This document discusses considerations for packaging products including the product type and requirements, commercial factors like quantities and delivery, and technical specifications. It also outlines the raw materials needed for manufacturing aluminum foil and polyester laminates including metallized and non-metallized polyester film, low density polyethylene, and paper. The document describes common flexible packaging options and properties of materials like HDPE, LDPE, and polypropylene. It details the dry bond lamination manufacturing process used to bond impervious webs like PET, metalized polyester, and PET polyester using adhesive and provides references on packaging materials.

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Product Considerations
 Type/nature of the product
 Quantity/weight/volume to be packed
 Critical attributes/characteristics
 Packing method and conditions
 Product protection requirements –
physical, climatic, biological,
security, etc.
Commercial Considerations
• Quantities required/ordered
• Delivery required/agreed
• Packing & shipping instructions
• Reel winding & print position
• Pricing, if agreed
• Delivery clause/insurance/terms of payment
Technical Considerations
• Designation of the pack (type, style, if
known)
• Pack raw material(s): grade, quality, weight
• Construction of pack, if known
• Relevant dimensions & tolerances
• Special features/properties/accessories
• Graphic design/printing
• Applicable standards & test methods
RAW MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS
For manufacturing of aluminum foil and
Polyester bases laminates the following raw
materials are required.
 Metallized Polyester Film
 Non Metallized Polyester Film
 Low density Polyethylene
 Paper or any other laminate able sheet.

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Film and Flexible Packaging Options
 Single and multi-layer films
 Aluminum foils and metallized films
 Film/foil/paper laminates and their
applications
 Sealing materials for films and
laminates
 Form-fill-seal processes and pouch
styles
 Specification of flexible packaging
laminates
HDPE Properties
o Low cost, easily processed
o Low softening and melting points
o Compatible with foods and most household
chemicals
o Tends to be translucent
o Good moisture barrier, poor oxygen
barrier
LDPE Properties
o Low cost, easily processed
o Films are soft and clear
o Lowest softening and melt point (good
for heat-sealing)
o Compatible with most foods and household
chemicals
o Fair moisture barrier, very poor oxygen
barrier
o Very high elongation (desirable for
stretch wrap)
Polypropylene (PP) Properties
o Low cost, easily processed, good
chemical compatibility
o Three dimensional parts translucent, so
colorants added
o Oriented PP (OPP) film is clear, stiff
and glossy,
o Unoriented PP becomes brittle at low
temperatures
o Good moisture barrier, poor oxygen
barrier
o Forms best “integral hinge” when molded
o Higher softening point than PE (can be
hot filled)

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Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)
Properties and Applications
o Highest tensile strength of packaging
polymers
o Good moisture and gas barrier
o Low elongation
o Can be made clear or translucent
o Crystallized form (CPET) has high use
temperature

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MANUFACTURING PROCESS
Dry Bond (Adhesive) Lamination:
PET (Polyester) + Adhesive + Metalized
Polyester + PET (Polyester).
This method used for bonding two impervious
web consists of applying the adhesive to the
inside face of two webs. This process is very
suitable for the laminations of plastic films
to other substrates. The application of
adhesive to the film surface by a gravure
roller and combined in the pressure up roller
and taken to the wind in rollers, with uniform
tension and free of creases folds and wrinkles
and ensuring both the ends are exactly
parallel and not telescoping. After lamination
the flexible web sheets are printed in
Flexographic printing machine.

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Reference:
1, https://packagingblog.org/2017/03/27/5-of-
the-most-common-packaging-materials-in-the-
world/
2,www.ift.org/knowledge-center/read-ift-
publications/science.../food-packaging.aspx
3, https://natural.btsa-es.com/blog/en/packaging-material-food
4, https://clickitclam.com/4-common-food-
packaging-materials/
5,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_packaging