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Types of fresh water generators
1 Where will the water boil faster in mountains or at the seaside? Why?
It will boil in mountains faster, because of higher pressure.
2 Match device and its function
1 Flowmeter A transfers produced water to fresh water tanks
2 Salinometer B removes very small water drops from vapour
3 Air/brine ejector(eductor) C measures the level of salt in produced water
4 Demister D removes gases and brine to create vacuum
5 Pre-heater E heats water before it is supplied to flash drum
6 Fresh water pump F controls the flow of seawater
1 F 2 C 3 D 4 B 5 E 6 A
3 Underline correct word
1) We need nest of pipes/salinometer to measure the salt content.
2) Demister/flash drum is used to collect mist (small water drops).
3) There is a flow meter/ nest of heating pipes, which contain jacket cooling water and heat the
seawater.
4) The part of multi stage evaporator, where the heated water is pumped we call demister/ flash
drum.
5) Salinometer/ flow meter is used to regulate the flow of sea water into the generator.
6) When water evaporates really fast, we can say it nest of heating pipes/ flashes.
4 a) Study the pictures. Decide what is common for them.
b) Skim the text and check your guesses.
5 Read the text. Title the paragraphs.
Prehistory of fresh water generation.
In the past, people used to carry tons and tons of fresh water in barrels or in specially made
tanks. This was because there were no other sources of fresh water once the ship was in sea,
except rain, which was quite unpredictable.
Valuable of fresh water on ship.
Today in spite of means on board to generate fresh water, ships carry tons and tons of fresh
water in segregated fresh water tanks. Still, it is statutory requirement to have a fresh water
generator for emergency use. The process by which fresh water is generated is known as
distillation process. Sea water is converted into fresh water by evaporating and condensing the
sea water or by flash process. Fresh water generators can be tube (single stage) type or flash
(multi-stage) type.
Shell and tube heat exchanger
A tube and coil (single stage) evaporator consists of a steel vessel which has a nest of
heating pipes near the bottom of the vessel, which contain being steam or, hot water from the
main engine.
There is a tube condenser cooled by seawater installed near the top of the vessel. Generally
water is boiled at 100 degree Celsius, but in freshwater generator it is done at around 60-70
degree Celsius. For this purpose, eductors or air ejectors are use. Eductors reduces the chamber’s
pressure to such a point that water starts boiling at a temperature of 60-70 degrees Celsius.
Seawater is fed into the evaporator just covering the heating pipes. Heat is supplied to the
pipes and, this combined with the vacuum conditions begins to boil the seawater producing
steam. The steam rises up through a demister into the tube condenser where it is evaporated to
distilled water. This is collected and pumped via the salinometer to the storage tanks.
Multi Stage Flash evaporator
This type of evaporator uses a multi-stage process which has two components, the seawater
heater and the flash drum and uses two stages (pre-heating and flash evaporation) to produce
fresh water very fast.
This sea water is pre heated with the help of a pre heater to bring the temperature of the sea
water as close to the jacket water temperature and also to make the flash process possible. The
seawater can be heated using steam or the main engine cooling water, depending on the main
propulsion unit.
The heated seawater is pumped into the flash drum which has numerous sections all at a
lower pressure than that of the water heater. Some of the hot seawater flashes of to steam in the
first section, before going on through remaining sections for flashing as it moves through them.
The steam rises up the flash drum through a demister and on contacting tubes where it is
condensed and pumped via a salinometer to the fresh water or boiler water feed tanks. If the salt
content in the distillate rises to an unacceptable level, the salinometer alarm will be activated and
the distillate diverted to bilges.
6 Group the constructional part. Prove your choice.
Steel vessel with a nest of heating pipes; condenser; flash drum; salinometer; eductor/air
ejector; demister; pre-heater; eductor/ejector; fresh water pump; flowmeter
Tube or coil FWG Flash FWG
Condenser, salinometer, demister,
eductor/ejector, fresh water pump, flowmeter
Steel vessel with a nest of heating pipes, flash
drum, eductor/air ejector, pre-heater
7 Decide which statement is about single stage (tube or coil) (S), multi stage (flash) (M) or
common (BOTH) for them.
S 1. Uses 1 stage for producing fresh water – seawater is simply heated at low pressure.
M 2. Uses 2 staged for producing fresh water – pre-heating of seawater and flashing of seawater.
B 3. Uses ejectors to create vacuum and boil water at lower temperature.
M 4. Heat from jacket cooling water is supplied to a nest of heating pipes.
S 5. Seawater is preheated to make flash process possible.
S 6. Steam rises through a demister and fresh water is collected by condenser.
M 7. Salinometer checks the salt content in fresh water.
B 8. Fresh water is pumped via fresh water pumps in boiler feed water or fresh water tanks.
8 Restore the sequence of stages.
Cadet A restores the sequence of stages in A section
Cadet B restores the sequence of stages in B section
A) 1 The steam is pumped via a salinometer to the fresh water or boiler water feed tanks
2 It goes on through remaining sections for flashing
5 The hot seawater flashes of to steam in the first section
3 The heated seawater is pumped into the flash drum
4 The steam rises up the flash drum through a demister
B) 2 Distilled water is collected and pumped via the salinometer to the storage tanks.
