Fossil fuels such as petroleum, coal, and natural gas are nonrenewable energy resources formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals. Petroleum is a liquid fossil fuel that provides over 40% of the world's energy through gasoline and other products. Natural gas is a gaseous fossil fuel used mainly for heating and power generation, while coal is a solid fossil fuel that produces more air pollution but is still widely used by power plants. Fossil fuels form over millions of years from the compression of ancient biological material and are extracted through drilling or mining depending on the type and location underground or offshore.

4. I. Energy Resources
A. Energy
resources are
natural resources
that humans use
to generate
energy.

5. B. Most of the energy we use comes from a
group of natural resources called fossil fuels
1. A fossil fuel is a nonrenewable energy
resource formed from the remains of plants
and animals that lived long age.
2. Examples: petroleum, coal, and natural
gas
C. Energy is released from fossil fuels when
they are burned.

6. II. Types of Fossil Fuels
A. Liquid Fossil Fuels:
Petroleum
1. A liquid mixture of
complex hydrocarbon
compounds is called
petroleum (known as crude
oil)
2. Examples: gasoline, jet
fuel, kerosene, diesel fuel,
and fuel oil.
3. More than 40% of the
worlds energy comes from
petroleum

7. B. Gaseous Fossil Fuel: Natural Gas
1. A gaseous mixture of hydrocarbons is
called natural gas.
2. Most natural gas is used for heating, but
it is also used to generate electrical energy.
3. An advantage of using natural gas is
that using it causes less air pollution than other
fossil fuels, however natural gas is very
flammable.

8. 1. How are
similar?
2. How are they
different?

9. C. Solid Fossil Fuels: Coal
1. The solid fossil fuel that humans
use most is coal
2. Coal is a fossil fuel that is formed
underground from partially
decomposed plant material.
3. Burning coal produces large
amounts of air pollution.
4. People have reduced their use of
coal, however many power plants still
burn coal to generate electrical
energy.

11. III. How do Fossil Fuels Form?
A. Petroleum and natural gas
form mainly form the remains
of microscopic sea organisms
B. Coal forms underground
over millions of years when
pressure and heat cause
changes in the remains of
swamp plants.

12. VI. Where are Fossil Fuels
Found?
A. Fossil fuels are found in
many parts of the world.
B. Some fossil fuels are found
on land, while other fossil fuels
are found beneath the ocean.

14. V. How Do We Obtain Fossil Fuels?
A. The kind and location of fuel
determines the method used to
remove the fuel.
B. People remove petroleum and
natural gas from Earth by drilling wells
into rock that contains these
resources.
C. People obtain coal either by mining
deep beneath Earth’s surface or by
surface mining.

18. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=__zB80Saglk
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