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Gas turbine driven compressors
A gas turbine drives a reciprocating compressor to compress natural gas from a pipeline at 55 bar into underground storage caverns at 150 bar. A two-stage gearbox connects the gas turbine to the compressor, stepping down the turbine speed of 333 rpm for the compressor. Gas turbines convert the heat of fuel into mechanical energy via compression, combustion, and expansion components to power generators or machinery. They are more efficient than other internal combustion engines due to operating in a continuous thermodynamic cycle.
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Gas turbine driven compressors
- 1. By: SatyendraNath Dwivedi Triune Energy Services, New Delhi
- 2. Triune Energy Services,New Delhi
- 3. Nuovo PignoneMS 1002 R regenerative cycle gas turbines, (34% efficiency, rated 4,620 kw ISO) drives 4HG Reciprocating Compressor to compress natural gas from the pipeline (55 Bar)into artificial caverns (150 Bar) for storage. A two-stage epicyclic gearbox with gear ratio of 31:1 steps down turbine shaft speed to the compressor speed of 333 rpm. Triune Energy Services, New Delhi
- 4. Triune Energy Services,New Delhi
- 5. Triune Energy Services,New Delhi
- 6. A Gasturbine is an Internal Combustion Engine that converts heat energy of the fuel into mechanical energy via three main elements – a compressor, combustor and turbine. As gas turbines operate in a continuous thermodynamic cycle, they have a higher power density than other types of internal combustion engines. Triune Energy Services, New Delhi
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- 9. Work output ofa gas turbine increases with: Higher pressure ratio generated in the compressor Higher combustor exit temperature, normally restricted by the high temperature capability of combustor and turbine components More efficient secondary systems (cooling, sealing) PL ENGINEERING
- 10. Functionally Gas turbinesmay be classified in two broad categories: Gas Turbines for Power Generation Gas Turbines for Mechanical Drive Power Generation Gas Turbines are huge and are normally operated in the Combined Cycle, using a Steam Turbine along with a Waste Heat Recovery Boiler. PL ENGINEERING
- 11. Combined cyclepower plants feature gas and steam turbines. The gas turbine generates electricity using natural gas fuel, while the steam turbine generates electricity using waste heat from the gas turbine. The process is extremely efficient since exhaust heat is re-used that would otherwise be lost through the exhaust stack. PL ENGINEERING
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- 13. A gasturbine compresses air and mixes it with fuel. The fuel is burned and the resultant hot air- fuel mixture is expanded through turbine blades, making them spin about a shaft. The spinning turbine drives a generator that converts the spinning energy into electricity. Exhaust heat from the gas turbine is sent to a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) The HRSG creates steam using the gas turbine exhaust heat and delivers it to the steam turbine The steam turbine delivers additional energy to the generator drive shaft The generator converts the energy into electricity PL ENGINEERING
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- 16. GE H SeriesGas Turbine for Power Generation PL ENGINEERING
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- 18. Gas turbines formechanical drive applications may be classified in two broad categories: Aero-derivative Gas Turbines Industrial Gas Turbines Industrial Gas Turbines are having frames, bearings and fans of a heavier construction. PL ENGINEERING
- 19. GE Industrial GasTurbines Mechanical Drive PL ENGINEERING
- 20. Rolls Royce IndustrialTrent PL ENGINEERING
- 21. SOLAR Titan 250(22MW) PL ENGINEERING
- 22. SOLAR Titan250 (22MW) PL ENGINEERING
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- 28. Gas turbines manufacturersfor mechanical drive applications are: GE Alstom Rolls Royce Siemens MAN Turbo Solar Dresser-Rand Mitsubishi Niigata PL ENGINEERING
- 29. Power Generation Applicationsand Customers mostly require: Cost of Electricity Ruggedness Cost of Operation & Maintenance (O&M) PL ENGINEERING
- 30. Oil and GasApplications and Customers mostly require: High Availability/ Reliability Ruggedness High Power/ Weight Ratio PL ENGINEERING
- 31. Because of theseinherent market differences, Oil and Gas Customers often insist on Compliance to API Codes and are willing to Accept the resultant high Turbomachinery Costs PL ENGINEERING
- 32. Gas turbines forthe Petroleum, Chemical and Gas Industry services are covered under API Standard 616 (Fourth Edition, August 1998) PL ENGINEERING
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- 41. ‘Unit Responsibility’(in accordance with Clause 3.5.1 of API 661) can be given either to Gas Turbine Vendor or to Compressor vendor. For more complex projects ‘Unit Responsibility’ as Prime contractor is given to Compressor manufacturer (Gas turbine being off-the shelf and compressor being customized). PL ENGINEERING
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- 43. As Turbocompressorsare complex mechanical devices, they require electronic and mechanical controls as well as instrumentation. The Control system of a Gas turbine driven compressor must, as a minimum, provide following functions through a Human Machine Interface (HMI): PL ENGINEERING
- 44. Machinery Monitoringand protection Equipment Starting, Shutdown, and Protective sequencing Stable Equipment Operation Alarm, Shutdown Logic Backup (relay) Shutdown PL ENGINEERING
- 45. Driven LoadRegulation Fuel/ Speed Control Process Control Surge Control Communication – Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) - Interface PL ENGINEERING
- 46. Thank You Satyendra NathDwivedi PL ENGINEERING