Disease is an abnormal condition that affects the structure or function of an organism. Diseases can be communicable, meaning they can be transmitted between individuals through pathogens, or non-communicable, meaning they cannot be transmitted. Non-communicable diseases include cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes. They are often caused by unhealthy lifestyles and risk factors like diet, environment, and stress.

2. What is a disease?
Disease is a particular
abnormal condition and a
disorder of a structure or
function, that affects part or
all of an organism.

3. Disease
Communicable
Non-
communicable

4. OAre caused by pathogen
or disease-causing
organisms and can be
transmitted from one
person to another or
form animals to people.
Communicable

5. Examples include:
OCommon cold,
influenza, cholera,
dengue fever,
tuberculosis and
Communicable

6. OCan be avoided by
taking preventive
measures.
Communicable

7. OAre diseases which
cannot be
transmitted from
one person to
another.
Non-
Communicable

8. OMany of these diseases
are caused by unhealthy
lifestyle.
OSome do not cause
problems until the person
is quite old.
Non-
Communicable

9. Examples include:
OCardiovascular
disease, cancer
and diabetes
Non-
Communicable

11. ODefine non-communicable disease
ODifferentiate the characteristics of the
different non-communicable diseases
OShare your knowledge about NCD

13. OHow people live
OConditions with which they are born
OHazards around them
OBreakdown of body tissue
OPoor diet
OEnvironmental/occupational hazards
OStress and tension

14. OAllergy
OAsthma
OCardiovascula
r Disease
OCancer
ODiabetes
OArthritis
ORenal Failure

16. is a misguided
reaction to foreign
substances by the immune
system.

17. The substances that
trigger allergy are called

18. Examples of
include:
pollens, dust mite, molds,
danders and certain foods

19. OHay Fever (allergic rhinitis)
OAllergic Conjunctivitis
OAllergic Eczema
OHives (urticaria)
OAllergic Shock (anaphylactic
shock)

20. is the most
common of the allergic
diseases and is characterized
by seasonal nasal symptoms
that are due to pollens

21. ORunny nose
OStuffy nose
OSneezing
ONasal itching
(rubbing)
OItchy ears and
throat
OPost nasal
drip (throat
clearing)

22. is
inflammation of the tissue layers
that cover the surface of the
eyeball and the undersurface of the
eyelid.

23. ORedness under the lids and
the eyes
OWatery, itchy eyes
OSwelling of the membranes

24. is an
allergic rash that is usually caused
by skin contact with an allergen

25. OItching, redness, and or dryness of
the skin
ORash on the face, especially among
children
ORash around the eyes, in the elbow
creases, and behind the knees,
especially in adults

26. are skin reactions that
appear as itchy swellings and can
occur on any part of the body

27. can be caused by an
allergic reaction, such as to a food
or medication, but they may also
occur in non-allergic people.

28. ORaised red welts or swollen
mark
OIntense itching

29. is a life-
threatening reaction that can affect
a number of organs at the same
time.

30. typically
occurs when the allergen is eaten
or injected.

31. is caused
by dilated and leaky blood vessels,
which result in a drop in blood
pressure.

32. Some or all of the following may
occur
OHives or reddish discoloration
of the skin
ONasal congestion
OSwelling of the throat

33. OStomach pain, nausea, vomiting
OShortness of breath, wheezing
OLow blood pressure

36. is a chronic lung
disorder that causes airways to
become inflamed, which means
that they swell and produce lots of
thick mucus.

37. The muscles surrounding the
airways also tend to tighten, which
makes the already clogged airways
even narrower.

38. OShortness of breath
OWheezing
OCoughing
OChest tightness

39. may be prevented
through lifestyle changes, activity
reduction, allergy-shots, and
medications.

40. OHippocrates, around 450 BC in Ancient
Greece
ORecognition of asthma-like symptoms
dates back even further to Ancient
Egypt
O1930’s-1950’s, asthma as psychological
disease to be cured using therapies
rather than drugs we use today

42. is the disease of the
heart and blood vessels.

43. Cardiovascular
Disease
Heart
diseases
Vascular
Diseases

44. OCongenital heart disease
OCongestive heart failure
OArrhythmia
ORheumatic heart disease
OMyocardial infraction (heart
attack)
Heart
diseases

45. is an abnormality in
the heart’s structure that you’re
born with.

46. is the inability of the
heart to keep up with the demands
on it, with failure of the heart to
pump blood with normal efficiency.

47. is a condition
in which the heart beats with an
irregular or abnormal rhythm.

48. active or inactive
disease if the heart that results
from rheumatic fever and that is
characterized by reduced
functional capacity of the heart
caused by inflammatory
changes in the myocardium or
scarring of the valves.

49. occurs when the
heart muscle tissues dies from lack
of oxygen because of reduced
blood flow.

50. OArteriosclerosis
OHypertension or high blood
pressure
OStroke
OAneurysm
Vascular
diseases

51. is a
group of vascular diseases
characterized by thickening and
loss of elasticity of arterial walls.

52. is a form of
arteriosclerosis. It occurs when a
fatty substance such as
cholesterol is deposited on the
walls of the arteries, making the
vessels hard, narrow, and less
elastic

53. occurs
when blood pressure is higher than
normal

54. occurs when a clot
blocks a small blood vessel in the
brain, thus brain cells die from lack
of oxygen.

55. is an excessive
localized enlargement of an artery
caused by a weakening of the
artery wall.

56. OA serious stroke can cause death