In this paper, dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) with enhanced gain operating on the higher
order mode (푇퐸훿15
푥 ) is presented. The dielectric resonator antenna with dielectric constant 휀푟 of 10 and
loss tangent of 0.002 is used. The DRA is fed by microstrip line through an aperture slot. The proposed
antenna is designed at 26 GHz and achieved a gain of 7.9 dBi with corresponding simulated radiation
efficiency of 93%. The impedance bandwidth of 1.5 GHz from 25.1 GHz to 26.6 GHz has been achieved.
The reflection coefficient, antenna gain, radiation patterns, and efficiency of the antenna are studied.
Simulations are performed using CST microwave studio, and their results are presented.
Validation study of path loss models onijngnjournal
The radio wave propagation in form of path loss model plays very significant role in planning of any
wireless communication network. Measurement of signal strength of OFDM driven WiMAX technology at
2.6 GHz band is taken in Suburban Town of India. The results are analyzed and compared with Empirical
path loss models such as Hata-Okumura, Modified Hata and COST-231Hata. COST-231 model shows
highest path loss for suburban environment. These analyzed results establish that COST-231 model is
suitable for suburban environment also. Threshold RSSI estimates cell coverage probability in the area.
Design and analysis of microstrip antenna with zig-zag feeder for wireless co...journalBEEI
This paper is presented a microstrip antenna with a zig-zag feeder for wireless communication, it has a wideband frequency spectrum (2-14) GHz. The proposed antenna is designed with a zig zag feed line which gave a wideband frequency and acceptable gain (7.448-5.928) dB, this antenna has zig zag slots printed in the ground plane on a lower side of the dielectric substrate, a certain form tuning stub is used to increase the matching between the feeder in the top layer of the substrate and ground plane in the bottom, this stub has an elliptical slot to performance matching input impedance with the feed line. The feeding technique used to feed this antenna is a strip feed line of 50 Ω. Different types of techniques are used to enhance the bandwidth of this antenna to get a wideband suitable for the requirements of the UWB antenna such as adjust the feed point position of the feed line with a tuning stub. All the radiation properties of the presented antenna are tested such as bandwidth, radiation pattern, and, gain.
Validation study of path loss models onijngnjournal
The radio wave propagation in form of path loss model plays very significant role in planning of any
wireless communication network. Measurement of signal strength of OFDM driven WiMAX technology at
2.6 GHz band is taken in Suburban Town of India. The results are analyzed and compared with Empirical
path loss models such as Hata-Okumura, Modified Hata and COST-231Hata. COST-231 model shows
highest path loss for suburban environment. These analyzed results establish that COST-231 model is
suitable for suburban environment also. Threshold RSSI estimates cell coverage probability in the area.
Design and analysis of microstrip antenna with zig-zag feeder for wireless co...journalBEEI
This paper is presented a microstrip antenna with a zig-zag feeder for wireless communication, it has a wideband frequency spectrum (2-14) GHz. The proposed antenna is designed with a zig zag feed line which gave a wideband frequency and acceptable gain (7.448-5.928) dB, this antenna has zig zag slots printed in the ground plane on a lower side of the dielectric substrate, a certain form tuning stub is used to increase the matching between the feeder in the top layer of the substrate and ground plane in the bottom, this stub has an elliptical slot to performance matching input impedance with the feed line. The feeding technique used to feed this antenna is a strip feed line of 50 Ω. Different types of techniques are used to enhance the bandwidth of this antenna to get a wideband suitable for the requirements of the UWB antenna such as adjust the feed point position of the feed line with a tuning stub. All the radiation properties of the presented antenna are tested such as bandwidth, radiation pattern, and, gain.
Performance analysis of beam divergence propagation through rainwater and sno...journalBEEI
In the present work the future communication requirements need to fulfill with high data rate, FSO (free space optic) with it is tremendous potential is the solution. This research observed the effectiveness analysis of FSO systems by modifying one of the most important FSO parameters beam divergence, under the most affected weather attenuating condition Rainwater and snow pack. The simulation is obtained and analyzed under single channels CSRZ-FSO (carrier-suppressed return-to-zero/free space optical) systems having capacity of 40 Gbps between two transceivers with variable distance. The connection is presently under 5 meteorological turbulences (light rain, medium rain, wet snow, heavy rain and dry snow). The results show the heavy rain and dry snow have a very high attenuation carried out in terms of Q-factor. this result led us to conclude that small divergence offers significant performance improvement for FSO link and this performance decrease every time the beam divergence increase, Therefore, to build inexpensive and reliable transmission media, we go with new method that still in the experiment area called hybrid RF/FSO (radio frequency/free space optical) that compatible with atmospherically status.
Outage performance users located outside D2D coverage area in downlink cellul...journalBEEI
Device-to-device (D2D) communication has been proposed to employ the proximity between two devices to enhance the overall spectrum utilization of a crowded cellular network. With the help of geometric probability tools, this framework considers the performance of cellular users under spatial separation with the D2D pair is investigated. The measurement results and analytical expression of outage probability show that the proposed frameworks improve the outage performance at a high signal-tonoise ratio (SNR) at the base station. Results also interpret that the distances between nodes in the D2D-assisted network make slight impacts on the performance of the cellular user.
Broadband Rhombus Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna With U Shaped Slot For Wima...IJERA Editor
The aim of this paper is to enhance the bandwidth of Rhombus ShapedMicrostrip Patch Antenna.For this purpose, we cut „U‟ shaped slot in the proposed antenna geometry. The dielectric substrate material of the antenna is glass epoxy FR4 having εr=4.4 and loss tangent 0.025. The performance of the final modified antenna is compared with that of a conventional Rectangular Patch Microstrip Antenna and conventional Rhombus Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna. The designed antenna has two resonant frequencies 5.20 GHz and 5.58 GHz. So this antenna is best suitable for the WiMax applications. The designed antenna offers much improved impedance bandwidth 22.32%. This is approximately six times higher than that in a conventional rectangular patch antenna (Bandwidth= 3.6%) having the same dimensions.
16 15032 hight order ijeecs 1570310229 (manuscript)(edit)nooriasukmaningtyas
The excitation of the higher-order mode, 〖〖TE〗^y〗_1δ3 in rectangular dielectric resonator designed was explored to enhance the antenna gain and detailed elaboration is presented in this paper. The antenna was fed by a 50Ω microstrip line through an aperture cut in the ground plane. Besides avoiding spurious radiation, this feeding technique gives flexibility in controlling the amount of coupling in order to reduce the Q-factor in the higher-order mode RDRA. A design was developed and subsequently simulated using Ansoft HFSS ver 16.0 by utilizing Duroid 5880 dielectric substrate with a thickness (ts) of 0.254 mm, a permittivity (εs) of 2.2 and a loss tangent (δ) of 0.001 at 15 GHz. The higher-order mode, 〖〖TE〗^y〗_1δ3 RDRA achieved the measured gain at 9.76 dBi and the measured impedance bandwidth as much 2.5 GHz which is 4.7% more compared to the fundamental mode, 〖〖TE〗^y〗_1δ1. The result should be considered suitable for 5G applications.
