2. A BRIEF HISTORY OF FOOD SOURCES
The sources of food are broadly classified
into two groups. These are plants and
animals and their related products.
3. Food from Plants
Plants are a source of a wide variety
of nutrients required to keep the
human body in perfect working
condition. Humans consume
everything from fruits, flowers, even
the stem of some plants, leaves and
stem-like lettuce, celery, roots of
some plants like carrots, beetroot,
and seeds like wheat, rice, etc.
6. Food from Animals
Animal products are used as
food directly or indirectly.
Milk, eggs, and meat are
actual examples of food from
animals. Animal products ,
too, are a rich source of
nutrients.
8. A BRIEF HISTORY OF AGRICULTURE Early Man
as Hunter
Early man knew how to make use of
his environment. He developed a
detailed knowledge of finding food
and water since his very survival
depended on this. However, this
knowledge did not include knowing
how to conserve is natural
resources.
9. A BRIEF HISTORY OF AGRICULTURE Early Man
as Hunter
Due to his Nomadic ways, he
would stay in one place and use
up the food and water found
there. As soon as he exhausted
these resources, he would move
on to another place and repeat
the same cycle.
10. A BRIEF HISTORY OF AGRICULTURE Early Man
as Hunter
•Eventually, the man changed
from nomad to settler. He
learned how to weave, make
pots, and manufacture tools.
Man learned to domesticate
plants and animals for greater
control over his means and
subsistence.
11. A BRIEF HISTORY OF AGRICULTURE Early Man
as Hunter
•As man increased in knowledge
and skills, he learned to shape
his environment to fit his
needs. As a result, he cut down
trees and burned forests, which
caused soil erosion and
rampant flooding.
12. The Rise of Agriculture
•As man’s knowledge of
farming techniques and tools
improved, he cultivated
more significant areas. In
many places, the cultivation
of more extensive areas
involved in the burning of
forests.
13. The Rise of Agriculture
• On this cleared land, the man planted
some crops year after year. Little effort
was exerted to restore soil fertility by
treating the land with organic matter
such as chicken dung or cow dung.
The ground then lost its natural
fertility. Unfortunately, destructive
land-use practices have not been
confined to ancient people.
14. •In the Philippines, numerous virgin forest
and land areas have been denuded under
the guise of economic and cultural
development. Infrastructure, which aims to
enhance the people's economic and cultural
life, has been constructed at the expense of
the environment.
15. Where Did Crops Originate?
•Gradual Advancement
Over the next 8,500 years, agriculture evolved
relatively slowly. Through trial and error, farmers
around the world began to breed better plants. They
naturally noticed that not all plants within a species
were the same. Some grew larger, tasted better, or
were easier to grind into a meal. They began to save
seeds from the best plants and sow them for the
following year’s harvest.
16. •Over hundreds of generations, this led to the
transformation of wild plants into the more
significant, tastier grains and vegetables we know
today. During the Bronze and Iron Ages, stone and
wooden tools were replaced by stronger, more
efficient metal tools. However, farming remained a
time- and labor-intensive pursuit that involved
nearly 80% of the world’s population.
17. The Agricultural Revolution
From 800 to 1400 A.D., the tools of
farming remained essentially
unchanged. The early colonists in
North America used plows that
were no different or better than
the plows used during the Roman
Empire. Then suddenly, during the
18th and 19th agricultural
exploded.
18. The Agricultural Revolution
Plow design improved, and
an centuries, innovation was
Englishman named Jethro
Tull invented the world’s
first seed drill, which
allowed seeds to straight
rows. be planted quickly in
neat, straight rows.
19. The Agricultural Revolution
Horse-drawn, mechanized
harvesting equipment, like
Cyrus McCormick’s reaper,
quickly followed. Farmers could
now plant and harvest in a
fraction of the time is used to
take them. Agricultural
productivity soared.
20. Industrialization
•During the 20th century, gasoline-powered
machines began to replace traditional,
horse-drawn equipment. After World War II,
this, combined with fertilizer and pesticide
technology advancements, allowed
agricultural productivity to take another
leap forward.
21. Industrialization
•The new technological efficiencies meant
farmers could manage more land. Over time,
this led to fewer, larger farms. For developed
countries, it also led to a shift in the labor force.
