The document summarizes key topics in environmental science, including the goals and interdisciplinary nature of the field. It describes how human activities like hunting, agriculture, and the Industrial Revolution have impacted the environment over time. As populations and resource usage have increased, major environmental problems have emerged like resource depletion, pollution, and loss of biodiversity. Understanding these issues is important for maintaining a healthy relationship between humans and the environment.
Environmental science is the study of how humans interact with the environment. It aims to understand and solve environmental problems through many contributing fields like ecology, chemistry, geology, and social sciences. There are several branches of environmental science like atmospheric science, ecology, environmental chemistry, and geosciences that study different aspects of the environment and are important in dealing with issues like pollution, resource use, and conservation. Throughout history, human activities from hunting-gathering to agriculture and the industrial revolution have impacted the environment in both beneficial and problematic ways.
This chapter introduces environmental science and discusses its goals of understanding and solving environmental problems. It describes how hunter-gatherers, the agricultural revolution, and the industrial revolution impacted the environment. It also distinguishes between renewable and nonrenewable resources and classifies major environmental problems as resource depletion, pollution, and loss of biodiversity.
Biology - Chp 6 - Humans In The Biosphere - PowerPointMel Anthony Pepito
This chapter discusses how human activities affect the biosphere and its resources. It covers topics like renewable and nonrenewable resources, including soil, forests, fisheries, air, and freshwater. It also addresses the importance of biodiversity and the threats it faces from habitat loss, pollution, invasive species, and more. The chapter explores the issues of ozone depletion and global climate change, and how understanding these problems helps chart a more sustainable course for managing the biosphere in the future.
The document defines key terms in environmental science and ecology, outlines the major fields of study that contribute to environmental science, and describes how hunter-gatherers, the agricultural revolution, and the industrial revolution impacted the environment. It identifies the goals of environmental science as understanding and solving environmental problems by studying human use of natural resources and how human actions change the environment. The document also classifies the three major environmental problems as resource depletion, pollution, and loss of biodiversity.
1. Advances in Environmental Health For MPH students.pptxLakew4
This course covers environmental health topics including hazards, exposure, risk, pollution prevention, hygiene, and essential services. Methods of instruction include lectures, discussions, homework, group projects, and readings. Key definitions include environment, environmental science, and environmental health. Maintaining a healthy environment is important for public health as environmental factors contribute to many preventable deaths globally.
The document discusses the field of environmental science. It defines environmental science as the study of the air, water, and land surrounding organisms and communities, ranging from small to Earth's entire biosphere. The goal of environmental science is to study how human actions alter the environment and how humans use natural resources. Many fields contribute to environmental science, including ecology, which studies the interactions between living organisms and their environment.
- Environmental studies is a multidisciplinary subject that investigates our environment through empirical science. It identifies hazardous conditions and issues warnings to promote sustainable development without environmental degradation.
- Global environmental issues like climate change have local impacts through increased natural disasters, shifts in habitats and species, and effects on water resources and disease. In Kerala, issues include pollution, droughts, floods, landslides, and loss of wetlands affecting groundwater.
- Youth can play an important role in conservation through local involvement in maintaining parks and public spaces, following the 3R principles of reduce, reuse and recycle, advocating for eco-friendly schools and lifestyles, and identifying local environmental problems and solutions.
This document discusses ecosystems and biodiversity. It begins by outlining the hierarchy of biological organization, from species up to biomes. It then lists some main ecosystem types and describes how geography, weather, climate and geology influence interactions within ecosystems. It distinguishes between abiotic (non-living) and biotic (living) factors. Trophic levels and energy pyramids are explained. Several human impacts are discussed, such as increased nitrogen in the atmosphere, pollution of freshwater, depletion of stratospheric ozone, and acid rain. The importance of biodiversity and species roles within ecosystems is emphasized. Specific case studies focus on cockroaches, amphibian declines, sharks, and tigers.
