Gastritis
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Gastritis is defined as inflammation of the stomach lining that is usually confirmed by biopsy. It is most often caused by infectious agents like Helicobacter pylori or autoimmune and hypersensitivity reactions. Gastropathy refers to epithelial cell damage and regeneration without associated inflammation, and is typically caused by irritants such as drugs, bile reflux, dehydration, and congestion. While gastritis requires biopsy for confirmation, gastropathy can be diagnosed based on appearance during endoscopy or radiology without histological evidence.
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Gastritis
Chronic gastritis is long-term inflammation of the stomach lining that can be caused by H. pylori infection, autoimmune disorders, medications like NSAIDs, or stress. It is classified into types based on the affected stomach region and symptoms. Chronic gastritis may progress to gastric atrophy or intestinal metaplasia and increases the risk of peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. Treatment focuses on lifestyle changes like a bland diet and medication to reduce acid production.
Gastritis
Chronic gastritis can be caused by H. pylori infection or autoimmune disorders. H. pylori infection leads to antral predominant gastritis and is associated with peptic ulcers. Untreated, it can progress to complications like MALToma or intestinal metaplasia, increasing cancer risk. Autoimmune gastritis affects the body and fundus, and may be associated with pernicious anemia or gastric carcinoid tumors due to loss of parietal cells. Both can result in atrophy, dysplasia, and intestinal metaplasia predisposing to gastric cancer. Peptic ulcers are chronic mucosal ulcers in the stomach or duodenum caused by an imbalance
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1. Diarrhea is defined as an increase in stool frequency and decrease in stool consistency resulting in a stool weight exceeding 200g in 24 hours.
2. Acute diarrhea lasts less than 2 weeks and is usually infectious in origin such as viral gastroenteritis, while chronic diarrhea lasts over 4 weeks and is often non-infectious such as irritable bowel syndrome.
3. A thorough history relating the diarrhea to the patient's medical history, medications, travel, diet and symptoms is important to determine the cause and guide evaluation and treatment.
Enteritis
This document summarizes different types of enteritis:
1. Acute enteritis is an acute inflammation of the small intestine most commonly caused by food or drink contaminated with pathogens. Symptoms include abdominal pain, cramping, diarrhea and fever.
2. Chronic enteritis is the chronic inflammation of the small intestine which may be hemorrhagic, necrotic, or granulomatous. Hemorrhagic enteritis in turkeys is caused by a Type II Adenovirus and causes sudden death and blood in the vent. Necrotic enteritis in poultry is caused by Clostridium perfringens and results in intestinal thickening and dark diarrhea.
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This document discusses acute gingival infections including acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG), primary herpetic gingivostomatitis, and pericoronitis. It describes the clinical features, etiology, oral signs and symptoms, and treatment for each condition. ANUG is caused by a complex of bacteria and impaired host response, leading to gingival necrosis and pain. Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis is caused by HSV-1 and presents as vesicles and ulcers in infants. Pericoronitis is inflammation around an erupting tooth, often the mandibular third molar, presenting as a swollen, painful flap.
Salmonellosis
Toxic food infections are acute diseases caused by conditionally pathogenic bacteria that produce exotoxins in food. Symptoms include damage to the upper gastrointestinal tract like gastritis and gastroenteritis as well as electrolyte imbalance. Many bacteria can cause these infections by producing enterotoxins or cytotoxins in food before consumption. Toxic food infections have a short incubation period and symptoms develop rapidly after toxin exposure. Treatment focuses on gastric lavage and enterosorbents to remove toxins and bacteria, with antibiotics only used for severe cases. Preventive measures center on proper food storage and preparation to prevent bacterial growth and toxin production.
Chronic Gastritis Pathology
Chronic gastritis is long-term inflammation of the stomach lining that can be caused by H. pylori infection, autoimmune disease, or other factors like radiation or chemotherapy. Symptoms are less severe than acute gastritis and include nausea, abdominal pain, and vomiting. There are different types of chronic gastritis defined by their location and cause, with type B typically caused by H. pylori infection in the stomach antrum and type A caused by an autoimmune response affecting the stomach fundus and body. H. pylori infection is diagnosed through tests like the urea breath test or biopsy and treated with antibiotic therapy.
Gastritis
Gastritis is inflammation of the stomach lining that has many potential causes. It can be acute, caused by infections like H. pylori, or chronic. Chronic gastritis is classified as type A, which affects the stomach body and is autoimmune, or type B, which is antral-predominant and usually caused by H. pylori. Treatment involves eradicating the underlying cause, like H. pylori, and treating complications. Rare forms include lymphocytic, eosinophilic, and Menetrier's disease, characterized by large folds in the stomach lining.