For example, in the United States, the
percentage of the workforce engaged in
farming dropped from 40% (in 1900) to just 2%
(in 2000).
22. Industrialization
•Because fewer of us lived on farms, it
became easier to forget how crops were
grown, processed, and shipped. In the
more developed countries, food became
an available, affordable commodity from
“somewhere else.”
23. Post-Industrialization
•Between 1900 and 2012, the world’s
population grew from 1.6 billion to more
than 7 billion. In 1700, only 7% of the
earth’s surface was used for agriculture.
Today it is more than 40%. And only a
portion of the land that is left is currently
suitable for growing crops.
24. Post-Industrialization
•Agriculture is at a crossroads. The world
needs to produce more food than ever
before while conserving the limited
resources we have available. Where we go
from here will require the ingenuity and
cooperation of farmers, companies,
governments, universities, and citizens alike.
26. •Agriculture represents the single most significant
human use of land and water. Therefore, it has a
more significant potential impact on our planet than
any other human endeavor. At the same time,
agriculture is one of the first things to be affected by
changes in our environment. Rising temperatures,
extreme weather, drought are only three of the
many issues agriculture must deal with to feed
humanity.
27. Our Biggest Environmental Footprint
•By some estimates, agriculture currently uses 60% of
the arable land on planet Earth. It also uses 70% of
our freshwater.
•There are different opinions about how agriculture
can meet the needs of a growing population.
However, one thing is clear, if we have to double our
food production in the next few decades, but it is
mathematically impossible to double the amount of
land and water we already use.
28. Agriculture and Climate Change
•As a society, we’re just beginning to feel the impacts
of climate change. Some effects of agriculture, such
as the greenhouse gases produced by farm
machinery and fertilizer production, are contributing
factors. And, of course, agriculture itself can suffer
from the effects of climate change. Agriculture
needs to adapt to changing conditions and use
farming techniques that reduce the impact of our
changing climate.
29. Water Issues
•In addition to rising global temperatures,
erratic precipitation patterns too much in
some areas, not enough in others are
causing new challenges for farmers. Due to
glacial melting, some areas have lost or are
in danger of losing their freshwater supply
for irrigation.
30. Deforestation and Biodiversity
• A leading cause of deforestation
is the need to clear new land
for cattle grazing and crop
production. In many parts of
the world, this deforestation is
happening in areas that are rich
in biodiversity, such as
rainforests.
31. Deforestation and Biodiversity
• This put additional pressure on
important plant and animal
species, but the elimination of
thousands of acres of trees also
reduces the ability of the Earth to
trap carbon. More carbon in the
atmosphere can intensify climate
change, increasing the potential
adverse effects on crop
production.
32. A Complicated Cycle
•The relationship between agriculture
and climate change is complex. Just as
agriculture is searching for ways to
increase food production dramatically,
the effects of climate change are making
production increases more difficult.
33. Enumerate the food sources for the different
nutrients given. Give a much as you can.
34. Enumerate the food sources for the different
nutrients given. Give a much as you can.
35. Movie analysis
(When Food Becomes Scarce 2020)
• Make a reflection paper about the essence of the
movie about food and living resources. (minimum of
200 words, maximum of 500 words).
• Video source:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KIEOuKD9KX8&li
st=LL&index=6&t=282s
Editor's Notes
All food comes from plants, and even animals depend on plants. Hence, we obtain food from plants directly or indirectly. One is advised to consume fruits and vegetables daily because it is a source of rich nutrients. Plants provide us with vegetables, coffee, cereals, pulses, fruits, sugar, spices, oil, etc. Different parts of the plants offer other food materials.
The food chain is composed of these animals starting with organisms that use the sun's energy to the apex at which the organisms are predators and rely on producers.
From 800 to 1400 A.D., the tools of farming remained essentially unchanged. The early colonists in North America used plows that were no different or better than the plows used during the Roman Empire. Then suddenly, during the 18th and 19th agricultural exploded.
From 800 to 1400 A.D., the tools of farming remained essentially unchanged. The early colonists in North America used plows that were no different or better than the plows used during the Roman Empire. Then suddenly, during the 18th and 19th agricultural exploded.
From 800 to 1400 A.D., the tools of farming remained essentially unchanged. The early colonists in North America used plows that were no different or better than the plows used during the Roman Empire. Then suddenly, during the 18th and 19th agricultural exploded.