Environmental science is the study of how humans interact with the environment. It aims to understand and solve environmental problems through many contributing fields like ecology, chemistry, geology, and social sciences. There are several branches of environmental science like atmospheric science, ecology, environmental chemistry, and geosciences that study different aspects of the environment and are important in dealing with issues like pollution, resource use, and conservation. Throughout history, human activities from hunting-gathering to agriculture and the industrial revolution have impacted the environment in both beneficial and problematic ways.
This chapter introduces environmental science and discusses its goals of understanding and solving environmental problems. It describes how hunter-gatherers, the agricultural revolution, and the industrial revolution impacted the environment. It also distinguishes between renewable and nonrenewable resources and classifies major environmental problems as resource depletion, pollution, and loss of biodiversity.
Biology - Chp 6 - Humans In The Biosphere - PowerPointMel Anthony Pepito
This chapter discusses how human activities affect the biosphere and its resources. It covers topics like renewable and nonrenewable resources, including soil, forests, fisheries, air, and freshwater. It also addresses the importance of biodiversity and the threats it faces from habitat loss, pollution, invasive species, and more. The chapter explores the issues of ozone depletion and global climate change, and how understanding these problems helps chart a more sustainable course for managing the biosphere in the future.
The document defines key terms in environmental science and ecology, outlines the major fields of study that contribute to environmental science, and describes how hunter-gatherers, the agricultural revolution, and the industrial revolution impacted the environment. It identifies the goals of environmental science as understanding and solving environmental problems by studying human use of natural resources and how human actions change the environment. The document also classifies the three major environmental problems as resource depletion, pollution, and loss of biodiversity.
1. Advances in Environmental Health For MPH students.pptxLakew4
This course covers environmental health topics including hazards, exposure, risk, pollution prevention, hygiene, and essential services. Methods of instruction include lectures, discussions, homework, group projects, and readings. Key definitions include environment, environmental science, and environmental health. Maintaining a healthy environment is important for public health as environmental factors contribute to many preventable deaths globally.
The document discusses the field of environmental science. It defines environmental science as the study of the air, water, and land surrounding organisms and communities, ranging from small to Earth's entire biosphere. The goal of environmental science is to study how human actions alter the environment and how humans use natural resources. Many fields contribute to environmental science, including ecology, which studies the interactions between living organisms and their environment.
- Environmental studies is a multidisciplinary subject that investigates our environment through empirical science. It identifies hazardous conditions and issues warnings to promote sustainable development without environmental degradation.
- Global environmental issues like climate change have local impacts through increased natural disasters, shifts in habitats and species, and effects on water resources and disease. In Kerala, issues include pollution, droughts, floods, landslides, and loss of wetlands affecting groundwater.
- Youth can play an important role in conservation through local involvement in maintaining parks and public spaces, following the 3R principles of reduce, reuse and recycle, advocating for eco-friendly schools and lifestyles, and identifying local environmental problems and solutions.
This document discusses ecosystems and biodiversity. It begins by outlining the hierarchy of biological organization, from species up to biomes. It then lists some main ecosystem types and describes how geography, weather, climate and geology influence interactions within ecosystems. It distinguishes between abiotic (non-living) and biotic (living) factors. Trophic levels and energy pyramids are explained. Several human impacts are discussed, such as increased nitrogen in the atmosphere, pollution of freshwater, depletion of stratospheric ozone, and acid rain. The importance of biodiversity and species roles within ecosystems is emphasized. Specific case studies focus on cockroaches, amphibian declines, sharks, and tigers.
This document discusses biodiversity and forestry management. It defines biodiversity as the variety of life forms within a given environment. Terrestrial biodiversity is highest near the equator due to warm temperatures and high primary productivity, while marine biodiversity is highest along shorelines in tropical areas. Five major extinction events in Earth's history caused large reductions in biodiversity. Forestry involves managing forests to meet human needs while maintaining ecological resources and other values. The challenge is developing culturally acceptable practices that sustain the forest resource over time. Forestry aims to provide wood and other forest products while also supporting wildlife habitat and water quality.
This is a power point presentation for class 11 students.this is purely for seminar or presentation based.This is to help students for ideas ,how to present and to know the earth ,love it.
