The document discusses Kazakhstan's obligations and commitments under the Kyoto Protocol and efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Some key points: - Kazakhstan ratified the Kyoto Protocol in 2009 and committed to cut emissions 5% below 1990 levels by 2020, with additional voluntary targets of 15% by 2020 and 25% by 2050. - Scenarios predict Kazakhstan's emissions could increase 24-37% by 2030 without action. Kazakhstan aims to source 50% of energy from renewables by 2020 and decrease energy intensity. - Kazakhstan launched an emissions trading scheme in 2013 to help meet its targets. Industry groups have expressed concerns about the costs and impacts of further commitments under proposals like the Doha Amendment.