The document describes a rectangular ring shaped dielectric resonator antenna designed for dual-band and wideband frequency operation. It presents the proposed antenna design, methodology used in CST software, design procedure involving defining the substrate, ground plane, dielectric resonator, microstrip line, and short circuit strips. Results are shown for different parametric values including return loss, VSWR, directivity, gain and efficiency. A modified design is also analyzed and results are compared between the proposed and modified antenna designs.

1. Rectangular Ring shaped Dielectric Resonator
Antenna For Dual And Wideband Frequency
Galgotias University
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2. Content
• Abstract.
• Introduction.
• Research gap.
• Proposed DRA.
• Methodology.
• Design Procedure.
• Results
• Parametric Design.
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3. Content
• Design Comparison.
• Parametric Results.
• Results Comparison.
• Parametric Results Overview.
• Conclusion.
• References.
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4. Abstract
• A new modified planar dielectric resonator antenna
(DRA) is presented and investigated.
• The proposed DRA is excited by a microstrip feed
that is extend as a probe.
• On the opposite sides two narrow strips are
connected to the ground.
• Thus a wideband and a dual-band Antenna is
achieved.
• Parametric measurements and results are discussed.
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5. Introduction
• Dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs) have been an
active research area for the last two decades due to
several striking characteristics such as high radiation
efficiency, low dissipation loss, small size, low cost,
and easy fabrication[1-4].
• Today, dual-band systems are commonly found in
modern wireless communication.
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6. Research Gap
• Wideband and dual-band loaded monopole dielectric
resonator antenna [5].
• Dual band dielectric resonator antenna for GPS and
WLAN applications [6].
• Dual band dielectric resonator antenna mounted on a
defected ground plane [7].
• Slot-coupled antenna for dual-frequency operation
[8].
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7. Research Gap
• Dual-band hybrid dielectric resonator antenna with
CPW-fed slot [9].
• Hybrid dielectric resonator antennas with radiating
slot for dual-frequency operation [10].
• Dual-band split dielectric resonator antenna [11] .
• Ultra wideband dielectric resonator antenna with
broadside patterns mounted on a vertical ground
plane edge [12].
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8. Proposed DRA
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9. METHODOLOGY
• CST Software is used for designing the DR Antenna.
• To design Rectangular Ring shaped dielectric
Resonator Antenna Air gap method is used to
enhance the bandwidth/frequency range.
• Quarter wave microstrip line is used for impedance
matching.
• Air gap is maintained between DRA and ground for
better bandwidth.
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10. Design Procedure
• Step 1-Define Substrate
Substrate Properties:
Length : 34 mm
Width : 28 mm
height : 0.76mm
Material used : RT6002
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11. Design Procedure
• Step2: Defining Ground Plane
Ground Plane Properties:
Length :11 mm
Width : 28 mm
Height : 0.889mm
Material used - Copper
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12. Design Procedure
• Step3: Defining Rectangular DRA
DRA Properties :
Length - 18.3 mm
Width - 14 mm
Height - 5.1 mm
Material Used–
New Material is created
having permittivity of 10.2
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13. Design Procedure
• Step4: Defining Air Gap within DRA
Air Gap Dimension:
Length : 10.7 mm
Width : 6.4 mm
Height : 5.1 mm
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14. Design Procedure
Microstrip Line Properties:
•Wider section of
Microstrip line has 50ohm
impedance.
•Narrower section of
microstrip line has 73ohm
impedance.
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• Step5: Defining Microstrip Line

15. Design Procedure
• Step 6: Structure with short circuit strip
Short ckt Line Properties:
• SCS 1 & SCS2 are used.
• Length is taken variable.
• Distance is taken
variable.
• For better results optimal
parameter are used.
• Material used Copper.
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16. RESULTS
• Short ckt strip 1 is used
Length -9 mm ; Distance; 7mm
Fig: S11Parameter for optimal value of SCS1
• SCS 1 length is chosen
9mm .
• SCS 1 distance is taken
7mm.
•Resonant frequency 3.885
GHz is obtained.
• Wideband is achieved.
Farfield Results:
• Directivity : 3.094 dBi
•Gain : 3.037 dB
• Efficiency : 98.6%
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17. RESULTS
Figure (a)
Figure (b)
• Figure(a) shows the
VSWR when SCS1 is used.
•Figure (a) shows the
frequency range that is 3.1
GHz-6.8 GHz
•Figure(b) shows the z
matrix.
• Figure(b) shows that
impedance is perfectly
matched.
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18. RESULTS
• Short ckt strip 1 is used
Length – 9mm ; Distance - 5mm
Figure: S11 parameter for optimal value of scs1
• SCS 1 length is chosen
9mm .
• SCS 1 distance is taken
5mm.
•Resonant frequency 5.51
GHz is obtained.
Wideband is achieved.
Farfield Results:
• Directivity : 4.071dBi
•Gain : 3.895dB
• Efficiency : 96.5%
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19. RESULTS
•Figure(a) shows the VSWR
when SCS1 is used.
•Figure (a) shows the
frequency range that is 3.3
GHz-6.4 GHz
•Figure(b) shows the z
matrix.
• Figure(b) shows that
impedance is perfectly
matched.
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Figure (a)
Figure (b)

