Fresh water generator on boardship
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Fresh water generators are machines that convert salt water into fresh water for use on ships. They are an important system as ships need large quantities of fresh water for crew and passengers over long voyages. The generators work by evaporating sea water using heat, usually from the diesel engine jacket, which separates the pure water from salt and other elements. The main components are filters to remove impurities, a heat exchanger to evaporate the water and another to condense it back to liquid, and a salinometer to monitor salt content of the distilled water. Fresh water generators are crucial onboard systems that produce the daily fresh water needs of 30 tonnes for domestic uses and engine cooling.
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Marine Fresh Water Generators
Fresh water generators produce fresh water for domestic and auxiliary use aboard ships by distilling or desalinating sea water. They are essential aboard ships where fresh water consumption can be over 30 tonnes per day. There are two main methods - distillation and reverse osmosis. Distillation involves boiling sea water under vacuum to evaporate it, then condensing the vapor to produce fresh water. Reverse osmosis uses semipermeable membranes to filter out salt and other ions. Fresh water generators recover waste heat from sources like the main engine to economically produce fresh water as needed.
Prufiers and Clarifiers
1. The document discusses separation techniques for removing impurities from fuels, including gravity separation and centrifugation.
2. Gravity separation uses settling tanks and centrifuges apply centrifugal force to separate denser components like water and dirt from lighter components like fuel.
3. Centrifugation, or the use of centrifuges, amplifies the effects of gravity through high-speed rotation, allowing for more rapid and continuous separation than gravity alone.
Fresh water generator maintenance
The document provides guidelines for maintaining a fresh water generator (FWG) on a vessel:
1. Check the salinity alarm monthly to ensure only fresh water enters the fresh water tank.
2. Stop the FWG when approaching contaminated waters to prevent bacterial infection.
3. Open the separator shell and inspect for scale during scheduled maintenance or if production drops.
4. Clean the heating tubes twice a year or when production drops to prevent scale buildup.
2.2 Engine Room Layout.pdf
The document summarizes the machinery arrangement in a ship's engine room. It describes that the engine room contains main machineries that provide propulsion and auxiliary machineries that support operations with electrical power, cooling, and heating. Major machineries are categorized as critical because if they become inoperable, they can endanger ship operations. The document then lists and describes various main and auxiliary machinery located in the engine room, including the main engine, diesel generators, pumps, heat exchangers, refrigeration systems, and electrical equipment. It also lists storage tanks located in the engine room for liquids like fuels, oils, and water.
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A detail presentation about the steering gear system and its control as a required for the CoC program - management level for marine engineers
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The document describes the central cooling water system used on ships. It has two interconnected freshwater circuits called the high temperature (HT) and low temperature (LT) circuits. The HT circuit cools the main and auxiliary engines while the LT circuit cools other machinery. Temperature is controlled through the use of 3-way valves that mix water from the LT and HT circuits. A seawater circuit with heat exchangers and pumps provides cooling to the freshwater circuits. The central cooling system provides both heating and cooling to ship systems in a simplified configuration compared to individual cooling arrangements.
Marine Purifier
Marine Purifier by Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Senior Engg. Lecturer, International Maritime Academy, Bangladesh
Fresh water generator onboard
The document discusses the process of fresh water generation on ships. Fresh water is generated through a distillation process that uses heat from the ship's engines to evaporate seawater. The evaporated water vapor is then condensed into fresh water. Specifically, it involves filtering seawater, evaporating it using heat at low pressure, condensing the vapor into liquid water, and checking the salinity level before use. The fresh water generator allows ships to produce fresh water from seawater for drinking, washing, and cooling purposes using waste heat from the engines.
Recommended
Marine Fresh Water Generators
Fresh water generators produce fresh water for domestic and auxiliary use aboard ships by distilling or desalinating sea water. They are essential aboard ships where fresh water consumption can be over 30 tonnes per day. There are two main methods - distillation and reverse osmosis. Distillation involves boiling sea water under vacuum to evaporate it, then condensing the vapor to produce fresh water. Reverse osmosis uses semipermeable membranes to filter out salt and other ions. Fresh water generators recover waste heat from sources like the main engine to economically produce fresh water as needed.
