"Business as usual" baselines: Challenges for tracking NDCs by Andrew PragOECD Environment
The document discusses the challenges of tracking progress towards climate change targets that are expressed as reductions from "business as usual" baselines. Nearly half of countries' intended nationally determined contributions rely on business as usual baselines, but there is no agreed definition or process for setting these baselines. Baseline projections can vary significantly depending on modeling techniques, assumptions, and circumstances. More transparency is needed around countries' baseline scenarios in order to properly assess expected global emissions levels and track overall progress towards climate goals.
Unpacking the framework for transparency of mitigation, by Gregory BrinerOECD Environment
- The document discusses provisions around transparency of mitigation actions under the Paris Agreement, specifically unpacking what is clear and unclear in terms of purpose, communication of NDCs, tracking progress towards NDCs, review and consideration processes, and the global stocktake.
- While the purpose of transparency is clear around understanding climate actions and informing the global stocktake, the link to compliance is unclear. Details around communication of NDCs, tracking progress, and review processes also remain ambiguous.
- The global stocktake scope includes mitigation, adaptation and support, occurring every 5 years, but how it will influence future NDCs and integrate different areas is uncertain.
- Reporting has improved over time but a transition to a unified enhanced transparency
Academia - SESSION 2: How to be involved in the work of the IPCCipcc-media
The document discusses the IPCC assessment process and opportunities for involvement. It outlines the timeline and structure for the upcoming Sixth Assessment cycle, including three special reports and the main assessment reports from Working Groups I, II, and III. It encourages nominating experts and participating in the review process. Central Asia is currently underrepresented among IPCC authors. The presentation provides information on roles like Coordinating Lead Authors and how to get involved through outreach or contributing literature.
Climate Finance Tracking in Indonesia, by Syamsidar ThamrinOECD Environment
This document discusses climate finance tracking in Indonesia. It outlines the mechanisms for monitoring, evaluating, and reporting on climate action plans in Indonesia from the national to local levels. It also describes Indonesia's experiences with developing tools like a monitoring and evaluation template to track climate finance from various sources against action plans. New initiatives being established include an information hub and clearing house to aggregate financial information on climate actions and sustainable financing in Indonesia. Forms and a glossary are provided as examples of the tools used to systematically track and report climate finance flows and budgets against climate action plans in the country.
"Business as usual" baselines: Challenges for tracking NDCs by Andrew PragOECD Environment
The document discusses the challenges of tracking progress towards climate change targets that are expressed as reductions from "business as usual" baselines. Nearly half of countries' intended nationally determined contributions rely on business as usual baselines, but there is no agreed definition or process for setting these baselines. Baseline projections can vary significantly depending on modeling techniques, assumptions, and circumstances. More transparency is needed around countries' baseline scenarios in order to properly assess expected global emissions levels and track overall progress towards climate goals.
Unpacking the framework for transparency of mitigation, by Gregory BrinerOECD Environment
- The document discusses provisions around transparency of mitigation actions under the Paris Agreement, specifically unpacking what is clear and unclear in terms of purpose, communication of NDCs, tracking progress towards NDCs, review and consideration processes, and the global stocktake.
- While the purpose of transparency is clear around understanding climate actions and informing the global stocktake, the link to compliance is unclear. Details around communication of NDCs, tracking progress, and review processes also remain ambiguous.
- The global stocktake scope includes mitigation, adaptation and support, occurring every 5 years, but how it will influence future NDCs and integrate different areas is uncertain.
- Reporting has improved over time but a transition to a unified enhanced transparency
Academia - SESSION 2: How to be involved in the work of the IPCCipcc-media
The document discusses the IPCC assessment process and opportunities for involvement. It outlines the timeline and structure for the upcoming Sixth Assessment cycle, including three special reports and the main assessment reports from Working Groups I, II, and III. It encourages nominating experts and participating in the review process. Central Asia is currently underrepresented among IPCC authors. The presentation provides information on roles like Coordinating Lead Authors and how to get involved through outreach or contributing literature.