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Gastritis
Chronic gastritis is long-term inflammation of the stomach lining that can be caused by H. pylori infection, autoimmune disorders, medications like NSAIDs, or stress. It is classified into types based on the affected stomach region and symptoms. Chronic gastritis may progress to gastric atrophy or intestinal metaplasia and increases the risk of peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. Treatment focuses on lifestyle changes like a bland diet and medication to reduce acid production.
Gastritis
Chronic gastritis can be caused by H. pylori infection or autoimmune disorders. H. pylori infection leads to antral predominant gastritis and is associated with peptic ulcers. Untreated, it can progress to complications like MALToma or intestinal metaplasia, increasing cancer risk. Autoimmune gastritis affects the body and fundus, and may be associated with pernicious anemia or gastric carcinoid tumors due to loss of parietal cells. Both can result in atrophy, dysplasia, and intestinal metaplasia predisposing to gastric cancer. Peptic ulcers are chronic mucosal ulcers in the stomach or duodenum caused by an imbalance
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1. Diarrhea is defined as an increase in stool frequency and decrease in stool consistency resulting in a stool weight exceeding 200g in 24 hours.
2. Acute diarrhea lasts less than 2 weeks and is usually infectious in origin such as viral gastroenteritis, while chronic diarrhea lasts over 4 weeks and is often non-infectious such as irritable bowel syndrome.
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This document summarizes different types of enteritis:
1. Acute enteritis is an acute inflammation of the small intestine most commonly caused by food or drink contaminated with pathogens. Symptoms include abdominal pain, cramping, diarrhea and fever.
2. Chronic enteritis is the chronic inflammation of the small intestine which may be hemorrhagic, necrotic, or granulomatous. Hemorrhagic enteritis in turkeys is caused by a Type II Adenovirus and causes sudden death and blood in the vent. Necrotic enteritis in poultry is caused by Clostridium perfringens and results in intestinal thickening and dark diarrhea.
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Acute gingival infections PERIO ppt
This document discusses acute gingival infections including acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG), primary herpetic gingivostomatitis, and pericoronitis. It describes the clinical features, etiology, oral signs and symptoms, and treatment for each condition. ANUG is caused by a complex of bacteria and impaired host response, leading to gingival necrosis and pain. Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis is caused by HSV-1 and presents as vesicles and ulcers in infants. Pericoronitis is inflammation around an erupting tooth, often the mandibular third molar, presenting as a swollen, painful flap.
Salmonellosis
Toxic food infections are acute diseases caused by conditionally pathogenic bacteria that produce exotoxins in food. Symptoms include damage to the upper gastrointestinal tract like gastritis and gastroenteritis as well as electrolyte imbalance. Many bacteria can cause these infections by producing enterotoxins or cytotoxins in food before consumption. Toxic food infections have a short incubation period and symptoms develop rapidly after toxin exposure. Treatment focuses on gastric lavage and enterosorbents to remove toxins and bacteria, with antibiotics only used for severe cases. Preventive measures center on proper food storage and preparation to prevent bacterial growth and toxin production.
Chronic Gastritis Pathology
Chronic gastritis is long-term inflammation of the stomach lining that can be caused by H. pylori infection, autoimmune disease, or other factors like radiation or chemotherapy. Symptoms are less severe than acute gastritis and include nausea, abdominal pain, and vomiting. There are different types of chronic gastritis defined by their location and cause, with type B typically caused by H. pylori infection in the stomach antrum and type A caused by an autoimmune response affecting the stomach fundus and body. H. pylori infection is diagnosed through tests like the urea breath test or biopsy and treated with antibiotic therapy.
Gastritis
Gastritis is inflammation of the stomach lining that has many potential causes. It can be acute, caused by infections like H. pylori, or chronic. Chronic gastritis is classified as type A, which affects the stomach body and is autoimmune, or type B, which is antral-predominant and usually caused by H. pylori. Treatment involves eradicating the underlying cause, like H. pylori, and treating complications. Rare forms include lymphocytic, eosinophilic, and Menetrier's disease, characterized by large folds in the stomach lining.
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Gastritis
Gastritis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the stomach lining. It can be caused by infection with H. pylori bacteria, regular use of pain relievers like NSAIDs, excessive alcohol consumption, or other factors. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Gastritis is typically treated with antibiotics to eliminate H. pylori infections, medications to reduce stomach acid production, and antacids. If left untreated, gastritis could potentially lead to stomach ulcers or an increased risk of stomach cancer.