Prufiers and Clarifiers
1. The document discusses separation techniques for removing impurities from fuels, including gravity separation and centrifugation.
2. Gravity separation uses settling tanks and centrifuges apply centrifugal force to separate denser components like water and dirt from lighter components like fuel.
3. Centrifugation, or the use of centrifuges, amplifies the effects of gravity through high-speed rotation, allowing for more rapid and continuous separation than gravity alone.
Fresh water generator maintenance
The document provides guidelines for maintaining a fresh water generator (FWG) on a vessel:
1. Check the salinity alarm monthly to ensure only fresh water enters the fresh water tank.
2. Stop the FWG when approaching contaminated waters to prevent bacterial infection.
3. Open the separator shell and inspect for scale during scheduled maintenance or if production drops.
4. Clean the heating tubes twice a year or when production drops to prevent scale buildup.
2.2 Engine Room Layout.pdf
The document summarizes the machinery arrangement in a ship's engine room. It describes that the engine room contains main machineries that provide propulsion and auxiliary machineries that support operations with electrical power, cooling, and heating. Major machineries are categorized as critical because if they become inoperable, they can endanger ship operations. The document then lists and describes various main and auxiliary machinery located in the engine room, including the main engine, diesel generators, pumps, heat exchangers, refrigeration systems, and electrical equipment. It also lists storage tanks located in the engine room for liquids like fuels, oils, and water.
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The document describes the central cooling water system used on ships. It has two interconnected freshwater circuits called the high temperature (HT) and low temperature (LT) circuits. The HT circuit cools the main and auxiliary engines while the LT circuit cools other machinery. Temperature is controlled through the use of 3-way valves that mix water from the LT and HT circuits. A seawater circuit with heat exchangers and pumps provides cooling to the freshwater circuits. The central cooling system provides both heating and cooling to ship systems in a simplified configuration compared to individual cooling arrangements.
Marine Purifier
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Fresh water generator onboard
The document discusses the process of fresh water generation on ships. Fresh water is generated through a distillation process that uses heat from the ship's engines to evaporate seawater. The evaporated water vapor is then condensed into fresh water. Specifically, it involves filtering seawater, evaporating it using heat at low pressure, condensing the vapor into liquid water, and checking the salinity level before use. The fresh water generator allows ships to produce fresh water from seawater for drinking, washing, and cooling purposes using waste heat from the engines.
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detail study of kaplan turbine
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Governing of the Turbine | Fluid Mechanics
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francis turbine.pptx
The Francis turbine is the most commonly used water turbine today. It was invented in the 1800s by James Francis who was able to redesign an earlier Boyden turbine to achieve 88% efficiency compared to the earlier 65% efficiency. The Francis turbine uses both the kinetic energy and pressure energy of flowing water to drive the turbine's runner blades and convert the energy into useful work, making it highly efficient. It is primarily used to generate electricity through water power.
Part1
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Frequently asked questions on turbines Part 1
- A stage in an impulse turbine consists of moving blades behind a nozzle, while in a reaction turbine each row of blades is a stage.
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- Thrust bearings maintain the rotor's axial position, while radial bearings support the rotor at each end of the steam cylinder and must be accurately aligned.
- Deposits in a turbine can be detected through pressure monitoring, efficiency monitoring, and exhaust steam temperature monitoring. Deposits are removed through washing with condensate or wet steam for water soluble deposits and mechanically after dismantling for water insoluble
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A Complete Guide on Sea Water Pump.pdf
To move or recirculate saltwater for various uses, there is the seawater pump. The water-cooling system can benefit from the sea water pump by recirculating seawater throughout the equipment.
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Hydraulic turbines convert the potential energy of water into mechanical work.
Three most popular hydraulic turbines are :
Pelton wheel (Pelton turbine)
Kaplan turbine (Propeller turbine)
Francis turbine
detail study of kaplan turbine
The Kaplan turbine is a water turbine that was invented in 1913-1922 by Viktor Kaplan. It has adjustable blades that allow it to efficiently handle a wide variation of water flows. The Kaplan turbine is well-suited for low head sites between 2-40 meters and has efficiencies over 90%. It is an inward flow reaction turbine where the water changes pressure and gives up energy as it moves through the adjustable blades, causing the runner to spin. The Kaplan turbine's adjustable blades make it more efficient at partial loads compared to other water turbines.