Climate Finance Tracking in Indonesia, by Syamsidar ThamrinOECD Environment
This document discusses climate finance tracking in Indonesia. It outlines the mechanisms for monitoring, evaluating, and reporting on climate action plans in Indonesia from the national to local levels. It also describes Indonesia's experiences with developing tools like a monitoring and evaluation template to track climate finance from various sources against action plans. New initiatives being established include an information hub and clearing house to aggregate financial information on climate actions and sustainable financing in Indonesia. Forms and a glossary are provided as examples of the tools used to systematically track and report climate finance flows and budgets against climate action plans in the country.
The document discusses climate change and carbon emissions. It notes that carbon emissions are rising globally, especially in China and India, and that fossil fuels will remain the predominant energy source. It also summarizes some of the key impacts of climate change like increased temperatures, changes to water cycles, rising sea levels and increased health problems. Finally, it discusses some measures to mitigate climate change, like carbon trading markets and the Kyoto Protocol flexibility mechanisms of emissions trading, the clean development mechanism and joint implementation.
GGSD 2019 Forum - Opening session - Global Material Resources OutlookOECD Environment
The document summarizes key findings from the OECD report "Global Material Resources Outlook to 2060". It finds that:
- Global GDP is projected to increase 250% by 2060, nearly doubling global materials use, despite technological improvements.
- This significant rise in materials use will exacerbate environmental pressures like greenhouse gas emissions and land/water use.
- While recycling will grow faster than mining, it will still only account for a small portion of materials sourcing.
- Urgent policy action is needed to accelerate the transition to more sustainable materials management and decouple resource use from economic growth to meet climate goals.
Presentation by Michael Jacobs at the STEPS Centre Summer School, June 2013.
http://steps-centre.org/about/steps-summer-school/
Video here: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zqzcHzX6K8w
MDB Climate Finance Tracking: Adaptation, by Vladimir StenekOECD Environment
Vladimir Stenek from the International Finance Corporation presented on the methodology used by multilateral development banks to track climate adaptation finance. The approach is context-specific, conservative, and granular, drilling down to capture specific project components addressing climate risks, vulnerabilities, and adaptation goals. It involves setting out the climate vulnerability context, stating intent to address climate vulnerability as part of the project, and articulating a clear link between vulnerability context and project activities.
The document provides an overview of the OECD's climate-related finance work. It discusses measuring and mobilizing climate finance for developing countries, including progress toward the $100 billion annual climate finance goal. It also addresses aligning public and private sector finance with climate goals, such as developing approaches for green budgeting and promoting climate action by corporations. The document summarizes several initiatives to strengthen domestic enabling conditions for clean energy finance, align development assistance with climate goals, and assess investments in green infrastructure.
Best practice indicators at the sectoral level and where countries standNewClimate Institute
This document discusses best practice indicators for decarbonization at the sectoral level. It presents an overview of a comprehensive list of 35 indicators across 5 sectors plus sub-sectors. The document then provides examples of defining best practice for electricity emission intensity and transport road emission intensity. Countries are identified that best represent current best practice for these indicators. The document concludes that sectoral indicators allow identification of decarbonization trends not apparent at the macro level and help understand drivers of emissions pathways.
9 Dec - France 2072 : Lifestyles at the core of carbon neutrality challengesipcc-media
This document discusses France's efforts towards achieving carbon neutrality by 2050. It examines two scenarios reflecting different lifestyles - a "digital society" motivated by personal achievement and a "collective society" motivated by social connections. The collective society scenario results in significantly lower final energy consumption and allows for a balanced multi-energy system relying on electricity, biomass, and limited gas and hydrogen. However, both scenarios face challenges in technical feasibility and social acceptance of technologies like carbon capture and storage that would be required at large scale. The document concludes that supply-side policies alone will not achieve carbon neutrality and that influencing lifestyles towards more sober patterns, as seen in the collective society scenario, is also crucial.
Academia - SESSION 2: Updates on the preparations of the WGIII to the AR6ipcc-media
This document provides an outline and schedule for the Working Group III contribution to the IPCC's Sixth Assessment Report on mitigating climate change. The report will include chapters on trends and drivers of emissions, mitigation pathways, sectoral mitigation options, and the financial and institutional dimensions of transitioning to low-carbon development. It will be authored by over 300 experts from over 60 countries and aim to provide a comprehensive scientific assessment to inform climate policy through 2022.