A new look on CSI imperfection in downlink NOMA systemsjournalBEEI
Observing that cooperative scheme benefits to non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) systems, we focus on system performance analysis of downlink. However, spectrum efficiency is still high priority to be addressed in existing systems and hence this paper presents full-duplex enabling in NOMA systems. Other challenge needs be considered related to channel state information (CSI). In particular, we derive closedform expressions of outage probability for such NOMA systems under the presence of CSI imperfection. Furthermore, to fully exploit practical environment, we provide system model associated with Nakagami-m fading. The Monte-Carlo simulations are conducted to verify the exactness of considered systems.
Circularly polarized antenna array based on hybrid couplers for 5G devicesjournalBEEI
This paper depicts a wideband circularly polarized (CP) antenna for 5G devices. The antenna array has a 3D structure including four simple printed dipole elements with directional radiations, high gain, and high efficiency. It achieves a CP by using the sequential rotation (SR) feeding based on 90°-3dB hybrid couplers in the proposed feeding network. The antenna array bandwidth is wide, 26.7%, with an operating frequency band from 3.35 GHz to 4.35 GHz. The antenna achieves a high peak gain of 10.73 dBi and high efficiency of 93.75%. Besides, the antenna gain is stable over the operating bandwidth (BW). At the centre operating frequency of 3.75 GHz, the angle of circular polarization is 51°. The antenna is designed and fabricated on the Rogers 4003 C substrate. The measured S11 is well matching with the simulation results. With the above characteristics, the proposed antenna can be a suitable candidate for 5G devices.
Dual-band aperture coupled antenna with harmonic suppression capabilityTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
The paper presents an aperture-coupled dual-band linearly-polarized antenna with harmonic suppression capability, operating at frequency 2.45 GHz and 5.00 GHz. In purpose of improving the directivity of antenna at the operating frequency of 2.45 GHz and 5.00 GHz, a modified inverted π-shaped slot-etched patch on the lower layer of the stacked antenna is introduced alongside the 50 Ω feed line. The harmonic suppression capability is achieved by the introduction of U-slot and asymmetrical left-right-handed stub at the transmission feed line, suppressing unwanted harmonic signals from 6.00 GHz up to 10.00 GHz. The final design of the antenna has produced very good reflection coefficient of -18.87 dB at 2.45 GHz and -19.57 dB at 5.00 GHz with third and higher order harmonic suppression up to -4 dB.
Design of Square Miniaturized L Band Fractal AntennaEditor IJMTER
This paper introduces a new square patch miniaturized antenna operating in L band. The
design and analysis of the antenna is executed using IE3D electromagnetic simulation software using
substrate parameter of glass epoxy FR-4 substrate. In this paper, a Square patch of 10X10 mm2 is
investigated. In further improvements, parts of the patch are removed in two iterations to obtain a
miniaturized antenna. The proposed fractal antenna has a great potential of application and gives a
stable radiation performance in the frequency range of 1.333 GHz to 2 GHz.
Design of Compact Monopole Antenna using Double U-DMS Resonators for WLAN, LT...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In this research, a novel wide-band microstrip antenna for wideband applications is proposed.
The proposed antenna consists of a square radiating patch and a partial ground plane with a smal
rectangular notch-shape. Two symmetrical U-slots are etched in radiating patch. The defected microstrip
U-shapes and the small notch improve the antenna characterestics such impedance wideband and the
gain along the transmission area. The proposed antenna is simulated on an FR4 substrate of a dielectric
constant of 4.3, thickness 1.6 mm, permittivity 4.4, and loss tangent 0.018. The simulation and optimization
results are carried out using CST software.The antenna topology occupies an area of 30 × 40 × 0.8 mm3
or about 0.629λg × 0.839λg × 0.017λg at 3 GHz (the centerresonance frequency). The antenna covers the
range of 2.1711 to 4.0531 GHz, which meet the requirements of the wireless local area network (WLAN),
worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) and LTE (Long Term Evolution) band
applications. Good VSWR, return loss and radiation pattern characteristics are obtained in the frequency
band of interest. The obtained Simulation results for this antenna depict that it exhibits good radiation
behavior within the transmission frequency range.
A Compact Dual Band Dielectric Resonator Antenna For Wireless ApplicationsIJCNCJournal
This paper presents the design of a dual band rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA)
coupled to narrow slot aperture that is fed by microstrip line. The fundamental TE111 mode and
higher-order TE113 mode are excited with their resonant frequencies respectively. These
frequencies can be controlled by changing the DRA dimensions. A dielectric resonator with high
permittivity is used to miniaturize the global structure. The proposed antenna is designed to have
dual band operation suitable for both DCS (1710 - 1880 MHz) and WLAN (2400 - 2484 MHz)
applications. The return loss, radiation pattern and gain of the proposed antenna are evaluated.
Reasonable agreement between simulation and experimental results is obtained.
A wideband dielectric resonator antenna with a cross slot aperture for 5G com...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This paper represents design of a wideband Rectangular Dielectric Resonator antenna fed by an aperture coupled technique. A bandwidth of 2.2 GHz has been achieved using a cross slot aperture in a ground plane for Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA). The simulated gain value achieved is 6.5 dBi. The Rectangular Dielectric Resonator which has been designed in this paper can be used in 5G application frequency band of 24.25-27.5 GHz. The calculated percentage bandwidth is 15.38%. An optimization of slot dimensions has also mentioned which can help to select a desired impedance match. The measured gain and bandwidth are efficient to use this design for various 5G applications. This unit cell wideband DRA can be used for millimeter wave frequencies of 5G.
Wideband and high gain dielectric resonator antenna for 5G applicationsjournalBEEI
In this paper, wideband high gain dielectric resonator antenna for 5G applications is presented. Higher order mode is exploited to enhance the antenna gain, while the array of symmetrical cylindrical shaped holes drilled in the DRA to improves the bandwidth by reducing the quality factor. The proposed DRA is designed using dielectric material with relative permittivity of 10 and loss tangent of 0. 002.The Rogers RT/Droid 5880 has been selected as substrate with relative permittivity of 2.2, loss tangent of 0.0009- and 0.254-mm thickness. The simulated results show that, the proposed geometry has achieved a wide impedance bandwidth of 17.3% (23.8-28.3GHz=4.5 GHz) for S11<-10 dB, and a maximum gain of about 9.3 dBi with radiation efficiency of 96% at design frequency of 26 GHz. The DRA is feed by microstrip transmission line with slot aperture. The reflection coefficient, the radiation pattern, and the antenna gain are studied by full-wave EM simulator CST Microwave Studio. The proposed antenna can be used for the 5G communication applications such as device to device communication (D2D).
Performance analysis of beam divergence propagation through rainwater and sno...journalBEEI
In the present work the future communication requirements need to fulfill with high data rate, FSO (free space optic) with it is tremendous potential is the solution. This research observed the effectiveness analysis of FSO systems by modifying one of the most important FSO parameters beam divergence, under the most affected weather attenuating condition Rainwater and snow pack. The simulation is obtained and analyzed under single channels CSRZ-FSO (carrier-suppressed return-to-zero/free space optical) systems having capacity of 40 Gbps between two transceivers with variable distance. The connection is presently under 5 meteorological turbulences (light rain, medium rain, wet snow, heavy rain and dry snow). The results show the heavy rain and dry snow have a very high attenuation carried out in terms of Q-factor. this result led us to conclude that small divergence offers significant performance improvement for FSO link and this performance decrease every time the beam divergence increase, Therefore, to build inexpensive and reliable transmission media, we go with new method that still in the experiment area called hybrid RF/FSO (radio frequency/free space optical) that compatible with atmospherically status.
