Gastritis
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This document discusses gastritis, an inflammation of the stomach lining. It defines gastritis and lists common signs and symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. The major causes are identified as Helicobacter pylori bacteria and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Treatment involves antibiotics to kill H. pylori, medications to reduce acid production, antacids, and lifestyle changes like avoiding smoking and NSAIDs. Nursing care includes giving antiemetics if vomiting, administering IV fluids, providing a bland diet, and educating patients about the disorder. The document also notes that the elderly are more susceptible due to thinning stomach lining with age.
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GASTRITIS.pptx
Gastritis is the inflammation, irritation or erosion of the mucosal lining of the stomach. It can be acute or chronic.
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This document discusses gastritis, which is inflammation of the stomach lining. It defines acute and chronic gastritis and lists risk factors like smoking, drinking, and medications. Symptoms are discussed as well as diagnostic tests. Treatment focuses on antacids, bland diets, and treating any underlying causes. Chronic gastritis can lead to pernicious anemia or gastric cancer if not properly managed.
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Gastritis
Image result for gastritis
Gastritis is a general term for a group of conditions with one thing in common: inflammation of the lining of the stomach. The inflammation of gastritis is most often the result of infection with the same bacterium that causes most stomach ulcers.
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GASTRITIS.pptx
Gastritis is the inflammation, irritation or erosion of the mucosal lining of the stomach. It can be acute or chronic.
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This document discusses gastritis, which is inflammation of the stomach lining. It defines acute and chronic gastritis and lists risk factors like smoking, drinking, and medications. Symptoms are discussed as well as diagnostic tests. Treatment focuses on antacids, bland diets, and treating any underlying causes. Chronic gastritis can lead to pernicious anemia or gastric cancer if not properly managed.
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This document discusses peptic ulcers, including their definition, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. Peptic ulcers form in the stomach or duodenum when the protective mucus layer is damaged, allowing acid and pepsin to erode the lining. The primary cause is infection by H. pylori bacteria, though smoking, caffeine, alcohol, stress, and NSAIDs can also contribute. Common symptoms include belching, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Diagnosis involves endoscopy or blood tests. Treatment includes medications to reduce acid production, antibiotics to treat H. pylori, and sometimes surgery. Nursing care focuses on medication administration, diet, rest, monitoring for complications, education, and stress
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Gastritis is an inflammation of the stomach lining that can be acute or chronic. Acute gastritis develops suddenly while chronic gastritis persists over a long period of time. Common causes include bacterial infections, NSAIDs, autoimmune disorders, and bile reflux. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, weight loss, and nausea or vomiting. Diagnosis involves medical history, physical exam, and tests like blood tests, stool tests, or endoscopy. Treatment focuses on antacids, H2 blockers, PPIs, antibiotics, and managing pain or nutrition imbalances. Prevention emphasizes diet, avoiding alcohol/smoking, exercise, and stress management.
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Gastritis is an inflammation of the stomach lining that can be either acute or chronic. Acute gastritis is short-term and caused by factors like NSAIDs, alcohol, bile reflux, or radiation/chemotherapy. Chronic gastritis is long-term inflammation that can result from repeated acute episodes or be caused by H. pylori bacteria or chemical irritants. Symptoms include epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, and bleeding. Treatment involves antacids, H2 blockers, PPIs, and antibiotics for H. pylori. Nursing care focuses on pain relief, nutrition, fluid balance, education, and symptom management.
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The gastrointestinal tract is the tract or passageway of the digestive system that leads from the mouth to the anus.
GI tract is a series of hollow organs joined in a long, twisting tube from the mouth to the anus.
The hollow organs that make up the GI tract are mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and anus.
The GI tract contains all the major organs of the digestive system, in humans and other animals.
Digestive disorders are among the most common problems in health care.
Approximately 30-40% adults claim to have frequent indigestion.
Indigestion
Peptic ulcer
Carcinoma of the Stomach
Gastric Surgery
Dumping Syndrome
Constipation
Diarrohoea
Steatorrhoea
Lactose Intolerance
Coeliac Disease
Tropical sprue
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Indigestion can be caused by dietary indulgences-excessive volumes of food or high intake of fat, sugar, caffeine, spices or alcohol or both.
Symptoms : vague abdominal pain
Bloating
Nausea
Regurgitation and belching
If it is prolonged it can lead to gastro-oesophagul reflux, gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, delayed gastric emptying, gall bladder disease or cancer.
It can be treated by eating slowly, chewing thoroughly and not eating or drinking excessively.