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Pumps convert mechanical energy to fluid energy and come in various types. The main types are positive displacement pumps, centrifugal pumps, axial flow pumps, and mixed flow pumps. Centrifugal pumps are frequently used in water distribution systems and work by spinning an impeller to push water outward. Axial flow pumps have flow entering and leaving along the pump axis. Multiple impellers can be arranged in series for higher head applications. Pump performance is characterized by curves showing how head and efficiency vary with flow. Total dynamic head and net positive suction head are important concepts for pump sizing and operation. Cavitation can occur if net positive suction head drops too low. Pumps can be arranged in series or parallel to meet different flow
Pump pipeline
Pumps are used to move liquids through piping systems and raise their pressure by applying energy transformations. There are three main reasons for raising liquid pressure: overcoming static elevation changes, friction losses, and meeting process pressure requirements. Pumps are classified as either kinetic (centrifugal) or positive displacement depending on how energy is added to the liquid. Proper pump selection depends on factors like flow rate and viscosity. Cavitation can occur if the net positive suction head (NPSH) available falls below what is required by the pump.
Propeller
There are several types of propellers described in the document. Fixed paddle propellers have paddles firmly attached to the wheel requiring a large diameter. Feathering paddle propellers allow for a reduced diameter by attaching paddles at a larger entrance angle. Tandem and overlapping propellers divide the load between two propellers. Controllable pitch propellers allow the pitch of the blades to be altered. Ducted propellers surround a screw propeller with a duct. Supercavitating propellers separate flow on the back of the blade to reduce cavitation. Surface piercing propellers are partly submerged to reduce drag. Contra-rotating propellers use two counter-rotating propellers to reduce losses. Azimuth
How is power supplied on board a ship?
Shipboard power is generated using a prime mover and alternator. The generator works by inducing a current in a conductor when the magnetic field around it varies. Power on board is preferably 3-phase AC over DC or single-phase AC as it provides more power with the same size and can still function if one phase fails. A shipboard distribution system consists of a generator, main switchboard, cables, circuit breakers, transformers, and an emergency generator and batteries to supply power if the main system fails.
COMPONENTS OF MARINE REFRIGERATION SYSTEM.pptx
The document summarizes the key components of a refrigeration system, including the compressor, condenser, evaporator, expansion valves, and other control components. It describes the purpose and basic functioning of each component. The compressor compresses the refrigerant gas. The condenser condenses the gas into a liquid. The evaporator absorbs heat from the refrigerated space, causing the refrigerant to evaporate. Expansion valves and thermostats regulate refrigerant flow. Together these components form the refrigeration cycle to cool enclosed spaces.
reciprocating pumps
Positive displacement pumps work by trapping a fixed amount of fluid and forcing it to discharge. There are three main types: reciprocating pumps use pistons, diaphragm pumps use flexible diaphragms, and linear pumps use linear motion. Reciprocating pumps are commonly used for high pressure applications like well services. Diaphragm pumps are suitable for handling corrosive or abrasive liquids since only the diaphragm and valves contact the fluid. Positive displacement pumps can handle high viscosity liquids efficiently and are used widely in industries like oil and gas, mining, and more.
Governing of the Turbine | Fluid Mechanics
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francis turbine.pptx
The Francis turbine is the most commonly used water turbine today. It was invented in the 1800s by James Francis who was able to redesign an earlier Boyden turbine to achieve 88% efficiency compared to the earlier 65% efficiency. The Francis turbine uses both the kinetic energy and pressure energy of flowing water to drive the turbine's runner blades and convert the energy into useful work, making it highly efficient. It is primarily used to generate electricity through water power.
Part1
A steam generator is similar to a boiler but produces steam at higher pressures. It has a shell that contains tubes through which water flows and is heated by a firebox, producing steam. Steam generators are classified based on factors like the flow medium, pressure, and number of tubes. They can be fire tube or water tube designs, with water tube generators being more compact and able to produce steam at higher pressures. Proper selection depends on the required steam properties and available space. Safety devices like valves and gauges are also important parts of a steam generator system.
