Geotextiles are permeable fabrics made from materials like polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamides or polyester. They are used in construction and civil engineering projects to separate, filter, reinforce, protect or drain soil. Common applications include roads, dams, and erosion control. Geotextiles function by separation, stabilization, and filtration and help prevent issues like drainage clogging, soil piping, and embankment erosion. Some have been developed into geogrids and meshes for additional benefits in geotechnical and environmental engineering designs.