20. RESULTS
• Short ckt strip 1 & 2 is used
L1 = 14.2mm ; D1 = 5.5mm
L2 = 15.25mm ; D2 =7mm
•SCS 1 & SCS 2 both are
connected.
• optimal parameters are
used.
• Wide and Dual band is
achieved.
• Two resonant frequency
is achieved.
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Figure: S11 parameter for optimal value of scs1

21. RESULTS
• Figure(a) shows the
VSWR when SCS1 and
SCS2 is used.
•Frequency range-
2.3GHz-2.6GHz
3.6GHz -5.9GHz
• Figure (b) shows the z
matrix that shows the
impedance matching is
perfectly done.
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Figure (a)
Figure (b)

22. RESULTS
• Without short ckt strip
• No short ckt strip is used.
•Resonant frequency 6.704
GHz is obtained.
• Wideband is achieved.
Farfield Results:
• Directivity : 4.328 dBi
•Gain : 4.309 dB
• Efficiency : 98.3%
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Figure: S11 parameter for optimal value of scs1

23. RESULTS
•Figure(a) shows the VSWR
when no SCS is used.
•Figure (a) shows the
frequency range that is 3.6
GHz-7.4 GHz
•Figure(b) shows the z
matrix.
• Figure(b) shows that
impedance is perfectly
matched.
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Figure (a)
Figure (b)

24. Parametric Design
Design Properties:
• 5 strips are used.
• Strip length is taken 9mm
8mm,4mm,5mm,8mm
starting from ground.
•Height of ground plane is
6mm.
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Fig: Modified Design
• Parametric design with 5 strips:

25. Comparison Between Proposed and Modified Design
25
Proposed Design Modified Design

26. Parametric Results
• Figure shows the S11
parameter.
• figure shows there are two
Resonant frequency.
• Dual- Band is achieved.
• Two Resonant frequency is
achieved.
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Figure: S11 parameter for optimal value of scs1
• Parametric result with 5 strips:

27. Parametric Results
Far Field Result(3.4)
•Directivity: 3.284dBi
•Gain: 3.207dB
• Efficiency: 98.24%
Far Field Result(8.7)
•Directivity: 5.398dBi
•Gain: 8.728dB
• Efficiency: 94.90%
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Figure: Z matrix of parametric result
•Parametric result with 5 strips:

28. Results Comparison
Parameter
Design
Properties
Frequency
Band
Operating
Frequency
Directivity Gain Efficiency
DRA with
SCS1
(3.1-6.8)GHz 3.8GHz 3.094dBi 3.037dB 98.6%
DRA with
SCS1
(3.3-6.4)GHz 5.5GHz 4.071dBi 3.895dB 96.5%
DRA w/o
SCS
(3.6-7.4)GHz 6.7GHz 4.328dBi 4.309dB 98.3%
DRA with
SCS1&SCS2
(2.3-2.6)GHz 2.4GHz 2.456dBi 2.199dB 94.2%
(3.6-5.8)GHz 3.6GHz 2.275dB 2.106dB 96.1%
Modified
Design
(3.1-3.7)GHz 3.4GHz 3.284dBi 3.207dB 98.2%
(8.5-8.9)GHz 8.7GHZ 5.398dBi 5.140dB 94.9%
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29. Parametric Result Overview
• Dual Band is achieved.
• Narrowband.
• Frequency range is increased.
• Highest resonant frequency is achieved.
• Increased Directivity.
• Selectivity is increased.
• Increased Gain .
• Better efficiency.
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30. Conclusion
• Proposed dual-band RRDR antenna covers two frequency
bands.
• A narrow band from 2.4 to 2.6 GHz
• A broad band from 3.3 to 5.85 GHz .
• In this case, many wireless systems from 2.4 to 6 GHz, such as
WLAN, WiMax, and Wi-Fi can be supported.
• The proposed RRDRs have excellent characteristics that make
them good candidates for various wireless applications.
• Modified result covers dual frequency with increased
resonant frequency and increased selectivity.
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31. References
• References that we used.
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