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Gastritis (original)
Gastritis is an inflammation of the stomach lining that is usually caused by infection with Helicobacter pylori bacteria or long-term use of NSAIDs. It can occur suddenly or gradually. Symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Risk factors include H. pylori infection, alcoholism, smoking, older age, and inflammatory bowel disease. Diagnosis involves tests like an upper endoscopy, blood tests, and stool tests. Treatment focuses on eliminating the underlying cause, increasing fluid intake, avoiding irritants, and using medication if needed.
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21 ulcerative colitis
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects the colon. It is characterized by inflammation and ulcers in the lining of the large intestine. The exact cause is unknown but there is a genetic component. Symptoms include diarrhea mixed with blood, abdominal pain, and weight loss. Treatment involves medications to induce and maintain remission of symptoms, with the goal of mucosal healing of the colon. Complications can include toxic megacolon, colorectal cancer, and inflammation in other parts of the body.
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Gastritis
La gastritis es una inflamación del estómago que puede ser aguda o crónica. Se clasifica según su histología, topografía y endoscopia. Los síntomas incluyen dolor abdominal, saciedad precoz y náuseas. El diagnóstico incluye endoscopia y biopsia para detectar la bacteria H. pylori. El tratamiento depende del tipo de gastritis y puede incluir antiácidos, antibióticos para erradicar H. pylori u otros fármacos.
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Gastritis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the stomach lining. It can be caused by infection with H. pylori bacteria, regular use of pain relievers like NSAIDs, excessive alcohol consumption, or other factors. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Gastritis is typically treated with antibiotics to eliminate H. pylori infections, medications to reduce stomach acid production, and antacids. If left untreated, gastritis could potentially lead to stomach ulcers or an increased risk of stomach cancer.
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This document discusses vomiting and anti-emetic drugs. It defines different types of vomiting and regurgitation. It describes the pathophysiology of vomiting which involves the vomiting center in the brainstem coordinating stomach contractions and protective reflexes. Common causes of vomiting are then outlined including abdominal issues, infections, metabolic disorders and nervous system problems. Finally, it lists several classes of anti-emetic drugs like antihistamines, anticholinergics, and 5HT3 receptor antagonists; and describes how they work to treat nausea and vomiting.
Gastritis (original)
Gastritis is an inflammation of the stomach lining that is usually caused by infection with Helicobacter pylori bacteria or long-term use of NSAIDs. It can occur suddenly or gradually. Symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Risk factors include H. pylori infection, alcoholism, smoking, older age, and inflammatory bowel disease. Diagnosis involves tests like an upper endoscopy, blood tests, and stool tests. Treatment focuses on eliminating the underlying cause, increasing fluid intake, avoiding irritants, and using medication if needed.
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The document summarizes various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, including esophageal varices, chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, hemorrhoids, Meckel's diverticulum, appendicitis, tuberculosis of the intestine, schistosomiasis of the appendix, and adenocarcinoma of the colon. For each condition, it discusses etiology, morphology, diagnosis, clinical manifestations, and management. Images are included to demonstrate pathological findings.
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This document discusses acute intestinal infections in children. It describes the most common bacterial and viral causes, including Salmonella, Shigella, E. coli, rotavirus and enterovirus. It then focuses on two specific infections - Shigellosis and Salmonellosis. For Shigellosis, it covers the etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations including symptoms for different severities, classifications of clinical forms, and potential complications. For Salmonellosis, it similarly discusses the etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations such as different clinical forms including the most common gastrointestinal form.
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This document discusses inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. IBD is characterized by chronic, relapsing inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract of unknown etiology. Ulcerative colitis only affects the large intestine, while Crohn's disease can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract and causes transmural inflammation. Both involve periods of disease activity and remission. Common symptoms include abdominal pain and diarrhea. Treatment involves dietary changes, medications like aminosalicylates and immunosuppressants, and sometimes surgery.
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21 ulcerative colitis
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This document discusses Helicobacter pylori, a common bacterium found in the stomach that can cause various gastrointestinal issues. It is present in about half of the world's population. While most infected individuals do not experience symptoms, H. pylori is linked to ulcers, gastritis, and in rare cases, stomach cancer. The document outlines risk factors for infection, potential symptoms, diagnostic tests including blood tests and breath tests, and recommendations for who should be tested.
Gastritis
Gastritis is a condition in which the stomach
lining—known as the mucosa—is inflamed. The stomach lining contains special
cells that produce acid and enzymes, which help break down food for digestion,
and mucus, which protects the stomach lining from acid. When the stomach lining
is inflamed, it produces less acid, enzymes, and mucus.
Gastritis may be acute or chronic. Sudden,
severe inflammation of the stomach lining is called acute gastritis. Inflammation
that lasts for a long time is called chronic gastritis. If chronic gastritis is
not treated, it may last for years or even a lifetime.