Biomes and their OrganismsXIyu ShenArgosy University.docxhartrobert670
This document outlines the demographic transition and its environmental impacts in Germany from 1800 to present day. It describes 5 stages of transition: 1) 1800 - low birth/high death rates during wars; 2) 1900 - increasing population as industrialization began, with high birth and decreasing death rates; 3) 1960 - continuing industrialization led to more pollution while birth rates remained high; 4) 1990 - population growth as reunification occurred and birth rates began to decline; 5) present day - Germany has low and stable birth/death rates, but faces increased environmental challenges from urbanization and industrialization such as pollution. The timeline shows Germany's shift from an agrarian to industrialized society and the related demographic and environmental changes.
The multidisciplinary nature of environmental studies and natural resources Maitry Agrawal
The document discusses the multidisciplinary nature of environmental studies and natural resources. It notes that environmental studies draw from many fields like biology, geology, chemistry, physics, engineering, sociology and more. It also outlines the scope of environmental studies, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere and biosphere. Additionally, it discusses the importance of environmental studies, types of natural resources, the roles of individuals and governments in conservation, and achieving a more sustainable lifestyle through more equitable use of resources.
The document discusses ecological impacts of disasters both natural and man-made. It provides examples of major disasters in India like the Bhopal gas leak in 1984 which killed thousands and continues to impact the local environment. Climate change is also causing ecological impacts as species ranges and timing change and ecosystems are disrupted. While climate change has global causes, the impacts are often local. Human activities that contribute to climate change and damage habitats can compound the effects on ecosystems, but changes in human practices may help species better adapt.
General Botany Group four presentation.
This presentation focus on so many biological related topics. It primarily focus on conservation of life in any biodiversity.
The document discusses ecosystems and biodiversity. It describes the hierarchy of ecological levels from species to biomes. The main ecosystems on Earth are then listed and described. Abiotic and biotic factors that influence ecosystems are defined. The document also discusses trophic levels and energy transfer through food chains. Human impacts like pollution, climate change, and overuse of resources can disrupt nutrient cycles and harm biodiversity. Evolution occurs through natural selection and genetic variation as organisms adapt to environmental changes over many generations.
Unit 1 ch1 s1 understanding our environmentwja10255
This document provides an overview of environmental science, including how humans interact with and impact the environment. It discusses the fields of study related to the environment, how early humans hunted and gathered with minimal impact but how the agricultural and industrial revolutions led to overpopulation and issues like resource depletion, pollution, and loss of biodiversity that threaten the environment.
This document discusses the impact of human activities on biodiversity and the environment. It notes that rainforests have the greatest biodiversity and that biodiversity promotes ecosystem stability. The main threats to biodiversity are habitat destruction through deforestation and climate change, which are exacerbated by practices like burning fossil fuels that release carbon dioxide. Deforestation upsets carbon and oxygen cycles and has led to many species becoming endangered or extinct. While pharmaceuticals often come from biodiversity, human activities are reducing biodiversity, which could negatively impact humanity's long-term survival. Individual actions like planting trees can help protect biodiversity.
This document discusses the impact of human activities on biodiversity and the environment. It notes that rainforests have the greatest biodiversity and that biodiversity promotes ecosystem stability. The main threats to biodiversity are habitat destruction through deforestation and climate change, which are exacerbated by practices like burning fossil fuels that release carbon dioxide. Deforestation upsets carbon and oxygen cycles and has led to many species becoming endangered or extinct. While pharmaceuticals often come from biodiversity, human activities are reducing species and habitats. Individual actions like planting trees and supporting protection laws can help maintain biodiversity for future human survival and well-being.
Multidisciplinary nature of enviromental studies.pptx by Jeel DobariyaJeelDobariya2
Welcome to a comprehensive exploration of the multidisciplinary nature of environmental studies! In this engaging PowerPoint presentation, we delve into the interconnectedness of various disciplines and their contributions to our understanding of the environment.
Discover how fields such as ecology, sociology, economics, geography, and more intersect and collaborate to address complex environmental challenges. we uncover the importance of multidisciplinary approaches in promoting sustainable solutions.
