつを もって あげました。 Mr. Suzuki (kindly) carried Ms. Nakamura s baggage. *The verb ∼てあげます conjugates to the past form as ∼てあげました.
  • 4. 2) (te-form) もらいます This expression is used when a person who has asked for help feels grateful towards the person who helped him/her. We use the (te-from)もらいます to say that we get, persuade, or arrange for, somebody to do something for us. In other words, we receive someone s favor. The person performing the action for us is accompanied by the particle に. に (te-form) もらいます。 person(receiver) は person(giver) に Object を (te-form) もらいます。 X わたし never be the giver in this expression * わたしは ともだちに たすけて もらいました。 I got help from a friend. チャンさんは すずきさんに かんじを おしえて もらいました。 Ms. Chan got Mr. Suzuki to help her with some kanji. *The verb ∼てもらいます conjugates to the past form as ∼てもらいました.
  • 5. 3) (te-form) くれます This expression is used when a person feels grateful towards a person who has helped him/her. わたし or family member of わたし should be the receiver を (te-form) くれます。 person(giver) は person(receiver) に Object を (te-form) くれます。 の receiver s object を (te-form) くれます。 X わたし never be the giver in this expression * マリーさんは わたしに かさを かして くれました。 Mary (kindly) lend me an umbrella. ともだちは とても いぬを かわいがって くれます。 My friend petS my dog so much. スミスさんは わたしの にもつを もって くれました。 Mr. Suzuki (kindly) carried my baggage. *The verb ∼てくれます conjugates to the past form as ∼てくれました.
  • 6. Verbs often used in these expressions 1) (te-form) あげます and (te-form) くれます (person) を (person) に (object) を (person) の (object) を つれていきます かします もちます (to bring/to take) (to lend) (to hold/to carry) たすけます みせます はこびます (to help/to assist) (to show) (to carry/to deliver) さそいます おしえます あらいます (to invite) (to teach) (to wash/to clean) よびます しらせます なおします (to call in) (to let someone know) (to fix/to repair) おくります かいます そうじします (to send) (to buy) (to clean/to vacuum) まちます つくります ∼をします (to wait) (to make/to cook) (to do ∼)           かきます                    etc (to write/to draw) etc              etc 2) (te-form) もらいます (te-form) もらいます alway takes any verbs as : (person) に (te-form) もらいます
  • 7. Drill 1 Make up sentences as the example. You have to choose an appropriate pattern either with あげます/くれます/ もらいます. (Each arrow indicates the direction of the favor.) Ex. あきこさん リーさん/コンサートに さそいます あきこさんは リーさんを コンサートに さそってあげました。 1. マリーさん わたし/くすりを かいにいきます マリーさんは                                                。 2. せんせい わたし/さくぶんを なおします(to touch up the composition) せんせいは                                                 。 3. かとうさん わたし/パーティーに さそいます かとうさんは                                                。 4. チャンさん わたしのおとうと/しゅくだいを てつだいます わたしのおとうとは                                            。 5. たなかさん ミラーさん/いいほんを しょうかいします(to introduce good books) たなかさんは                                                。 6. ともだち わたし/おかねを かします わたしは                                                  。 7. はは わたし/ゆびわを かいます ははは                                                   。 End of presentation