Outage performance users located outside D2D coverage area in downlink cellul...journalBEEI
Device-to-device (D2D) communication has been proposed to employ the proximity between two devices to enhance the overall spectrum utilization of a crowded cellular network. With the help of geometric probability tools, this framework considers the performance of cellular users under spatial separation with the D2D pair is investigated. The measurement results and analytical expression of outage probability show that the proposed frameworks improve the outage performance at a high signal-tonoise ratio (SNR) at the base station. Results also interpret that the distances between nodes in the D2D-assisted network make slight impacts on the performance of the cellular user.
Broadband Rhombus Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna With U Shaped Slot For Wima...IJERA Editor
The aim of this paper is to enhance the bandwidth of Rhombus ShapedMicrostrip Patch Antenna.For this purpose, we cut „U‟ shaped slot in the proposed antenna geometry. The dielectric substrate material of the antenna is glass epoxy FR4 having εr=4.4 and loss tangent 0.025. The performance of the final modified antenna is compared with that of a conventional Rectangular Patch Microstrip Antenna and conventional Rhombus Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna. The designed antenna has two resonant frequencies 5.20 GHz and 5.58 GHz. So this antenna is best suitable for the WiMax applications. The designed antenna offers much improved impedance bandwidth 22.32%. This is approximately six times higher than that in a conventional rectangular patch antenna (Bandwidth= 3.6%) having the same dimensions.
16 15032 hight order ijeecs 1570310229 (manuscript)(edit)nooriasukmaningtyas
The excitation of the higher-order mode, 〖〖TE〗^y〗_1δ3 in rectangular dielectric resonator designed was explored to enhance the antenna gain and detailed elaboration is presented in this paper. The antenna was fed by a 50Ω microstrip line through an aperture cut in the ground plane. Besides avoiding spurious radiation, this feeding technique gives flexibility in controlling the amount of coupling in order to reduce the Q-factor in the higher-order mode RDRA. A design was developed and subsequently simulated using Ansoft HFSS ver 16.0 by utilizing Duroid 5880 dielectric substrate with a thickness (ts) of 0.254 mm, a permittivity (εs) of 2.2 and a loss tangent (δ) of 0.001 at 15 GHz. The higher-order mode, 〖〖TE〗^y〗_1δ3 RDRA achieved the measured gain at 9.76 dBi and the measured impedance bandwidth as much 2.5 GHz which is 4.7% more compared to the fundamental mode, 〖〖TE〗^y〗_1δ1. The result should be considered suitable for 5G applications.
A new look on CSI imperfection in downlink NOMA systemsjournalBEEI
Observing that cooperative scheme benefits to non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) systems, we focus on system performance analysis of downlink. However, spectrum efficiency is still high priority to be addressed in existing systems and hence this paper presents full-duplex enabling in NOMA systems. Other challenge needs be considered related to channel state information (CSI). In particular, we derive closedform expressions of outage probability for such NOMA systems under the presence of CSI imperfection. Furthermore, to fully exploit practical environment, we provide system model associated with Nakagami-m fading. The Monte-Carlo simulations are conducted to verify the exactness of considered systems.
Circularly polarized antenna array based on hybrid couplers for 5G devicesjournalBEEI
This paper depicts a wideband circularly polarized (CP) antenna for 5G devices. The antenna array has a 3D structure including four simple printed dipole elements with directional radiations, high gain, and high efficiency. It achieves a CP by using the sequential rotation (SR) feeding based on 90°-3dB hybrid couplers in the proposed feeding network. The antenna array bandwidth is wide, 26.7%, with an operating frequency band from 3.35 GHz to 4.35 GHz. The antenna achieves a high peak gain of 10.73 dBi and high efficiency of 93.75%. Besides, the antenna gain is stable over the operating bandwidth (BW). At the centre operating frequency of 3.75 GHz, the angle of circular polarization is 51°. The antenna is designed and fabricated on the Rogers 4003 C substrate. The measured S11 is well matching with the simulation results. With the above characteristics, the proposed antenna can be a suitable candidate for 5G devices.
Dual-band aperture coupled antenna with harmonic suppression capabilityTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
The paper presents an aperture-coupled dual-band linearly-polarized antenna with harmonic suppression capability, operating at frequency 2.45 GHz and 5.00 GHz. In purpose of improving the directivity of antenna at the operating frequency of 2.45 GHz and 5.00 GHz, a modified inverted π-shaped slot-etched patch on the lower layer of the stacked antenna is introduced alongside the 50 Ω feed line. The harmonic suppression capability is achieved by the introduction of U-slot and asymmetrical left-right-handed stub at the transmission feed line, suppressing unwanted harmonic signals from 6.00 GHz up to 10.00 GHz. The final design of the antenna has produced very good reflection coefficient of -18.87 dB at 2.45 GHz and -19.57 dB at 5.00 GHz with third and higher order harmonic suppression up to -4 dB.
Design of Square Miniaturized L Band Fractal AntennaEditor IJMTER
This paper introduces a new square patch miniaturized antenna operating in L band. The
design and analysis of the antenna is executed using IE3D electromagnetic simulation software using
substrate parameter of glass epoxy FR-4 substrate. In this paper, a Square patch of 10X10 mm2 is
investigated. In further improvements, parts of the patch are removed in two iterations to obtain a
miniaturized antenna. The proposed fractal antenna has a great potential of application and gives a
stable radiation performance in the frequency range of 1.333 GHz to 2 GHz.
Design of Compact Monopole Antenna using Double U-DMS Resonators for WLAN, LT...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In this research, a novel wide-band microstrip antenna for wideband applications is proposed.
The proposed antenna consists of a square radiating patch and a partial ground plane with a smal
rectangular notch-shape. Two symmetrical U-slots are etched in radiating patch. The defected microstrip
U-shapes and the small notch improve the antenna characterestics such impedance wideband and the
gain along the transmission area. The proposed antenna is simulated on an FR4 substrate of a dielectric
constant of 4.3, thickness 1.6 mm, permittivity 4.4, and loss tangent 0.018. The simulation and optimization
results are carried out using CST software.The antenna topology occupies an area of 30 × 40 × 0.8 mm3
or about 0.629λg × 0.839λg × 0.017λg at 3 GHz (the centerresonance frequency). The antenna covers the
range of 2.1711 to 4.0531 GHz, which meet the requirements of the wireless local area network (WLAN),
worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) and LTE (Long Term Evolution) band
applications. Good VSWR, return loss and radiation pattern characteristics are obtained in the frequency
band of interest. The obtained Simulation results for this antenna depict that it exhibits good radiation
behavior within the transmission frequency range.