By attending this presentation, you will gain insights into the multidimensional aspects of environmental studies and how collaboration across disciplines can lead to more effective environmental solutions.
Tags:
Environmental Studies, Multidisciplinary Approach, Sociology, Economics, Geography, Sustainability, Interconnectedness, Environmental Challenges, Technological Innovations, Ecosystem Services, Environmental Conservation.
Key Topics Covered:
Ecological Perspectives: Uncover the intricate relationships between organisms, ecosystems, and the environment.
Social Dimensions: Examine the social and cultural influences on environmental attitudes and behaviors.
Economic Considerations: Explore the economic impacts of environmental degradation and the value of ecosystem services.
Policy and Governance: Understand the role of policies, laws, and international agreements in shaping environmental management.
Technological Innovations: Learn about cutting-edge technologies and their applications in environmental conservation and mitigation.
Here are potential responses to the assignment questions:
1. There are reasonable arguments both for and against the view that human domination over nature and environmental problems started with the advent of agriculture. In favor is that agriculture allowed permanent settlements and population growth, leading to greater resource use. However, hunter-gatherer societies also impacted the environment, and some problems like climate change have more recent causes. Overall it is a complex issue with no clear answer.
2. Environmental science should focus more on the scientific and technical aspects like ecology, pollution causes and remediation. Environmental studies should provide more social context focusing on things like resource use patterns, environmental policies, economics and ethics. Studies should be more interdisciplinary and accessible to non-science students
CONTENTS:
1).INTRODUCTION
2).CLIMATE CHANGE
3).ENERGY EMERGENCY
4).WASTED WATER
5).PLASTIC PLIGHT
6).BIODIVERSITY IN A BIND
In this PPT we talk about various factors which would help us in making this world a better place to live and sustain.
Enviromental science and enginnering with sustainabilityDhesinghRajaLekha
This document provides an introduction to environmental science and sustainability. It defines environmental science as the interdisciplinary study of humanity's relationship with other organisms and the non-living environment. It also defines sustainability as the ability of the environment to function indefinitely without decline from human-imposed stresses on natural systems like soil, water and air. The document notes that humans are currently using resources unsustainably and polluting the environment. It discusses issues like population growth, resource depletion, pollution and loss of biodiversity that environmental science addresses.
Biodiversity refers to the variety of life in a given area. It includes genetic diversity within species, species diversity within biological communities, and ecosystem diversity within biomes. Biodiversity increases ecosystem stability and contributes to a healthy biosphere. However, human activities like habitat loss, pollution, and overexploitation are threatening biodiversity by increasing extinction rates. Efforts to protect biodiversity include creating protected natural areas, sustainable resource use, and international agreements.
This document provides an overview of environment and ecosystem topics including:
- The definition of environment and its biotic and abiotic components.
- How human population growth and economic development have increased resource consumption and environmental stress.
- The importance of environmental studies as a multidisciplinary field and some examples of human impacts.
- The scope and importance of sustainable utilization of natural resources and creating public awareness of environmental issues.
- Some key government and non-government institutions working in the environment field in India and some important figures.
B.tech. i es unit 1 environment ecology and ecosystemRai University
The document discusses the components and structure of the environment. It can be summarized as follows:
The environment has biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components that interact. It is divided into four main spheres - the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. The atmosphere provides gases essential for life. The lithosphere comprises rocks and soil. The hydrosphere contains Earth's water resources. The biosphere is the zone where living organisms exist, encompassing parts of the other spheres. Traditional societies lived in greater harmony with the environment, but modern human activities like population growth, urbanization, and industrialization have degraded the environment through pollution, overexploitation, and biodiversity loss
This document discusses environmental sustainability and what is needed for a sustainable society. It provides three key principles of sustainability: 1) dependence on solar energy, 2) biodiversity which renews soil and purifies air/water, and 3) chemical cycling which recycles nutrients. A sustainable society lives off the earth's natural processes without depleting resources. While renewable resources can be renewed, nonrenewable resources are finite and human activity has exceeded replacement rates. Developed countries have a much larger ecological footprint due to higher consumption despite being only 19% of the population.