4 Heat is supplied to the pipes.
6 Seawater is fed into the evaporator.
1 The steam rises up through a demister into the tube condenser
3 The steam is evaporated to distilled water
5 Heat is combined with the vacuum conditions begins to boil the seawater producing
Steam
9 Compare two types of evaporators using pictures below.
10. Send your done ex 1-9 in Moodle (My task)

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Теовщвазваыаыаыаыааыаыв

  • 1. Types of fresh water generators 1 Where will the water boil faster in mountains or at the seaside? Why? It will boil in mountains faster, because of higher pressure. 2 Match device and its function 1 Flowmeter A transfers produced water to fresh water tanks 2 Salinometer B removes very small water drops from vapour 3 Air/brine ejector(eductor) C measures the level of salt in produced water 4 Demister D removes gases and brine to create vacuum 5 Pre-heater E heats water before it is supplied to flash drum 6 Fresh water pump F controls the flow of seawater 1 F 2 C 3 D 4 B 5 E 6 A 3 Underline correct word 1) We need nest of pipes/salinometer to measure the salt content. 2) Demister/flash drum is used to collect mist (small water drops). 3) There is a flow meter/ nest of heating pipes, which contain jacket cooling water and heat the seawater. 4) The part of multi stage evaporator, where the heated water is pumped we call demister/ flash drum. 5) Salinometer/ flow meter is used to regulate the flow of sea water into the generator. 6) When water evaporates really fast, we can say it nest of heating pipes/ flashes. 4 a) Study the pictures. Decide what is common for them. b) Skim the text and check your guesses. 5 Read the text. Title the paragraphs. Prehistory of fresh water generation. In the past, people used to carry tons and tons of fresh water in barrels or in specially made tanks. This was because there were no other sources of fresh water once the ship was in sea, except rain, which was quite unpredictable. Valuable of fresh water on ship. Today in spite of means on board to generate fresh water, ships carry tons and tons of fresh water in segregated fresh water tanks. Still, it is statutory requirement to have a fresh water generator for emergency use. The process by which fresh water is generated is known as
  • 2. distillation process. Sea water is converted into fresh water by evaporating and condensing the sea water or by flash process. Fresh water generators can be tube (single stage) type or flash (multi-stage) type. Shell and tube heat exchanger A tube and coil (single stage) evaporator consists of a steel vessel which has a nest of heating pipes near the bottom of the vessel, which contain being steam or, hot water from the main engine. There is a tube condenser cooled by seawater installed near the top of the vessel. Generally water is boiled at 100 degree Celsius, but in freshwater generator it is done at around 60-70 degree Celsius. For this purpose, eductors or air ejectors are use. Eductors reduces the chamber’s pressure to such a point that water starts boiling at a temperature of 60-70 degrees Celsius. Seawater is fed into the evaporator just covering the heating pipes. Heat is supplied to the pipes and, this combined with the vacuum conditions begins to boil the seawater producing steam. The steam rises up through a demister into the tube condenser where it is evaporated to distilled water. This is collected and pumped via the salinometer to the storage tanks. Multi Stage Flash evaporator This type of evaporator uses a multi-stage process which has two components, the seawater heater and the flash drum and uses two stages (pre-heating and flash evaporation) to produce fresh water very fast. This sea water is pre heated with the help of a pre heater to bring the temperature of the sea water as close to the jacket water temperature and also to make the flash process possible. The seawater can be heated using steam or the main engine cooling water, depending on the main propulsion unit. The heated seawater is pumped into the flash drum which has numerous sections all at a lower pressure than that of the water heater. Some of the hot seawater flashes of to steam in the first section, before going on through remaining sections for flashing as it moves through them. The steam rises up the flash drum through a demister and on contacting tubes where it is condensed and pumped via a salinometer to the fresh water or boiler water feed tanks. If the salt content in the distillate rises to an unacceptable level, the salinometer alarm will be activated and the distillate diverted to bilges. 6 Group the constructional part. Prove your choice. Steel vessel with a nest of heating pipes; condenser; flash drum; salinometer; eductor/air ejector; demister; pre-heater; eductor/ejector; fresh water pump; flowmeter Tube or coil FWG Flash FWG Condenser, salinometer, demister, eductor/ejector, fresh water pump, flowmeter Steel vessel with a nest of heating pipes, flash drum, eductor/air ejector, pre-heater 7 Decide which statement is about single stage (tube or coil) (S), multi stage (flash) (M) or common (BOTH) for them. S 1. Uses 1 stage for producing fresh water – seawater is simply heated at low pressure. M 2. Uses 2 staged for producing fresh water – pre-heating of seawater and flashing of seawater. B 3. Uses ejectors to create vacuum and boil water at lower temperature. M 4. Heat from jacket cooling water is supplied to a nest of heating pipes.
  • 3. S 5. Seawater is preheated to make flash process possible. S 6. Steam rises through a demister and fresh water is collected by condenser. M 7. Salinometer checks the salt content in fresh water. B 8. Fresh water is pumped via fresh water pumps in boiler feed water or fresh water tanks. 8 Restore the sequence of stages. Cadet A restores the sequence of stages in A section Cadet B restores the sequence of stages in B section A) 1 The steam is pumped via a salinometer to the fresh water or boiler water feed tanks 2 It goes on through remaining sections for flashing 5 The hot seawater flashes of to steam in the first section 3 The heated seawater is pumped into the flash drum 4 The steam rises up the flash drum through a demister B) 2 Distilled water is collected and pumped via the salinometer to the storage tanks. 4 Heat is supplied to the pipes. 6 Seawater is fed into the evaporator. 1 The steam rises up through a demister into the tube condenser 3 The steam is evaporated to distilled water 5 Heat is combined with the vacuum conditions begins to boil the seawater producing Steam 9 Compare two types of evaporators using pictures below.
  • 4. 10. Send your done ex 1-9 in Moodle (My task)