A Compact Dual Band Dielectric Resonator Antenna For Wireless ApplicationsIJCNCJournal
This paper presents the design of a dual band rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA)
coupled to narrow slot aperture that is fed by microstrip line. The fundamental TE111 mode and
higher-order TE113 mode are excited with their resonant frequencies respectively. These
frequencies can be controlled by changing the DRA dimensions. A dielectric resonator with high
permittivity is used to miniaturize the global structure. The proposed antenna is designed to have
dual band operation suitable for both DCS (1710 - 1880 MHz) and WLAN (2400 - 2484 MHz)
applications. The return loss, radiation pattern and gain of the proposed antenna are evaluated.
Reasonable agreement between simulation and experimental results is obtained.
A wideband dielectric resonator antenna with a cross slot aperture for 5G com...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This paper represents design of a wideband Rectangular Dielectric Resonator antenna fed by an aperture coupled technique. A bandwidth of 2.2 GHz has been achieved using a cross slot aperture in a ground plane for Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA). The simulated gain value achieved is 6.5 dBi. The Rectangular Dielectric Resonator which has been designed in this paper can be used in 5G application frequency band of 24.25-27.5 GHz. The calculated percentage bandwidth is 15.38%. An optimization of slot dimensions has also mentioned which can help to select a desired impedance match. The measured gain and bandwidth are efficient to use this design for various 5G applications. This unit cell wideband DRA can be used for millimeter wave frequencies of 5G.
Wideband and high gain dielectric resonator antenna for 5G applicationsjournalBEEI
In this paper, wideband high gain dielectric resonator antenna for 5G applications is presented. Higher order mode is exploited to enhance the antenna gain, while the array of symmetrical cylindrical shaped holes drilled in the DRA to improves the bandwidth by reducing the quality factor. The proposed DRA is designed using dielectric material with relative permittivity of 10 and loss tangent of 0. 002.The Rogers RT/Droid 5880 has been selected as substrate with relative permittivity of 2.2, loss tangent of 0.0009- and 0.254-mm thickness. The simulated results show that, the proposed geometry has achieved a wide impedance bandwidth of 17.3% (23.8-28.3GHz=4.5 GHz) for S11<-10 dB, and a maximum gain of about 9.3 dBi with radiation efficiency of 96% at design frequency of 26 GHz. The DRA is feed by microstrip transmission line with slot aperture. The reflection coefficient, the radiation pattern, and the antenna gain are studied by full-wave EM simulator CST Microwave Studio. The proposed antenna can be used for the 5G communication applications such as device to device communication (D2D).
Higher order mode dielectric resonator antenna excited using microstrip linejournalBEEI
In this paper, the square-shaped dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) operating on higher order (푇퐸훿13) mode for the fifth generation (5G) communication applications is presented. The proposed DR antenna is excited by using a microstrip feed line and designed at the operating frequency of 28 GHz. The Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 material having a thickness of 0.254mm and a dielectric constant of 2.2 is used for the substrate. The commercial CST microwave studio (CST MWS) is used for the optimization and simulation of the antenna design. The reflection coefficient, antenna gain, radiation efficiency, VSWR and radiation pattern are studied. A -10dB bandwidth of 4.6% (1.3 GHz) for VSWR<2 with a gain of 5 dBi and radiation efficiency of 89%. The proposed antenna design is suitable for future 5G wireless communication applications.
21 15036 design of planar dielectric resonator antenna array at 28 g hz(edit)nooriasukmaningtyas
This article presents a planar array of rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna operating for 28 GHz applications. The proposed antenna is formed through two stages of designs which are a single element and planar array. It is made up from a ceramic material with a dielectric constant of 10 and mounted on RT/Duroid 5880 with a relative permittivity of 2.2 and a thickness of 0.254 mm. A prospective study using three different configurations of three by three planar array is done in order to obtain the best performance in terms of bandwidth, gain, and cost reduction. Besides that, this study is also conducted for a beam steering capability of each configuration. Finally, the best configuration is proposed for 5G application.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Dielectric Resonator Reflectarray Antenna Unit Cells for 5G Applications IJECEIAES
This paper presents an investigation for the performance comparison of three different unit cell configurations operating at 26 GHz for 5G applications. The unit cells are cross shape dielectric resonator, cross microstrip patch and cross hybrid dielectric resonator. Verification of the comparison has been done by simulations using commercial Computer Simulation Technology Microwave Studio (CST MWS). The simulated results for reflection phase, slope variation, reflection loss and 10% bandwidth were analyzed and compared. The results indicate that the optimum configuration to be deployed for the reflectarray’s unit element in order to fulfill the 5G requirements of a wide bandwidth is the cross hybrid DRA. This configuration is a combination of cross DRA with cross microstrip patch as the parasitic element in order to tune the phase and provide a wide phase range with smooth variation slope. Cross hybrid DRA provided a wide phase range of 520° with 0.77 dB loss and 10% bandwidth of 160 MHz.
Design and Simulation of Compact Wideband Rectangular Dielectric Resonator An...ijsrd.com
An objective of the paper is to optimize the parameters, and simulation analysis of compact wideband rectangular dielectric resonator antenna (RDRA). In this paper, a compact wideband, rectangular dielectric resonator antenna is presented using relatively low dielectric constant material and using double microstrip patch. The rectangular DRA is fed with a modified stepped microstrip feed to ensure efficient coupling between the RDRA and the feeder. The performance of the proposed antenna has been significantly improved by loading the RDRA with two narrow conducting metallic strips of suitable widths, which results in dual-resonance excitation and leads to a wider operating bandwidth (16.274-18.200 GHz). The frequency characteristics and radiation performance of the proposed antenna are successfully optimized. Design and simulation results are in excellent agreement.
Bandwidth and Gain Enhancement of MIMO Antenna by Using Ring and Circular Par...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This research was proposed a circular patch MIMO antenna by using a ring and circular parasitic
radiator structure. As a novelty, in order to enhance bandwidth and gain of circular patch MIMO antenna, a
conventional circular patch MIMO antenna will be added a ring and a circular parasitic. Therefore, this
research was investigated a conventional MIMO antenna (C-MA), ring parasitic MIMO antenna (RP-MA),
and circular parasitic MIMO antenna (CP-MA) as Model 1, Model 2, and Model 3, respectively. This MIMO
antenna was designed on FR4 microstrip substrate with r= 4.4, thickness h=1.6 mm, and tan = 0.0265.
This MIMO antenna has center frequency 2.35 GHz which is a frequency band for LTE application in
Indonesia. An Advance Design System (ADS) software was used to determine the antenna parameters.
The MIMO antenna C-MA / RP-MA/ CP-MA achieves 2.36GHz/ 2.38GHz/ 2.38 GHz, 70 MHz/ 100 MHz/
120 MHz, 1.625 dBi/ 4.066 dBi/ 4.117 dBi, 6.414 dBi/ 7.26 dBi/ 7.153 dBi, 33.9 %/ 47.8 %/ 49.70 %, -12.35
dB/ -22.21 dB/ -23.66 dB, and -30.924 dB/ -28.46 dB/ -27.59 dB for center frequency, bandwidth, gain,
directivity, efficiency, reflection coefficient, and mutual coupling, respectively. Compared to C-MA (Model1)
performances, The result showed that proposed antenna has wider-bandwidth/ higher-gain with 42.8%/
150.2 %, and 71.4%/ 163.3% for RP-MA (Model 2) and CP-MA (Model 3), respectively. The proposed
antenna has size of 50 mm x 130 mm x 23.2 mm. Measured results are in a good agreement with the
simulated results.