Chapter 4 - The finance and economics of the Special Report on 1.5°Cipcc-media
This document discusses the investments needed for a 1.5°C pathway compared to current baselines and 2°C pathways. It finds that additional annual energy-related investments of $830 billion to $1700 billion will be needed between 2016-2050. Global abatement costs will be 3-4 times higher than in a 2°C scenario. Infrastructure investments of 0.6% of global GDP or $2.5 trillion annually will also be required to redirect investments towards low-carbon technologies and efficiency. International cooperation on financial reforms, technology, trade and development aid will be critical to enable this transition.
IPCC role and activities and how does the IPCC workipcc-media
The IPCC was established in 1988 by the World Meteorological Organization and the United Nations Environment Programme to provide comprehensive assessments of the scientific basis of climate change. It has produced several assessment reports and special reports that have informed international climate change agreements and policies. The IPCC involves hundreds of scientists from around the world to objectively evaluate climate change risks. Its reports have highlighted the need for adaptation and mitigation actions. The IPCC was awarded the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize for raising awareness about human-caused climate change. Its sixth assessment cycle will produce several new reports by early 2022.
Niklas Höhne presented on "Implementation challenges of 1.5°C pathways" at the side event "Emerging Science of 1.5°C: Mitigation Pathways to Paris" at COP24 in December 2018.
Intelex Top 5 Environmental Statistics – Greenhouse Gas Reporting (Infographic)Intelex
The EPA's Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program collects annual greenhouse gas emissions data from over 8,000 facilities in the top emitting sectors of the US economy. In 2012, total US greenhouse gas emissions reported to the program were 6,526 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents. The primary sources of greenhouse gas emissions in the US are electricity production (32%), transportation (28%), industry (20%), commercial and residential (10%), and agriculture (10%). Greenhouse gas emissions in 2012 were 10% below 2005 levels.
CCXG Global Forum March 2018 Summary Slides Breakout Groups D by Harald WinklerOECD Environment
The document discusses common timeframes for nationally determined contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement. It notes that the appropriate timeframe is a complex issue, with two main options being 5 or 10 years. A paper analyzing the pros and cons of each option would be useful. It also recommends having clear working definitions for periods of implementation, applicable years, and time between communication and implementation of NDCs. A five-year communication frequency could lead to increasing lag times if paired with 10-year implementation periods. Political cycles and the timing of the global stocktake are also important factors to consider.
The Climate Action Tracker by NewClimate Institute, Climate Analytics and Ecofys presents the ongoing activities on NDC and current policy assessment, country rating and decarbonisation indicators.
Why are CO2 emissions rising? And where do they need to go?
My presentation at Urban Future in Oslo (22 May 2019), describing latest trends and pathways to 1.5°C and 2°C
Towards low carbon economy via carbon intensity reduction in malaysiaAlexander Decker
The document analyzes trends in carbon emissions and carbon intensity in Malaysia to recommend a roadmap for achieving the country's target of reducing carbon intensity by 40% by 2020. It finds that Malaysia's carbon intensity has been decreasing by 3.16% per year from 2005 to 2009. However, to meet its 2020 target given projected 5% annual GDP growth, Malaysia must reduce the growth rate of carbon emissions from the power generation sector from the business-as-usual rate of 5.79% to 0.785% per year through increasing renewable energy. The paper develops scenarios analyzing business-as-usual emissions and a scheduled reduction to meet the target through limiting total emissions growth while maintaining economic growth.
The document discusses climate change and carbon emissions. It notes that carbon emissions are rising globally, especially in China and India, and that fossil fuels will remain the predominant energy source. It also summarizes some of the key impacts of climate change like increased temperatures, changes to water cycles, rising sea levels and increased health problems. Finally, it discusses some measures to mitigate climate change, like carbon trading markets and the Kyoto Protocol flexibility mechanisms of emissions trading, the clean development mechanism and joint implementation.
GGSD 2019 Forum - Opening session - Global Material Resources OutlookOECD Environment
The document summarizes key findings from the OECD report "Global Material Resources Outlook to 2060". It finds that:
- Global GDP is projected to increase 250% by 2060, nearly doubling global materials use, despite technological improvements.
- This significant rise in materials use will exacerbate environmental pressures like greenhouse gas emissions and land/water use.
- While recycling will grow faster than mining, it will still only account for a small portion of materials sourcing.
- Urgent policy action is needed to accelerate the transition to more sustainable materials management and decouple resource use from economic growth to meet climate goals.