Localized erosion of the mucosal lining of those portions of the alimentary tract that come in contact with the gastric juice.
This disintegration of tissues can also result in necrosis.
Ulcers occurs in oesophagus, stomach, jejunum and duodenum but majority of ulcers are found in the duodenum.
All the ulcers have same symptoms and same response to treatment regardless of location.
Mechanism of ulcer formation
Three vital mechanisms are the mucus layer, prostaglandins and probably the urogastrone /epidermal healing factor(URO/EHF).
These mechanisms can protect the stomach against HCL up to twice the maximum concentration which the stomach is capable of secreting.
The mucous layer, viscous gel is ideally suited for its function of protection from chemical and physical hazards of water proofing and lubrication.
The second line of defence are prostaglandins.
Third line of defence that is urogastrone plays important role by inhibiting gastric acid secretion and by stimulation of cell proliferation and regeneration for healing the ulcer.
If mucosal line is broken then underlying layers of the stomach are exposed to the effect of concentrated acid which results in peptic ulcer.
Duodenal Ulcer :
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Hypersecretion of acid
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Acid hypersecretion is due to increased number of parietal cells and impaired rapid gastric emptying with loss of buffering effect.
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Dyspepsia
Dyspepsia, also known as indigestion, refers to discomfort or pain in the upper abdomen that is often caused by eating. Common symptoms include pain, swelling, heartburn, and nausea. While the specific cause is unknown in most cases, potential causes include stress, medications like aspirin, Helicobacter pylori bacteria, smoking, alcohol, spicy or greasy foods, and large meal sizes. Diagnosis involves tests like abdominal ultrasounds and endoscopies of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. Treatment focuses on diet changes, antibiotics to eliminate H. pylori if present, and medications to reduce acid like omeprazole. Prevention includes relaxing after
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GASTRITIS.pptx
This document provides information about gastritis, including its definition, types, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. It begins by defining gastritis as an inflammation of the stomach lining. It then describes the two main types as acute or chronic gastritis, and subtypes based on appearance and cause. Common causes include H. pylori infection, NSAID use, alcohol, and stress. Symptoms vary from pain and nausea to bleeding and anemia. Diagnosis involves history, endoscopy, and tests for H. pylori. Treatment focuses on relieving pain, antibiotics for H. pylori, proton pump inhibitors, bland diets, and managing complications.
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Gastritis
- 1. Group 5 By:Aishath Ifsha Aminath Azma Khadheejath Ayat Fathimath Sara
- 2. Objectives Definition Signs/symptoms Etiology/cause Medical management Nursing management Health education Effects of disorder on elderly Conclusion
- 3. Definition Gastritis is inflammation of the stomach lining and is usually termed acute or chronic gastritis.
- 4. Sign and symptoms Nausea or recurrent upset stomach Vomiting Indigestion Hiccups Loss of appetite Burning or gnawing feeling in the stomach between meals or at night Gnawing or burning ache or pain (indigestion) in your upper abdomen Feeling of fullness in your upper abdomen after eating
- 5. Etiology/Cause The two major causes are: By a bacteria named Helicobacter pylori Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) Infectious agents Autoimmune problems Crohn’s disease Sarcoidosis Isolated granulomatosis gastritis
- 7. Medical management Antibiotic medications to kill H. pylori. Medications that block acid production and promote healing Proton pump inhibitors reduce acid by blocking the action of the parts of cells that produce acid. Medications to reduce acid production Reduce amount of acid released Antacids that neutralize stomach acid
- 8. Nursing management If the patient is vomiting, give antiemetics Administer IV fluids as ordered Provide a bland diet that takes into account his/her food preference Offer smaller or more frequent servings Help patient identify specific foods that cause gastric upset Administer antacids Administer pain medications Monitor patients fluid intake and output Assess the patient for presence of bowel sounds Teach the patient about the disorder
- 9. Health Education Take medicines as directed Avoid NSAIDs Stop smoking Drink fluids and get plenty of rest Take soft foods Drink clear liquids
- 10. Effects of the disorder on elderly Their stomach lining tends to thin with this age Intake of poor quality infected foods Intake of strong solutions of acids and alkalis Improper and long term of medicines. E.g:Corticosteroids
- 11. Conclusion Defintion Signs/symptoms Etiology/cause Medical management Nursing management Health education Effects of the disorder on elderly
- 14. Reference https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gastritis/symptoms-causes/syc- 20355807(1998-2018) http://nursingfile.com/nursing-care-plan/nursing-interventions/nursing-interventions-for- gastritis.html (2018) https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gastritis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355813 (1998-2018)