This document provides an overview of environmental science and ecosystems. It defines environmental science as the study of how humans interact with their environment, including both natural and human-made components. It then describes different types of ecosystems like forests, grasslands, deserts, freshwater, and marine environments. For each ecosystem, it outlines the key biotic components (producers, consumers, decomposers) and abiotic components. Overall, the document introduces some of the fundamental concepts of environmental science and ecology.
This document discusses biodiversity and forestry management. It defines biodiversity as the variety of life forms within a given environment. Terrestrial biodiversity is highest near the equator due to warm temperatures and high primary productivity, while marine biodiversity is highest along shorelines in tropical areas. Five major extinction events in Earth's history caused large reductions in biodiversity. Forestry involves managing forests to meet human needs while maintaining ecological resources and other values. The challenge is developing culturally acceptable practices that sustain the forest resource over time. Forestry aims to provide wood and other forest products while also supporting wildlife habitat and water quality.
This is a power point presentation for class 11 students.this is purely for seminar or presentation based.This is to help students for ideas ,how to present and to know the earth ,love it.
Biomes and their OrganismsXIyu ShenArgosy University.docxhartrobert670
This document outlines the demographic transition and its environmental impacts in Germany from 1800 to present day. It describes 5 stages of transition: 1) 1800 - low birth/high death rates during wars; 2) 1900 - increasing population as industrialization began, with high birth and decreasing death rates; 3) 1960 - continuing industrialization led to more pollution while birth rates remained high; 4) 1990 - population growth as reunification occurred and birth rates began to decline; 5) present day - Germany has low and stable birth/death rates, but faces increased environmental challenges from urbanization and industrialization such as pollution. The timeline shows Germany's shift from an agrarian to industrialized society and the related demographic and environmental changes.
The multidisciplinary nature of environmental studies and natural resources Maitry Agrawal
The document discusses the multidisciplinary nature of environmental studies and natural resources. It notes that environmental studies draw from many fields like biology, geology, chemistry, physics, engineering, sociology and more. It also outlines the scope of environmental studies, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere and biosphere. Additionally, it discusses the importance of environmental studies, types of natural resources, the roles of individuals and governments in conservation, and achieving a more sustainable lifestyle through more equitable use of resources.
The document discusses ecological impacts of disasters both natural and man-made. It provides examples of major disasters in India like the Bhopal gas leak in 1984 which killed thousands and continues to impact the local environment. Climate change is also causing ecological impacts as species ranges and timing change and ecosystems are disrupted. While climate change has global causes, the impacts are often local. Human activities that contribute to climate change and damage habitats can compound the effects on ecosystems, but changes in human practices may help species better adapt.
General Botany Group four presentation.
This presentation focus on so many biological related topics. It primarily focus on conservation of life in any biodiversity.
The document discusses ecosystems and biodiversity. It describes the hierarchy of ecological levels from species to biomes. The main ecosystems on Earth are then listed and described. Abiotic and biotic factors that influence ecosystems are defined. The document also discusses trophic levels and energy transfer through food chains. Human impacts like pollution, climate change, and overuse of resources can disrupt nutrient cycles and harm biodiversity. Evolution occurs through natural selection and genetic variation as organisms adapt to environmental changes over many generations.
Unit 1 ch1 s1 understanding our environmentwja10255
This document provides an overview of environmental science, including how humans interact with and impact the environment. It discusses the fields of study related to the environment, how early humans hunted and gathered with minimal impact but how the agricultural and industrial revolutions led to overpopulation and issues like resource depletion, pollution, and loss of biodiversity that threaten the environment.
This document discusses the impact of human activities on biodiversity and the environment. It notes that rainforests have the greatest biodiversity and that biodiversity promotes ecosystem stability. The main threats to biodiversity are habitat destruction through deforestation and climate change, which are exacerbated by practices like burning fossil fuels that release carbon dioxide. Deforestation upsets carbon and oxygen cycles and has led to many species becoming endangered or extinct. While pharmaceuticals often come from biodiversity, human activities are reducing biodiversity, which could negatively impact humanity's long-term survival. Individual actions like planting trees can help protect biodiversity.