Presentation by Michael Jacobs at the STEPS Centre Summer School, June 2013.
http://steps-centre.org/about/steps-summer-school/
Video here: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zqzcHzX6K8w
MDB Climate Finance Tracking: Adaptation, by Vladimir StenekOECD Environment
Vladimir Stenek from the International Finance Corporation presented on the methodology used by multilateral development banks to track climate adaptation finance. The approach is context-specific, conservative, and granular, drilling down to capture specific project components addressing climate risks, vulnerabilities, and adaptation goals. It involves setting out the climate vulnerability context, stating intent to address climate vulnerability as part of the project, and articulating a clear link between vulnerability context and project activities.
The document provides an overview of the OECD's climate-related finance work. It discusses measuring and mobilizing climate finance for developing countries, including progress toward the $100 billion annual climate finance goal. It also addresses aligning public and private sector finance with climate goals, such as developing approaches for green budgeting and promoting climate action by corporations. The document summarizes several initiatives to strengthen domestic enabling conditions for clean energy finance, align development assistance with climate goals, and assess investments in green infrastructure.
Best practice indicators at the sectoral level and where countries standNewClimate Institute
This document discusses best practice indicators for decarbonization at the sectoral level. It presents an overview of a comprehensive list of 35 indicators across 5 sectors plus sub-sectors. The document then provides examples of defining best practice for electricity emission intensity and transport road emission intensity. Countries are identified that best represent current best practice for these indicators. The document concludes that sectoral indicators allow identification of decarbonization trends not apparent at the macro level and help understand drivers of emissions pathways.
9 Dec - France 2072 : Lifestyles at the core of carbon neutrality challengesipcc-media
This document discusses France's efforts towards achieving carbon neutrality by 2050. It examines two scenarios reflecting different lifestyles - a "digital society" motivated by personal achievement and a "collective society" motivated by social connections. The collective society scenario results in significantly lower final energy consumption and allows for a balanced multi-energy system relying on electricity, biomass, and limited gas and hydrogen. However, both scenarios face challenges in technical feasibility and social acceptance of technologies like carbon capture and storage that would be required at large scale. The document concludes that supply-side policies alone will not achieve carbon neutrality and that influencing lifestyles towards more sober patterns, as seen in the collective society scenario, is also crucial.
Academia - SESSION 2: Updates on the preparations of the WGIII to the AR6ipcc-media
This document provides an outline and schedule for the Working Group III contribution to the IPCC's Sixth Assessment Report on mitigating climate change. The report will include chapters on trends and drivers of emissions, mitigation pathways, sectoral mitigation options, and the financial and institutional dimensions of transitioning to low-carbon development. It will be authored by over 300 experts from over 60 countries and aim to provide a comprehensive scientific assessment to inform climate policy through 2022.
Chapter 4 - The finance and economics of the Special Report on 1.5°Cipcc-media
This document discusses the investments needed for a 1.5°C pathway compared to current baselines and 2°C pathways. It finds that additional annual energy-related investments of $830 billion to $1700 billion will be needed between 2016-2050. Global abatement costs will be 3-4 times higher than in a 2°C scenario. Infrastructure investments of 0.6% of global GDP or $2.5 trillion annually will also be required to redirect investments towards low-carbon technologies and efficiency. International cooperation on financial reforms, technology, trade and development aid will be critical to enable this transition.
IPCC role and activities and how does the IPCC workipcc-media
The IPCC was established in 1988 by the World Meteorological Organization and the United Nations Environment Programme to provide comprehensive assessments of the scientific basis of climate change. It has produced several assessment reports and special reports that have informed international climate change agreements and policies. The IPCC involves hundreds of scientists from around the world to objectively evaluate climate change risks. Its reports have highlighted the need for adaptation and mitigation actions. The IPCC was awarded the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize for raising awareness about human-caused climate change. Its sixth assessment cycle will produce several new reports by early 2022.
Niklas Höhne presented on "Implementation challenges of 1.5°C pathways" at the side event "Emerging Science of 1.5°C: Mitigation Pathways to Paris" at COP24 in December 2018.
