This document discusses methods for monitoring the quality of programs that serve orphans and vulnerable children (OVC). It outlines why monitoring quality is important, and describes tools and approaches for systematically assessing and monitoring quality standards. These include using indicators to measure whether key activities are implemented and outcomes are achieved. The Child Status Index is presented as one tool that can measure outcomes across several domains to determine if quality improvements are leading to better results for OVC. An example from a program in Ethiopia is given that found improvements in most domains by using the CSI to assess outcomes over multiple rounds after implementing quality standards.