In this paper, a novel multi-frequency microstrip antenna with complementary ring slot resonator (CRSR) structure that satisfies Bluetooth, worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), and wireless local area network (WLAN) applications is proposed. The conventional antenna consists of a circular microstrip patch at a resonance frequency band of 2.5 GHz. By loading two CRSR at the radiating element, three operating frequency bands 2.5 GHz, 3.6 GHz, and 5.2 GHz are achieved. The operational bands covered by the antenna are Bluetooth 2.5 GHz, WiMAX 3.6 GHz, and WLAN 5.2 GHz. The insertion of CRSR to patch antenna has made it possible to compact and simple design, and miniaturized antenna for cognitive radio. Moreover, the directivity of the proposed antenna is adequate with acceptable radiation properties and perfectly matches with the simulated and measured results.
A new configuration of a printed diplexer designed for DCS and ISM bandsTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This work presents a new study on the design of a microstrip diplexer configuration optimized and validated for ISM and DCS frequency bands. The achieved structure is based on microstrip technology, the goal was to design two printed bandpass filters one for ISM band and the other one for DCS frequency band.The two microstrip filters are associated by using a T-junction which permits to validate a diplexer in the frequency bands DCS-Band receiver [1.74–2 GHz] and ISM-Band transmitter [2.3–2.55 GHz]. The whole size of the final circuit is 130x50 mm2. After the validation of the proposed diplexer into simulation we have fabricated and tested it by using VNA which permits to have a good agremment between simulation and measurements.
Design of Miniaturized Multiband Patch Antenna Using CSRR for WLAN/WiMAX Appl...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
A novel miniaturized multiband, single-feed microstrip patch antenna is presented in this paper for
WLAN and WiMAX applications. Both size reduction and multiband are obtained by etching the Multiple
Complementary Split Ring Resonators (MC-SRR) on the ground plane of the normal patch antenna. At
first, the normal patch antenna produces a single band of 5.15 GHz; 200 MHz (5.0500~5.2499).
Subsequently, a Single Circular Split Ring Resonator (SC-SRR) is etched on the ground plane and
produces a triple band of: 3.25 GHz; 288 MHz (3.1085~3.3964), 4.5 GHz; 101.3 MHz (4.4488~4.5501),
and 5.22 GHz; 220 MHz (5.1191~5.3400) and Double Single Circular Split Ring Resonator (DC-MCSRR)
with: 2.99 GHz; 60.7 MHz (2.9574~3.0181), 3.57 GHz; 324.7 MHz (3.4065~3.7312), and 5.1413 GHz;
115.4 MHz (5.0817~5.1971). The working bandwidths cover the desired frequency bands of WLAN
5.2 GHz and WiMAX 3.3/3.5 GHz. The proposed (MC-SRR) antenna can be employed to wireless
communication systems due to its simplicity in design, compactness and miniaturization.
Different Multilayer Substrate Approaches to Improve Array Antenna Characteri...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
The aim of this paper is to investigate deeply in multi-layer substrate technique as a way of improving the characteristics of patch array antenna for electronic scanning radar application. The basic array antenna consists of 8 patches mounted on a FR-4 substrate and operating at 3 GHz frequency. The feeding technique is microstrip technology. This structure has some disadvantages as a poor gain and a narrow bandwidth. In fact, the obtained gain value does not exceed 7 dB which could be explained by the lossy nature of the FR4 substrate. On the other side, the narrow bandwidth is caused by the microstrip limitations. For this reason, the technique of multi-layer substrate is proposed in this paper. Many approaches are investigated and the distance between the layers is studied. The design and simulations of each approach are performed under the tool Advanced Design System of Keysight Company. A comparison between simulation results of all approaches including simulation results of the basic array antenna will be analyzed.
Amazon products reviews classification based on machine learning, deep learni...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In recent times, the trend of online shopping through e-commerce stores and websites has grown to a huge extent. Whenever a product is purchased on an e-commerce platform, people leave their reviews about the product. These reviews are very helpful for the store owners and the product’s manufacturers for the betterment of their work process as well as product quality. An automated system is proposed in this work that operates on two datasets D1 and D2 obtained from Amazon. After certain preprocessing steps, N-gram and word embedding-based features are extracted using term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF), bag of words (BoW) and global vectors (GloVe), and Word2vec, respectively. Four machine learning (ML) models support vector machines (SVM), logistic regression (RF), logistic regression (LR), multinomial Naïve Bayes (MNB), two deep learning (DL) models convolutional neural network (CNN), long-short term memory (LSTM), and standalone bidirectional encoder representations (BERT) are used to classify reviews as either positive or negative. The results obtained by the standard ML, DL models and BERT are evaluated using certain performance evaluation measures. BERT turns out to be the best-performing model in the case of D1 with an accuracy of 90% on features derived by word embedding models while the CNN provides the best accuracy of 97% upon word embedding features in the case of D2. The proposed model shows better overall performance on D2 as compared to D1.
Design, simulation, and analysis of microstrip patch antenna for wireless app...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In this study, a microstrip patch antenna that works at 3.6 GHz was built and tested to see how well it works. In this work, Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 has been used as the substrate material, with a dielectric permittivity of 2.2 and a thickness of 0.3451 mm; it serves as the base for the examined antenna. The computer simulation technology (CST) studio suite is utilized to show the recommended antenna design. The goal of this study was to get a more extensive transmission capacity, a lower voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), and a lower return loss, but the main goal was to get a higher gain, directivity, and efficiency. After simulation, the return loss, gain, directivity, bandwidth, and efficiency of the supplied antenna are found to be -17.626 dB, 9.671 dBi, 9.924 dBi, 0.2 GHz, and 97.45%, respectively. Besides, the recreation uncovered that the transfer speed side-lobe level at phi was much better than those of the earlier works, at -28.8 dB, respectively. Thus, it makes a solid contender for remote innovation and more robust communication.
Design and simulation an optimal enhanced PI controller for congestion avoida...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In this paper, snake optimization algorithm (SOA) is used to find the optimal gains of an enhanced controller for controlling congestion problem in computer networks. M-file and Simulink platform is adopted to evaluate the response of the active queue management (AQM) system, a comparison with two classical controllers is done, all tuned gains of controllers are obtained using SOA method and the fitness function chose to monitor the system performance is the integral time absolute error (ITAE). Transient analysis and robust analysis is used to show the proposed controller performance, two robustness tests are applied to the AQM system, one is done by varying the size of queue value in different period and the other test is done by changing the number of transmission control protocol (TCP) sessions with a value of ± 20% from its original value. The simulation results reflect a stable and robust behavior and best performance is appeared clearly to achieve the desired queue size without any noise or any transmission problems.