Intelex Top 5 Environmental Statistics – Greenhouse Gas Reporting (Infographic)Intelex
The EPA's Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program collects annual greenhouse gas emissions data from over 8,000 facilities in the top emitting sectors of the US economy. In 2012, total US greenhouse gas emissions reported to the program were 6,526 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents. The primary sources of greenhouse gas emissions in the US are electricity production (32%), transportation (28%), industry (20%), commercial and residential (10%), and agriculture (10%). Greenhouse gas emissions in 2012 were 10% below 2005 levels.
CCXG Global Forum March 2018 Summary Slides Breakout Groups D by Harald WinklerOECD Environment
The document discusses common timeframes for nationally determined contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement. It notes that the appropriate timeframe is a complex issue, with two main options being 5 or 10 years. A paper analyzing the pros and cons of each option would be useful. It also recommends having clear working definitions for periods of implementation, applicable years, and time between communication and implementation of NDCs. A five-year communication frequency could lead to increasing lag times if paired with 10-year implementation periods. Political cycles and the timing of the global stocktake are also important factors to consider.
The Climate Action Tracker by NewClimate Institute, Climate Analytics and Ecofys presents the ongoing activities on NDC and current policy assessment, country rating and decarbonisation indicators.
Why are CO2 emissions rising? And where do they need to go?
My presentation at Urban Future in Oslo (22 May 2019), describing latest trends and pathways to 1.5°C and 2°C
Towards low carbon economy via carbon intensity reduction in malaysiaAlexander Decker
The document analyzes trends in carbon emissions and carbon intensity in Malaysia to recommend a roadmap for achieving the country's target of reducing carbon intensity by 40% by 2020. It finds that Malaysia's carbon intensity has been decreasing by 3.16% per year from 2005 to 2009. However, to meet its 2020 target given projected 5% annual GDP growth, Malaysia must reduce the growth rate of carbon emissions from the power generation sector from the business-as-usual rate of 5.79% to 0.785% per year through increasing renewable energy. The paper develops scenarios analyzing business-as-usual emissions and a scheduled reduction to meet the target through limiting total emissions growth while maintaining economic growth.
Carlo carraro - Cities and the 1.5° Mitigation ChallengeEIT Climate-KIC
Carlo Carraro, President Emeritus of Universita' Ca' Foscari Venezia and Vice Chair, IPCC, presentation for the closing plenary at the Climate Innovation Summit, Milan, 2017.
The evolution of the GDP with a scarcity of the natural resourcesEfraim Chababe
The 21st century being marked by the transition to green energies and to the 2020 and 2050 milestones set by global meetings on climate changes, our current transition pace is far too low when taking into account the expected progression of the GDP, and
countries' carbon footprint instead of their carbon emission.
2013 – 2014 Strategy and Sustainability Highlights ReportSchneider Electric
Since sustainable development is an integral part of Schneider Electric’s strategy, our Group is publishing a combined Business and Sustainable Development document (Key figures, interviews with stakeholders, actions in favor of new behaviors, …).
The document provides detailed descriptions of the methods and data used in a study on the credibility of net-zero climate targets. It describes:
1) How current and projected greenhouse gas emissions were estimated based on countries' policies and targets, and how individual gas emissions were derived.
2) The process for assessing the credibility of countries' net-zero targets based on their legal status, implementation plans, and projected emissions trends.
3) Sources of historical emissions data and how climate projections and uncertainties were calculated for the study's emission pathways.
The document proposes a climate justice based model for allocating remaining carbon budgets that aims to ensure safety, fairness, and justice. The model incorporates factors like historical emissions, current emissions, rights to development, and convergence of per capita emissions. It allocates carbon budgets to regions based on their population, a fairness component, and considerations for historical emissions. Several case studies are presented to demonstrate how the model performs under different parameters and constraints.
The document proposes a climate justice based model for allocating remaining carbon budgets that aims to ensure safety, fairness, and justice. The model incorporates factors like historical emissions, current emissions, rights to development, and convergence of per capita emissions. It allocates carbon budgets to regions based on their population, a fairness component, and considerations for historical emissions. Several case studies are presented to demonstrate how the model performs under different parameters and constraints.