This document discusses the impact of human activities on biodiversity and the environment. It notes that rainforests have the greatest biodiversity and that biodiversity promotes ecosystem stability. The main threats to biodiversity are habitat destruction through deforestation and climate change, which are exacerbated by practices like burning fossil fuels that release carbon dioxide. Deforestation upsets carbon and oxygen cycles and has led to many species becoming endangered or extinct. While pharmaceuticals often come from biodiversity, human activities are reducing species and habitats. Individual actions like planting trees and supporting protection laws can help maintain biodiversity for future human survival and well-being.
Multidisciplinary nature of enviromental studies.pptx by Jeel DobariyaJeelDobariya2
Welcome to a comprehensive exploration of the multidisciplinary nature of environmental studies! In this engaging PowerPoint presentation, we delve into the interconnectedness of various disciplines and their contributions to our understanding of the environment.
Discover how fields such as ecology, sociology, economics, geography, and more intersect and collaborate to address complex environmental challenges. we uncover the importance of multidisciplinary approaches in promoting sustainable solutions.
By attending this presentation, you will gain insights into the multidimensional aspects of environmental studies and how collaboration across disciplines can lead to more effective environmental solutions.
Tags:
Environmental Studies, Multidisciplinary Approach, Sociology, Economics, Geography, Sustainability, Interconnectedness, Environmental Challenges, Technological Innovations, Ecosystem Services, Environmental Conservation.
Key Topics Covered:
Ecological Perspectives: Uncover the intricate relationships between organisms, ecosystems, and the environment.
Social Dimensions: Examine the social and cultural influences on environmental attitudes and behaviors.
Economic Considerations: Explore the economic impacts of environmental degradation and the value of ecosystem services.
Policy and Governance: Understand the role of policies, laws, and international agreements in shaping environmental management.
Technological Innovations: Learn about cutting-edge technologies and their applications in environmental conservation and mitigation.
Here are potential responses to the assignment questions:
1. There are reasonable arguments both for and against the view that human domination over nature and environmental problems started with the advent of agriculture. In favor is that agriculture allowed permanent settlements and population growth, leading to greater resource use. However, hunter-gatherer societies also impacted the environment, and some problems like climate change have more recent causes. Overall it is a complex issue with no clear answer.
2. Environmental science should focus more on the scientific and technical aspects like ecology, pollution causes and remediation. Environmental studies should provide more social context focusing on things like resource use patterns, environmental policies, economics and ethics. Studies should be more interdisciplinary and accessible to non-science students
CONTENTS:
1).INTRODUCTION
2).CLIMATE CHANGE
3).ENERGY EMERGENCY
4).WASTED WATER
5).PLASTIC PLIGHT
6).BIODIVERSITY IN A BIND
In this PPT we talk about various factors which would help us in making this world a better place to live and sustain.
Enviromental science and enginnering with sustainabilityDhesinghRajaLekha
This document provides an introduction to environmental science and sustainability. It defines environmental science as the interdisciplinary study of humanity's relationship with other organisms and the non-living environment. It also defines sustainability as the ability of the environment to function indefinitely without decline from human-imposed stresses on natural systems like soil, water and air. The document notes that humans are currently using resources unsustainably and polluting the environment. It discusses issues like population growth, resource depletion, pollution and loss of biodiversity that environmental science addresses.
Biodiversity refers to the variety of life in a given area. It includes genetic diversity within species, species diversity within biological communities, and ecosystem diversity within biomes. Biodiversity increases ecosystem stability and contributes to a healthy biosphere. However, human activities like habitat loss, pollution, and overexploitation are threatening biodiversity by increasing extinction rates. Efforts to protect biodiversity include creating protected natural areas, sustainable resource use, and international agreements.
This document provides an overview of environment and ecosystem topics including:
- The definition of environment and its biotic and abiotic components.
- How human population growth and economic development have increased resource consumption and environmental stress.
