The document discusses fingerprints and their use for identification. Fingerprints are unique to each individual and remain unchanged throughout one's life. They are composed of ridge patterns that can be classified as loops, whorls, or arches. Fingerprint analysis involves identifying minutiae points on fingerprints and comparing them to determine if two prints match for identification purposes. The Chinese were among the first to use fingerprints centuries ago, but the method was popularized by Francis Galton in the late 1800s. Modern fingerprint identification relies on computerized databases to scan and search large collections of digital fingerprint records.