EMISSIONS GAP REPORT A UNEP Synthesis Executive SummaryDr Lendy Spires
This report focuses on analyzing the carbon dioxide emissions budget needed to limit global warming to 2°C based on scenarios from the IPCC. To stay within this limit, global carbon neutrality where annual CO2 emissions are balanced by removal of CO2 from the atmosphere, will need to be achieved sometime between 2055-2070. Additionally, total global greenhouse gas emissions, including emissions other than just CO2, will need to reach net zero between 2080-2100 to compensate for emissions that exceed the available CO2 budget. The timing of achieving carbon neutrality and net zero greenhouse gas emissions provides important guidance for countries in determining long-term emissions reduction pathways and climate targets.
This document summarizes a presentation on scenarios assessed by the IPCC to limit global warming. It discusses the key goals of the Paris Agreement to limit warming to well below 2°C and pursuing efforts to limit it to 1.5°C. It then examines the characteristics of pathways consistent with 1.5°C and 2°C warming levels as assessed by integrated assessment models, finding that 1.5°C pathways require deeper near-term emissions cuts, carbon neutrality by around 2050, and reliance on carbon dioxide removal technologies. However, it notes that the details of energy and economic transitions vary significantly between models, with uncertain implications for policymaking.
Post2015 mazria(architecture2030)roadmap zero emissions ccxg gf march2014-pre...OECD Environment
The document outlines a roadmap for reducing carbon emissions from the building sector to zero by 2080 to keep global warming under 2°C. It proposes guidelines called Roadmap 20/80 for countries to set emissions reduction targets for buildings reaching zero emissions by 2080. It also proposes a financing facility to support developing countries in building renovations, renewable energy projects, and new near-zero energy buildings to meet emissions reduction goals. The roadmap is designed to guide the massive building boom expected in urban areas in the next two decades towards low-carbon and zero-carbon construction.
The document discusses Kazakhstan's obligations and commitments under the Kyoto Protocol and efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Some key points:
- Kazakhstan ratified the Kyoto Protocol in 2009 and committed to cut emissions 5% below 1990 levels by 2020, with additional voluntary targets of 15% by 2020 and 25% by 2050.
- Scenarios predict Kazakhstan's emissions could increase 24-37% by 2030 without action. Kazakhstan aims to source 50% of energy from renewables by 2020 and decrease energy intensity.
- Kazakhstan launched an emissions trading scheme in 2013 to help meet its targets. Industry groups have expressed concerns about the costs and impacts of further commitments under proposals like the Doha Amendment.
- The document discusses climate change and the challenges it poses globally, including rising populations, urbanization, energy consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions.
- It provides data on topics like population growth, energy use by fuel type in various regions, cumulative emissions by country and continent, and the carbon intensity of economic activity.
- The document advocates for solutions like carbon capture and storage from coal-fired power plants to significantly reduce CO2 emissions and help address climate change while still utilizing coal resources.
OERC Seminar September 2018
Bob Lloyd
Director Raynbird Consultants
Former Assoc Professor , Department of Physics, Otago University
The talk will cover the mitigation strategies given in the IPCC AR5 report. How these have changed since 2015 in terms of the climate change models available. I will also discuss the methane problem, the forest CO2 removals problem and the carbon budgets available to mitigate sufficiently, to stay below global temperature rises that could cause runaway climate change scenarios. For NZ, a recap of the latest 7th National communication to the UN and the Governments NZ zero emissions plan for 2050. Is it sufficient and does it have the right targets that will prevent the global problem. Finally I will discuss my efforts in developing countries (The Pacific Island Nations) in developing their mitigation plans and the conflict in such countries between mitigation and development
CCXG Global Forum March 2018, Accounting for NDC targets with baselines: The ...OECD Environment
This document discusses Mexico's use of baselines to account for its nationally determined contribution (NDC) targets under the Paris Agreement. It outlines Mexico's previous work developing emissions baselines in 2010, 2013, 2015 and for its Mid-Century Strategy based on time series data from 1990-2006, 1990-2010, and 2013. It notes the importance of methodology choices, data sources, and assumptions used in projections. The document also discusses potential implications of updating Mexico's national greenhouse gas inventory and projections based on new time series data from 1990-2015, including whether targets would need to be more or less ambitious and implications for transparency.