Improving the detection of intrusion in vehicular ad-hoc networks with modifi...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) are wireless-equipped vehicles that form networks along the road. The security of this network has been a major challenge. The identity-based cryptosystem (IBC) previously used to secure the networks suffers from membership authentication security features. This paper focuses on improving the detection of intruders in VANETs with a modified identity-based cryptosystem (MIBC). The MIBC is developed using a non-singular elliptic curve with Lagrange interpolation. The public key of vehicles and roadside units on the network are derived from number plates and location identification numbers, respectively. Pseudo-identities are used to mask the real identity of users to preserve their privacy. The membership authentication mechanism ensures that only valid and authenticated members of the network are allowed to join the network. The performance of the MIBC is evaluated using intrusion detection ratio (IDR) and computation time (CT) and then validated with the existing IBC. The result obtained shows that the MIBC recorded an IDR of 99.3% against 94.3% obtained for the existing identity-based cryptosystem (EIBC) for 140 unregistered vehicles attempting to intrude on the network. The MIBC shows lower CT values of 1.17 ms against 1.70 ms for EIBC. The MIBC can be used to improve the security of VANETs.
Conceptual model of internet banking adoption with perceived risk and trust f...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Understanding the primary factors of internet banking (IB) acceptance is critical for both banks and users; nevertheless, our knowledge of the role of users’ perceived risk and trust in IB adoption is limited. As a result, we develop a conceptual model by incorporating perceived risk and trust into the technology acceptance model (TAM) theory toward the IB. The proper research emphasized that the most essential component in explaining IB adoption behavior is behavioral intention to use IB adoption. TAM is helpful for figuring out how elements that affect IB adoption are connected to one another. According to previous literature on IB and the use of such technology in Iraq, one has to choose a theoretical foundation that may justify the acceptance of IB from the customer’s perspective. The conceptual model was therefore constructed using the TAM as a foundation. Furthermore, perceived risk and trust were added to the TAM dimensions as external factors. The key objective of this work was to extend the TAM to construct a conceptual model for IB adoption and to get sufficient theoretical support from the existing literature for the essential elements and their relationships in order to unearth new insights about factors responsible for IB adoption.
Efficient combined fuzzy logic and LMS algorithm for smart antennaTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
The smart antennas are broadly used in wireless communication. The least mean square (LMS) algorithm is a procedure that is concerned in controlling the smart antenna pattern to accommodate specified requirements such as steering the beam toward the desired signal, in addition to placing the deep nulls in the direction of unwanted signals. The conventional LMS (C-LMS) has some drawbacks like slow convergence speed besides high steady state fluctuation error. To overcome these shortcomings, the present paper adopts an adaptive fuzzy control step size least mean square (FC-LMS) algorithm to adjust its step size. Computer simulation outcomes illustrate that the given model has fast convergence rate as well as low mean square error steady state.
Design and implementation of a LoRa-based system for warning of forest fireTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This paper presents the design and implementation of a forest fire monitoring and warning system based on long range (LoRa) technology, a novel ultra-low power consumption and long-range wireless communication technology for remote sensing applications. The proposed system includes a wireless sensor network that records environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in the air, as well as taking infrared photos.The data collected at each sensor node will be transmitted to the gateway via LoRa wireless transmission. Data will be collected, processed, and uploaded to a cloud database at the gateway. An Android smartphone application that allows anyone to easily view the recorded data has been developed. When a fire is detected, the system will sound a siren and send a warning message to the responsible personnel, instructing them to take appropriate action. Experiments in Tram Chim Park, Vietnam, have been conducted to verify and evaluate the operation of the system.
Wavelet-based sensing technique in cognitive radio networkTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Cognitive radio is a smart radio that can change its transmitter parameter based on interaction with the environment in which it operates. The demand for frequency spectrum is growing due to a big data issue as many Internet of Things (IoT) devices are in the network. Based on previous research, most frequency spectrum was used, but some spectrums were not used, called spectrum hole. Energy detection is one of the spectrum sensing methods that has been frequently used since it is easy to use and does not require license users to have any prior signal understanding. But this technique is incapable of detecting at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) levels. Therefore, the wavelet-based sensing is proposed to overcome this issue and detect spectrum holes. The main objective of this work is to evaluate the performance of wavelet-based sensing and compare it with the energy detection technique. The findings show that the percentage of detection in wavelet-based sensing is 83% higher than energy detection performance. This result indicates that the wavelet-based sensing has higher precision in detection and the interference towards primary user can be decreased.
A novel compact dual-band bandstop filter with enhanced rejection bandsTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In this paper, we present the design of a new wide dual-band bandstop filter (DBBSF) using nonuniform transmission lines. The method used to design this filter is to replace conventional uniform transmission lines with nonuniform lines governed by a truncated Fourier series. Based on how impedances are profiled in the proposed DBBSF structure, the fractional bandwidths of the two 10 dB-down rejection bands are widened to 39.72% and 52.63%, respectively, and the physical size has been reduced compared to that of the filter with the uniform transmission lines. The results of the electromagnetic (EM) simulation support the obtained analytical response and show an improved frequency behavior.
Deep learning approach to DDoS attack with imbalanced data at the application...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
A distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack is where one or more computers attack or target a server computer, by flooding internet traffic to the server. As a result, the server cannot be accessed by legitimate users. A result of this attack causes enormous losses for a company because it can reduce the level of user trust, and reduce the company’s reputation to lose customers due to downtime. One of the services at the application layer that can be accessed by users is a web-based lightweight directory access protocol (LDAP) service that can provide safe and easy services to access directory applications. We used a deep learning approach to detect DDoS attacks on the CICDDoS 2019 dataset on a complex computer network at the application layer to get fast and accurate results for dealing with unbalanced data. Based on the results obtained, it is observed that DDoS attack detection using a deep learning approach on imbalanced data performs better when implemented using synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) method for binary classes. On the other hand, the proposed deep learning approach performs better for detecting DDoS attacks in multiclass when implemented using the adaptive synthetic (ADASYN) method.
The appearance of uncertainties and disturbances often effects the characteristics of either linear or nonlinear systems. Plus, the stabilization process may be deteriorated thus incurring a catastrophic effect to the system performance. As such, this manuscript addresses the concept of matching condition for the systems that are suffering from miss-match uncertainties and exogeneous disturbances. The perturbation towards the system at hand is assumed to be known and unbounded. To reach this outcome, uncertainties and their classifications are reviewed thoroughly. The structural matching condition is proposed and tabulated in the proposition 1. Two types of mathematical expressions are presented to distinguish the system with matched uncertainty and the system with miss-matched uncertainty. Lastly, two-dimensional numerical expressions are provided to practice the proposed proposition. The outcome shows that matching condition has the ability to change the system to a design-friendly model for asymptotic stabilization.
Implementation of FinFET technology based low power 4×4 Wallace tree multipli...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Many systems, including digital signal processors, finite impulse response (FIR) filters, application-specific integrated circuits, and microprocessors, use multipliers. The demand for low power multipliers is gradually rising day by day in the current technological trend. In this study, we describe a 4×4 Wallace multiplier based on a carry select adder (CSA) that uses less power and has a better power delay product than existing multipliers. HSPICE tool at 16 nm technology is used to simulate the results. In comparison to the traditional CSA-based multiplier, which has a power consumption of 1.7 µW and power delay product (PDP) of 57.3 fJ, the results demonstrate that the Wallace multiplier design employing CSA with first zero finding logic (FZF) logic has the lowest power consumption of 1.4 µW and PDP of 27.5 fJ.
