Gastroenteritis is the inflammation or infection of the digestive tract, primarily affecting the stomach and intestines, commonly caused by viruses, bacteria, and parasites. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain, with potential severity that can lead to serious complications. Prevention measures involve proper hygiene, food handling, and avoiding contaminated sources.

2. Introduction to Gastroenteritis
 Gastroenteritis is an inflammation or infection
of the digestive tract, mainly the stomach and
intestine.
 It is probably the most commonly occurring
illness with an average person having about
three and four bouts in a year.
 The illness can sometimes be minor and the
person may experience only nausea and it may
go completely unrecognized but on the other
hand, it can also be very severe leading to death
within a few days.

3. Most of the stomach infection are spread through
contamination food and water cause pain and
diarrhea.
Symptoms of Gastroenteritis
 Nausea & Vomiting
 Diarrhea
 Loss of appetite
 Fever
 Headache
Symptoms of Gastroenteritis

4. Continue…
 Abdominal Pain
 Abdominal Cramps
 Bloody Stools
 Dehydration
 Lethargy
If symptoms do not resolve within a week, an
infection or disorder more serious than
gastroenteritis may be involved. These symptoms
require prompt medical treatment
Continue:- Symptoms of
Gastroenteritis

5. Bacterial gastroenteritis happens when bacteria
causes an infection in your stomach. This causes
inflammation in your stomach and intestines.
 Infectious agents (viruses, bacteria and
parasites) are the most common cause of
Gastroenteritis.
 Viruses primarily rotavirus species, are
responsible for 70 to 80 percent of infectious
diarrhea.
 Bacterial pathogens accounts for another 10 to
20 percent of cases.
Causes of Gastroenteritis

6.  Rotavirus is the most common cause of
gastroenteritis in children. Rotavirus is less
common cause in adult due to acquired
immunity.
 Norovirus is the leading cause of gastroenteritis
among adult. Norovirus is the cause of about 10
percent of cases in children.
 Cryptosporidium is the organism most
commonly isolated in HIV-positive patients
presenting with diarrhea and cause
gastrointestinal illness with diarrhea in humans.
Continue:- Causes of Gastroenteritis

8.  Diagnosing gastroenteritis is mainly an exclusion
procedure
 In rare case when the symptoms are not enough
to diagnose gastroenteritis, several test may be
performed in order to rule out other
gastrointestinal disorders.
 Rectal Examination
 Complete blood count
 Electrolytes
 Kidney function test
 When the symptoms are conclusive, no test apart
form the stool test are required.
Diagnosis of Gastroenteritis

9. If you have a milder case, you may be able to treat
your illness at home. Try the following :-
 Drink liquid regularly through out the day,
especially after the bouts of diarrhea.
 Eat little and often, and include some salty
foods.
 Take food or drinks with potassium, such as fruit
juice and bananas
 Don’t take any medication with asking the
doctor.
Treatment of Gastroenteritis

10.  Proper Hand washing
 Proper food handling and complete cooking
 Pasteurization of milk and juice
 Clean the toilet and bathroom regularly,
especially the toilet seat, door handles and taps.
 Don’t forget to brush your teeth regularly, twice
a day
 Avoid food buffets, uncooked foods or peeled
fruits and vegetables and ice in drinks.
Prevention of Gastroenteritis