Global Carbon Budget 2017 (press conference)Glen Peters
The presentation from the press conference of the Global Carbon Budget 2017 launch, with Corinne Le Quéré, myself, and Owen Gaffney (Future Earth) as chair. Webcast available here: https://unfccc.cloud.streamworld.de/webcast/the-global-carbon-budget-2017-and-tracking-progres
WWF: Policy Expectations for COP 19 WarsawWWF ITALIA
Oggi possiamo salvare il clima e conquistare un futuro di benessere per noi e i nostri figli. Bruciare i combustibili fossili per procurarsi energia e calore ha portato la concentrazione di CO2 in atmosfera ai livelli di 3 milioni di anni fa. Dobbiamo riconquistare l'energia, puntare sulle fonti rinnovabili e l’efficienza energetica. Occorre investire le risorse pubbliche e private nel nostro futuro. E invece i nostri soldi continuano a finanziare il passato fossile. E' ora di cambiare noi, non il clima." Mariagrazia Midulla, Responsabile Clima ed Energia
http://www.wwf.it/riprenditilenergia.cfm
This presentation created and addressed by Gonzalo Saenz de Miera in the intensive three day course from the BC3, Basque Centre for Climate Change and UPV/EHU (University of the Basque Country) on Climate Change in the Uda Ikastaroak Framework.
The objective of the BC3 Summer School is to offer an updated and multidisciplinary view of the ongoing trends in climate change research. The BC3 Summer School is organized in collaboration with the University of the Basque Country and is a high quality and excellent summer course gathering leading experts in the field and students from top universities and research centres worldwide.
Similar to WLM Global Warming Presentation for World Bank MOOC (20)
This presentation by Thibault Schrepel, Associate Professor of Law at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam University, was made during the discussion “Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/aicomp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Nathaniel Lane, Associate Professor in Economics at Oxford University, was made during the discussion “Pro-competitive Industrial Policy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/pcip.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
Suzanne Lagerweij - Influence Without Power - Why Empathy is Your Best Friend...Suzanne Lagerweij
This is a workshop about communication and collaboration. We will experience how we can analyze the reasons for resistance to change (exercise 1) and practice how to improve our conversation style and be more in control and effective in the way we communicate (exercise 2).
This session will use Dave Gray’s Empathy Mapping, Argyris’ Ladder of Inference and The Four Rs from Agile Conversations (Squirrel and Fredrick).
Abstract:
Let’s talk about powerful conversations! We all know how to lead a constructive conversation, right? Then why is it so difficult to have those conversations with people at work, especially those in powerful positions that show resistance to change?
Learning to control and direct conversations takes understanding and practice.
We can combine our innate empathy with our analytical skills to gain a deeper understanding of complex situations at work. Join this session to learn how to prepare for difficult conversations and how to improve our agile conversations in order to be more influential without power. We will use Dave Gray’s Empathy Mapping, Argyris’ Ladder of Inference and The Four Rs from Agile Conversations (Squirrel and Fredrick).
In the session you will experience how preparing and reflecting on your conversation can help you be more influential at work. You will learn how to communicate more effectively with the people needed to achieve positive change. You will leave with a self-revised version of a difficult conversation and a practical model to use when you get back to work.
Come learn more on how to become a real influencer!
XP 2024 presentation: A New Look to Leadershipsamililja
Presentation slides from XP2024 conference, Bolzano IT. The slides describe a new view to leadership and combines it with anthro-complexity (aka cynefin).
This presentation by Yong Lim, Professor of Economic Law at Seoul National University School of Law, was made during the discussion “Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/aicomp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by OECD, OECD Secretariat, was made during the discussion “Competition and Regulation in Professions and Occupations” held at the 77th meeting of the OECD Working Party No. 2 on Competition and Regulation on 10 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/crps.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
Mastering the Concepts Tested in the Databricks Certified Data Engineer Assoc...SkillCertProExams
• For a full set of 760+ questions. Go to
https://skillcertpro.com/product/databricks-certified-data-engineer-associate-exam-questions/
• SkillCertPro offers detailed explanations to each question which helps to understand the concepts better.
• It is recommended to score above 85% in SkillCertPro exams before attempting a real exam.
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• SkillCertPro assures 100% pass guarantee in first attempt.