Evaluation of the weighted-overlap add model with massive MIMO in a 5G systemTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
The flaw in 5G orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) becomes apparent in high-speed situations. Because the doppler effect causes frequency shifts, the orthogonality of OFDM subcarriers is broken, lowering both their bit error rate (BER) and throughput output. As part of this research, we use a novel design that combines massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) and weighted overlap and add (WOLA) to improve the performance of 5G systems. To determine which design is superior, throughput and BER are calculated for both the proposed design and OFDM. The results of the improved system show a massive improvement in performance ver the conventional system and significant improvements with massive MIMO, including the best throughput and BER. When compared to conventional systems, the improved system has a throughput that is around 22% higher and the best performance in terms of BER, but it still has around 25% less error than OFDM.
Reflector antenna design in different frequencies using frequency selective s...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In this study, it is aimed to obtain two different asymmetric radiation patterns obtained from antennas in the shape of the cross-section of a parabolic reflector (fan blade type antennas) and antennas with cosecant-square radiation characteristics at two different frequencies from a single antenna. For this purpose, firstly, a fan blade type antenna design will be made, and then the reflective surface of this antenna will be completed to the shape of the reflective surface of the antenna with the cosecant-square radiation characteristic with the frequency selective surface designed to provide the characteristics suitable for the purpose. The frequency selective surface designed and it provides the perfect transmission as possible at 4 GHz operating frequency, while it will act as a band-quenching filter for electromagnetic waves at 5 GHz operating frequency and will be a reflective surface. Thanks to this frequency selective surface to be used as a reflective surface in the antenna, a fan blade type radiation characteristic at 4 GHz operating frequency will be obtained, while a cosecant-square radiation characteristic at 5 GHz operating frequency will be obtained.
Reagentless iron detection in water based on unclad fiber optical sensorTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
A simple and low-cost fiber based optical sensor for iron detection is demonstrated in this paper. The sensor head consist of an unclad optical fiber with the unclad length of 1 cm and it has a straight structure. Results obtained shows a linear relationship between the output light intensity and iron concentration, illustrating the functionality of this iron optical sensor. Based on the experimental results, the sensitivity and linearity are achieved at 0.0328/ppm and 0.9824 respectively at the wavelength of 690 nm. With the same wavelength, other performance parameters are also studied. Resolution and limit of detection (LOD) are found to be 0.3049 ppm and 0.0755 ppm correspondingly. This iron sensor is advantageous in that it does not require any reagent for detection, enabling it to be simpler and cost-effective in the implementation of the iron sensing.
Impact of CuS counter electrode calcination temperature on quantum dot sensit...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In place of the commercial Pt electrode used in quantum sensitized solar cells, the low-cost CuS cathode is created using electrophoresis. High resolution scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to analyze the structure and morphology of structural cubic samples with diameters ranging from 40 nm to 200 nm. The conversion efficiency of solar cells is significantly impacted by the calcination temperatures of cathodes at 100 °C, 120 °C, 150 °C, and 180 °C under vacuum. The fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO)/CuS cathode electrode reached a maximum efficiency of 3.89% when it was calcined at 120 °C. Compared to other temperature combinations, CuS nanoparticles crystallize at 120 °C, which lowers resistance while increasing electron lifetime.
In place of the commercial Pt electrode used in quantum sensitized solar cells, the low-cost CuS cathode is created using electrophoresis. High resolution scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to analyze the structure and morphology of structural cubic samples with diameters ranging from 40 nm to 200 nm. The conversion efficiency of solar cells is significantly impacted by the calcination temperatures of cathodes at 100 °C, 120 °C, 150 °C, and 180 °C under vacuum. The fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO)/CuS cathode electrode reached a maximum efficiency of 3.89% when it was calcined at 120 °C. Compared to other temperature combinations, CuS nanoparticles crystallize at 120 °C, which lowers resistance while increasing electron lifetime.
A progressive learning for structural tolerance online sequential extreme lea...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This article discusses the progressive learning for structural tolerance online sequential extreme learning machine (PSTOS-ELM). PSTOS-ELM can save robust accuracy while updating the new data and the new class data on the online training situation. The robustness accuracy arises from using the householder block exact QR decomposition recursive least squares (HBQRD-RLS) of the PSTOS-ELM. This method is suitable for applications that have data streaming and often have new class data. Our experiment compares the PSTOS-ELM accuracy and accuracy robustness while data is updating with the batch-extreme learning machine (ELM) and structural tolerance online sequential extreme learning machine (STOS-ELM) that both must retrain the data in a new class data case. The experimental results show that PSTOS-ELM has accuracy and robustness comparable to ELM and STOS-ELM while also can update new class data immediately.
Electroencephalography-based brain-computer interface using neural networksTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This study aimed to develop a brain-computer interface that can control an electric wheelchair using electroencephalography (EEG) signals. First, we used the Mind Wave Mobile 2 device to capture raw EEG signals from the surface of the scalp. The signals were transformed into the frequency domain using fast Fourier transform (FFT) and filtered to monitor changes in attention and relaxation. Next, we performed time and frequency domain analyses to identify features for five eye gestures: opened, closed, blink per second, double blink, and lookup. The base state was the opened-eyes gesture, and we compared the features of the remaining four action gestures to the base state to identify potential gestures. We then built a multilayer neural network to classify these features into five signals that control the wheelchair’s movement. Finally, we designed an experimental wheelchair system to test the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The results demonstrate that the EEG classification was highly accurate and computationally efficient. Moreover, the average performance of the brain-controlled wheelchair system was over 75% across different individuals, which suggests the feasibility of this approach.
Adaptive segmentation algorithm based on level set model in medical imagingTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
For image segmentation, level set models are frequently employed. It offer best solution to overcome the main limitations of deformable parametric models. However, the challenge when applying those models in medical images stills deal with removing blurs in image edges which directly affects the edge indicator function, leads to not adaptively segmenting images and causes a wrong analysis of pathologies wich prevents to conclude a correct diagnosis. To overcome such issues, an effective process is suggested by simultaneously modelling and solving systems’ two-dimensional partial differential equations (PDE). The first PDE equation allows restoration using Euler’s equation similar to an anisotropic smoothing based on a regularized Perona and Malik filter that eliminates noise while preserving edge information in accordance with detected contours in the second equation that segments the image based on the first equation solutions. This approach allows developing a new algorithm which overcome the studied model drawbacks. Results of the proposed method give clear segments that can be applied to any application. Experiments on many medical images in particular blurry images with high information losses, demonstrate that the developed approach produces superior segmentation results in terms of quantity and quality compared to other models already presented in previeous works.
