Global warming is caused by greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane trapping heat in the atmosphere, causing the Earth's temperature to rise. As temperatures increase, the climate will change dramatically with some areas experiencing droughts and others severe flooding. Melting polar ice caps will also raise sea levels and threaten coastal cities. While higher CO2 levels may increase crop growth, the overall impacts of climate change are expected to be harmful. Both natural factors like the sun's intensity and human activities that release greenhouse gases contribute to global warming. Reducing emissions, waste, and deforestation can help mitigate the problem.