This presentation by OECD, OECD Secretariat, was made during the discussion “Pro-competitive Industrial Policy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/pcip.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Professor Alex Robson, Deputy Chair of Australia’s Productivity Commission, was made during the discussion “Competition and Regulation in Professions and Occupations” held at the 77th meeting of the OECD Working Party No. 2 on Competition and Regulation on 10 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/crps.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Juraj Čorba, Chair of OECD Working Party on Artificial Intelligence Governance (AIGO), was made during the discussion “Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/aicomp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
2. Supporting Data
● The Emissions Gap
Report 2013.
● United Nations
Environment Program
(UNEP), November
2013
● Includes projections
of world carbon
emissions up to 2050
under various
scenarios.
3. Current Emissions
● “The most recent estimates of global
greenhouse gas emissions are for 2010 and
amount to 50.1 gigatonnes of carbon dioxide
equivalent (GtCO2e) per year (range: 45.6–54.6
GtCO2e per year).” UNEP 2013 at page xi
● This estimate can be converted to GtC by the
factor 3.67.
● The 50 GtCO2 estimate is equivalent to 13.6
GtC
4. What is the emission level for 2015?
● UNEP 2013 does not give historical data past
2010. However, assuming business as usual,
the projected emissions for 2020 are 59
GtCO2e/yr or 16 GtC/yr.
● Considering the failure of governments to
address the problem since 2010, it seems likely
that the emission level for 2015 must be about
54.5 GtCO2e/yr or 14.85 GtC/yr.
5. What should be the target emission
for 2020, assuming drastic action?
● “Based on a limited number of new studies,
least-cost emission pathways consistent with
the 1.5° C target have emission levels in 2020
of 37–44 GtCO2e per year, declining rapidly
thereafter.” Id. page xii
● The report assumes 44 GtCO2e/yr in 2020 as a
basis for targets set for 2025, 2030 and 2050.
This is equivalent to 12 GtC/yr.
6. What are the emission targets for
2025, 2030, and 2050?
● “In the scenarios assessed in this report, global
emission levels in 2025 and 2030 consistent
with the 2° C target amount to approximately 40
GtCO2 e (range: 35–45 GtCO2e) and 35
GtCO2e (range: 32–42 GtCO2e), respectively.
In these scenarios, global emissions in 2050
amount to 22 GtCO2e (range: 18–25 GtCO2e).
These levels are all based on the assumption
that the 2020 least-cost level of 44 GtCO2e per
year will be achieved.” id at xiii
● 40 GtCO2 is 10.9 GtC/yr, 22 GtCO2 is 6 GtC/yr
8. What interactive climate simulations
tools are available to analyze the
implications of these projections?
ISAM integrated
impacts of climate
change simulation.
http://climatemodels.u
chicago.edu/isam/
KAYA Identity
Scenario
Prognosticator
http://climatemodels.u
chicago.edu/kaya/
9. What can be learned from
the ISAM simulator?
● This model was
developed at a time
when it was assumed
that the world could
act in a timely
manner.
● To be useful, the
default values of the
simulator must be up
dated based on
UNEP 2013.
● In order to stabilize
emissions by 2100, I
have updated the
model default values
as follows:
10.
11. Using the KAYA tool
to determine feasibility
● The KAYA tool requires an estimate of world
population assuming that zero population
growth can be reached by 2100.
● According to my source (News, National
Geographic): “There's an 80 percent chance,
the authors conclude, that the actual number of
people in 2100 will be somewhere between 9.6
and 12.3 billion.”
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/
09/140918-population-global-united-nations-
2100-boom-africa/
12. The KAYA tools allows other
parameters to be set based on
historical trends.
● Other parameters include GDP per person in
dollars, which is a measure of increasing
prosperity and demand for products in the
world.
● Also, there is a parameter for energy
consumption in Watts per year per GDP dollar.
● And, a parameter for energy efficiency in Tons
of Carbon per Watt of energy.
13. KAYA prediction of carbon free
energy needed to reach goals
● The following parameters were set based on
the population estimate for 2100 of 12 billion
people on the planet.
14.
15. Conclusions
● The KAYA modeler was too conservative, as
can be seen from the fact that the historical fit
placed 2015 emissions at 9.5 GtC/yr, while we
suspect that the actual number for 2015 is
nearly 15 GtC/yr.
● Even with the conservative estimate, the model
shows we will need at least 50 TeraWatts of
Carbon Free Energy by 2100, beginning with
over 10 TeraWatts by year 2020 if we mean to
keep CO2 below 500 ppm by 2100.