Erosive gastritis is a type of gastritis that
often does not cause significant inflammation but can wear away the stomach
lining. Erosive gastritis can cause bleeding, erosions, or ulcers. Erosive
gastritis may be acute or chronic.
The relationship between gastritis and
symptoms is not clear. The term gastritis refers specifically to abnormal
inflammation in the stomach lining. People who have gastritis may experience
pain or discomfort in the upper abdomen, but many people with gastritis do not
have any symptoms.
The term gastritis is sometimes mistakenly
used to describe any symptoms of pain or discomfort in the upper abdomen. Many
diseases and disorders can cause these symptoms. Most people who have upper
abdominal symptoms do not have gastritis.
Gastritis
Este documento trata sobre la gastritis, una inflamación del estómago que puede tener diversas causas. Explica que gastritis es un término amplio que se usa clínicamente como diagnóstico provisional. Entre las causas más comunes se encuentran la infección por Helicobacter pylori, el consumo excesivo de antiinflamatorios no esteroideos o alcohol, y factores de estrés. También describe la fisiopatología subyacente al daño gástrico, los síntomas clínicos, y los enfoques
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This document discusses the anatomy, histology, and pathophysiology of the stomach and gastritis. It begins with the normal anatomy of the stomach, including its three muscle layers, regions, folds, and functions. It then covers the definition, etiology, pathogenesis, morphology, and clinical features of both acute and chronic gastritis. Specifically, it describes how acute gastritis involves neutrophilic infiltration while chronic gastritis involves lymphocytic infiltration over the long term. It also discusses the two main types of chronic gastritis: type B, which is associated with Helicobacter pylori infection, and type A, which is autoimmune in nature.
Gastritis
Este documento describe la gastritis, una inflamación de la mucosa gástrica que puede ser aguda o crónica. La gastritis aguda es transitoria y causada por irritantes locales como el alcohol o los AINES, mientras que la crónica es de larga duración e incluye infección por H. pylori, causas autoinmunes o tóxicas como el tabaco. Los síntomas incluyen dolor abdominal, náuseas o sangrado. El tratamiento de la gastritis crónica por H. pylori requiere antibióticos.
Gastritis
La gastritis es la inflamación del revestimiento del estómago, la cual puede ser aguda o crónica. Existen varios tipos de gastritis como la aguda, crónica, atrófica y por Helicobacter pylori. La gastritis crónica se presenta gradualmente debido a factores como el uso prolongado de medicamentos, infección con H. pylori o reflujo biliar. La gastritis por H. pylori es causada por una bacteria que debilita la cubierta protectora del estómago. El diagnóstico incluye
Gastritis
La gastritis se define como una inflamación de la mucosa gástrica que puede ser aguda o crónica. La gastritis aguda es un proceso inflamatorio generalmente transitorio que puede causar hemorragia, mientras que la gastritis crónica implica cambios inflamatorios crónicos que pueden producir atrofia y metaplasia epitelial. Las principales causas de gastritis son la infección por Helicobacter pylori, el consumo de AINEs, alcohol y tabaco.
Acute & chronic gastritis
This document summarizes acute and chronic gastritis. Acute gastritis is caused by factors like NSAID use, alcohol, smoking, infections, and stress. It involves neutrophil infiltration and can cause erosions and ulceration. Chronic gastritis is defined by long-term inflammation leading to atrophy and intestinal metaplasia. Helicobacter pylori infection is a major cause and results in urease production and cytotoxins that drive chronic inflammation. Autoimmune mechanisms can also lead to chronic gastritis, seen as lymphocytes and plasma cells in the lamina propria and intestinal metaplasia.
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
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Chapter 6
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Mysore WhatsApp group:- https://chat.whatsapp.com/EhqtHtCC75vCAX7gaO842N
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Shubham Chaurasia - https://www.linkedin.com/in/shubhamchaurasia1/
Giridhar Meka - https://www.linkedin.com/in/giridharmeka
Priya Shaw - https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-shaw
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Gastritis
- 2. Definition The term gastritis is used to denote inflammation associated with mucosal injury Gastritis is mostly a histological term that needs biopsy to be confirmed Gastritis is usually due to infectious agents (such as Helicobacter pylori) and autoimmune and hypersensitivity reactions.
- 3. Definition Epithelial cell damage and regeneration without associated inflammation is properly referred to as "gastropathy.“ Gastropathy may be referred without histological evidence and just according to gross appearance in endoscopy or radiology Gastropathy is usually caused by irritants such as drugs (eg, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents and alcohol), bile reflux, hypovolemia, and chronic congestion.