Steam turbine in Geothermal Power Station
The document discusses the main equipment and systems used in geothermal power plants, including boilers, turbines, condensers, cooling systems, and other auxiliary equipment. It focuses on steam turbines, describing the types of steam turbines used (e.g. axial exhaust design), their key components (e.g. casings, shafts, blades), and advantages of the axial exhaust design, which requires less space and construction time. An example geothermal plant in Iceland using a single-cylinder axial exhaust condensing turbine is provided.
Propeller and Rudder
This document discusses ship propulsion systems. It begins by defining key terms related to propeller horsepower, including:
- Brake Horsepower (BHP): Power output at the engine shaft before reduction gears.
- Shaft Horsepower (SHP): Power output after the reduction gears.
- Delivered Horsepower (DHP): Power delivered to the propeller.
- Thrust Horsepower (THP): Power created by the screw/propeller after losses.
It then discusses propeller types, key parts like the hub and blades, and terminology such as diameter, pitch, revolutions per minute, and whether a propeller is right-handed or left-handed. The
Frequently asked questions on turbines Part 1
- A stage in an impulse turbine consists of moving blades behind a nozzle, while in a reaction turbine each row of blades is a stage.
- Diaphragms hold the nozzles and seals between turbine stages. Tip leakage is a problem in reaction turbines where steam escapes across moving blade tips.
- Thrust bearings maintain the rotor's axial position, while radial bearings support the rotor at each end of the steam cylinder and must be accurately aligned.
- Deposits in a turbine can be detected through pressure monitoring, efficiency monitoring, and exhaust steam temperature monitoring. Deposits are removed through washing with condensate or wet steam for water soluble deposits and mechanically after dismantling for water insoluble
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EU-water-reporting.pptx
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Godrej aqua brochure
Godrej Aqua is the latest upcoming residential apartment project in the rapidly developing neighbourhood of Hosahalli, Bangalore — by Godrej Group. This residential project located in North West Bangalore features the very best in Godrej’s signature luxury, safety, facilities, and a host of other essentials packaged with beautiful landscapes all around. The apartments are skilfully designed by top-rated Architects of the industry to deliver the most accommodating living space to its occupants.
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Fresh water generator on boardship
- 2. OUTLINES What is a fresh water generator? Important of fresh water generators on ships Basic concept of fresh water generator primary component Conclusion QUESTIONS
- 3. What is a fresh water generator? Fresh water generator is a machine that converts salt water from seas and oceans into fresh water for domestic uses. FRESH WATER GENERATOR IS AN AUXILARY ENGINE OF THE MAIN ENGINE.
- 4. F.W.G
- 5. F.WG
- 6. Important of fresh water generator on ships Ships and ocean liners often take weeks if not months to complete their voyages, and a lot of fresh water is usually required to sustain operations for this long. The crew and passengers need water to drink, cook and other domestics purpose.
- 7. Basic concept of fresh water generator The concept of a freshwater generator is usually quite simple. First, sea water is evaporated using a heat source, separating pure water from salt, sediment and other elements. Generators often use the diesel engine jacket as a heat source, although steam can also be used for this purpose.
- 8. Primary components There are three main elements in fresh water generator. 1. filter 2. heat exchanger 3. salinometer
- 9. filters Is a fine mesh screen which is used to remove impurities. Sea water from sea chest pass through the filter before entering the fresh water generator.
- 10. Heat exchangers There are two heat exchangers in F.W.G one evaporates the sea water, and another condenses the fresh water vapor into drinking water. In the condenser element, the vapor is condensed through cooling, often simply using cold seawater to cool the outside of the unit.
- 11. F.W.G
- 12. salinometer This is a device used to monitor the salt content of the distilled water. Alarm is sounded automatically when the salt content exceed the set point value.
- 13. conclusion FRESH WATER GENERATOR IS ONE OF THE IMPORTANT MACHINERY ONBOARD A SHIP BECAUSE IT PRODUCE FRESH WATER FOR DOMESTIC USES AND ALSO A MEDIUM OF COOLING FOR THE MAIN ENGINE. FRESH WATER GENERATOR PRODUCES 30 TONNES OF FRESH WATER DAILY.
- 14. Q QUESTIONS
- 15. V THANK YOU