Automatic channel selection using shuffled frog leaping algorithm for EEG bas...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Drug addiction is a complex neurobiological disorder that necessitates comprehensive treatment of both the body and mind. It is categorized as a brain disorder due to its impact on the brain. Various methods such as electroencephalography (EEG), functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI), and magnetoencephalography (MEG) can capture brain activities and structures. EEG signals provide valuable insights into neurological disorders, including drug addiction. Accurate classification of drug addiction from EEG signals relies on appropriate features and channel selection. Choosing the right EEG channels is essential to reduce computational costs and mitigate the risk of overfitting associated with using all available channels. To address the challenge of optimal channel selection in addiction detection from EEG signals, this work employs the shuffled frog leaping algorithm (SFLA). SFLA facilitates the selection of appropriate channels, leading to improved accuracy. Wavelet features extracted from the selected input channel signals are then analyzed using various machine learning classifiers to detect addiction. Experimental results indicate that after selecting features from the appropriate channels, classification accuracy significantly increased across all classifiers. Particularly, the multi-layer perceptron (MLP) classifier combined with SFLA demonstrated a remarkable accuracy improvement of 15.78% while reducing time complexity.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
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2. TELKOMNIKA ISSN: 1693-6930
Gain enhancement of dielectric resonator antenna for millimeter wave applications (Irfan Ali)
1671
include stacked DRA [13–17], integration of additional structures [18,19], modifying the shape of
the DRA [20, 21] operating in the lower order mode. However, the proposed approaches have
major drawbacks of large volume, complexity in structure and the increased cost, which may not
be suitable for the modern communication applications. Recently, higher order modes operation
technique has been adopted to enhance the gain of the DRA. Higher order mode technique
have been already adopted in both rectangular [22] and cylindrical [23] shaped DRAs
to enhance the gain at 11 GHz and 7 GHz, respectively. In this paper, square shaped DRA
operating with higher order 𝑇𝐸 𝛿15
𝑥
mode as shown in Figure 1, has been proposed to improve
gain at 26 GHz frequency. The paper is organized as follows. In Section II, the configuration of
the proposed DRA is described. The simulated results of prototype design are discussed in
Section III. Finally, a conclusion is drawn in Section IV.
2. Antenna Configuration
The configuration of the proposed dielectric resonator antenna is shown in Figure 1.
The DRA has a relative dielectric constant of 𝜀 𝑟 and dimensions of length 𝑎, width 𝑏, and height
𝑑. The DR is excited by 50𝛺 microstrip line fed by a slot aperture coupled on Rogers substrate
of dielectric constant (𝜀 𝑟) 𝑜𝑓 2.2 and thickness ℎ𝑠. The dielectric wave-guide model is used to
analyze the rectangular DRA. The resonant frequency, 𝑓𝑜 of the 𝑇𝐸𝛿𝑚𝑛
𝑥
mode can be predicted
by means of the following transcendental [24]:
𝑘 𝑥 tan (
𝑘 𝑥 𝑑
2
) = √(𝜀 𝑟 − 1)𝑘 𝑜
2 − 𝑘 𝑥
2
𝑘 𝑥
2
+ 𝑘 𝑦
2
+ 𝑘 𝑧
2
= 𝜀 𝑟 𝑘 𝑜
2
𝑘0 =
2𝜋𝑓𝑜
𝑐
, 𝑘 𝑦 =
𝑚 𝜋
𝑏
, 𝑘 𝑧 =
𝑛𝜋
𝑑
where “𝜀 𝑟” is the dielectric constant of the DRA, 𝑘 𝑜 denotes free-space wave number, c is
the speed of light (in free space). The dimensions of the proposed structure are given in Table 1.
Table 1. Optimized Dimensions of the Proposed Antenna
S.No. Parameters Dimensions
1 Substrate 𝑅𝑜𝑔𝑒𝑟𝑠 𝑅𝑇5880 (𝜀 𝑟 = 2.2)
(𝐿 𝑠 × 𝑊𝑠 × ℎ 𝑠)
11.5 × 11.5 × 0.254
2 Ground plane
(𝐿 𝑔 × 𝑊𝑔 × ℎ 𝑔)
11.5 × 11.5 × 0.0175
3 Dielectric resonator antenna (𝜀 𝑟 = 10)
(𝑎 × 𝑏 × 𝑑)
2.98 × 2.98 × 6.26
4 Slot (𝑙𝑠 × 𝑤𝑠) 0.33 × 2.02
5 Length of stub (s) 1.36
6 Type of Feed Aperture coupled
Unit: mm
Figure 1. Geometry of the proposed DRA
3. ISSN: 1693-6930
TELKOMNIKA Vol. 17, No. 4, August 2019: 1670-1673
1672
3. Results and Discussions
In this section, simulated results of proposed design are discussed. The objective is to
design a single element DRA with improved gain operating on higher order 𝑇𝐸𝛿15
𝑥
mode at
mm-wave frequency. The proposed DRA antenna is simulated by using the CST Microwave
studio. The reflection coefficient versus frequency of the DRA structure is shown in Figure 2.
With reference to the figure, the |𝑆11| < −10 𝑑𝐵,bandwidth is about 5.7% (25.1-26.6 GHz).
The plot of the gain and efficiency versus frequency is presented in Figure 3. It can be seen
from the plot that, antenna offers a gain of 7.9 dBi and efficiency of 93% at 26 GHz. The far field
radiation pattern is depicted in Figure 4 whereas the normalized radiation pattern in both
E(yz) and H(xz) plane are shown in Figure 5. A broadside direction radiation pattern in
E- planes and H-planes. A comparison of the proposed DRA with previously reported structures
is tabulated in Table 2. From the table, it can be seen that, proposed structure demonstrates
more gain compared to the gain of [25] and [26], whereas it is relatively low profile as compared
to the design of [25].
Figure 2. Simulated |S11| of the DRA
operating on 𝑇𝐸 𝛿15
𝑥
mode
Figure 3. Simulated gain and efficiency Vs
frequency of the DRA operating on 𝑇𝐸 𝛿15
𝑥
Figure 4. Simulated 3D radiation pattern
at 26 GHz
Figure 5. Simulated radiation pattern of the DRA,
E(yz) plane and H(xz) plane at 26 GHz
Table 2. Comparison of the Proposed Structure with the Previous Work
Ref εr Shape mode fo (GHz) BW (%) Gain (dB) Eff. (%) Area (λ2
) Height (λ)
[25] 10 Rect. TEδ15
y
TEδ19
y
24 5.75
3.4
5.8
6.3
NM
NM 1.6λ × 1.6λ
0.5λ
0.9λ
[26] 10 Rect. TEδ13
x
TEδ15
x
135 7
7
6.2
7.5
46
42 0.4λ × 0.4λ
0.6λ
1λ
PS 10 Rect. TEδ15
x
26 5.7 7.9 93 1λ × 1λ 0.6λ
𝜀 𝑟—dielectric constant of the DRA, Rect.—Rectangular,𝑓𝑜—resonant frequency (GHz), BW—Bandwidth (%),
Gain—simulated in dBi, Eff. —Efficiency (%) NM—Not Mentioned, PS—Proposed Structure
4. Conclusion
Dielectric resonator antenna with enhanced gain operating on higher order mode is
proposed in this paper. The enhanced gain of dielectric resonator antenna is achieved by higher
4. TELKOMNIKA ISSN: 1693-6930
Gain enhancement of dielectric resonator antenna for millimeter wave applications (Irfan Ali)
1673
order (𝑇𝐸 𝛿15
𝑥
) mode operation. The simulated results show that, a gain of 7.9dBi achieved for
DRA operating at the frequency of 26 GHz. The impedance bandwidth of 1.5 GHz from
25.1 GHz to 26.6 GHz has been achieved.
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