- The importance of environmental studies as a multidisciplinary field and some examples of human impacts.
- The scope and importance of sustainable utilization of natural resources and creating public awareness of environmental issues.
- Some key government and non-government institutions working in the environment field in India and some important figures.
B.tech. i es unit 1 environment ecology and ecosystemRai University
The document discusses the components and structure of the environment. It can be summarized as follows:
The environment has biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components that interact. It is divided into four main spheres - the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. The atmosphere provides gases essential for life. The lithosphere comprises rocks and soil. The hydrosphere contains Earth's water resources. The biosphere is the zone where living organisms exist, encompassing parts of the other spheres. Traditional societies lived in greater harmony with the environment, but modern human activities like population growth, urbanization, and industrialization have degraded the environment through pollution, overexploitation, and biodiversity loss
This document discusses environmental sustainability and what is needed for a sustainable society. It provides three key principles of sustainability: 1) dependence on solar energy, 2) biodiversity which renews soil and purifies air/water, and 3) chemical cycling which recycles nutrients. A sustainable society lives off the earth's natural processes without depleting resources. While renewable resources can be renewed, nonrenewable resources are finite and human activity has exceeded replacement rates. Developed countries have a much larger ecological footprint due to higher consumption despite being only 19% of the population.
This document provides an overview of environmental science and ecosystems. It defines environmental science as the study of how humans interact with their environment, including both natural and human-made components. It then describes different types of ecosystems like forests, grasslands, deserts, freshwater, and marine environments. For each ecosystem, it outlines the key biotic components (producers, consumers, decomposers) and abiotic components. Overall, the document introduces some of the fundamental concepts of environmental science and ecology.
This document discusses enzymes and their functions. It defines enzymes as biological catalysts that facilitate chemical reactions in living organisms. It categorizes enzymes into six main types based on the reactions they catalyze - oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases, lyases, isomerases, and ligases. Examples are provided of specific enzymes like lactase, amylase, and lipase along with their functions. The document also describes how enzymes lower activation energy, form enzyme-substrate complexes, and are affected by substrate concentration. It explains the lock-and-key and induced fit models of enzyme-substrate binding.
This document provides an overview of classical physics in the late 19th century, including mechanics, electromagnetism, thermodynamics, and the atomic theory of matter. It discusses outstanding questions like the structure of atoms and blackbody radiation. New discoveries like X-rays and radioactivity added complications. This set the stage for the development of modern physics theories like relativity and quantum mechanics to resolve issues classical physics could not.
This document provides an introduction to bioethics. It defines ethics as concerning right and wrong and morality. Bioethics is important because historical events like the Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment showed that scientific progress requires ethical guidelines. The document discusses principles of bioethics like beneficence, non-maleficence, and autonomy. It also explains that ethical dilemmas have no right answers, but require reasoned debate and consideration of all perspectives to find the best solution. Developing ethical solutions takes time and open discussion rather than isolation or majority rule.
This document provides an introduction to cell structure and function and biochemistry. It defines biochemistry as the study of biological processes at the cellular and molecular level. The key components of cells are described, including the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The major classes of biomolecules like proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids are introduced along with their functions. Common biochemical reactions like oxidation-reduction are also summarized. Maintaining the high internal order of cells requires processes like biosynthesis, transport across membranes, cell movement, and waste removal.
Atmospheric pressure is measured in millibars and is caused by the weight of the air above pressing down. It varies depending on altitude, temperature, and water vapor content. Higher altitudes, higher temperatures, and more moisture all result in lower atmospheric pressure. Atmospheric pressure is measured using mercury or aneroid barometers.
- Air has mass and pressure due to gravity pressing down on its mass. Denser air has more pressure.
- Atmospheric pressure can be measured using barometers like mercury or aneroid barometers. Weather reports use units like inches of mercury or millibars to indicate pressure.
- Air pressure decreases with increasing altitude and elevation due to there being less air above pressing down. The higher the altitude, the less dense the air becomes.
This document provides an overview of Earth science and the solar system. It describes the four branches of Earth science: geology, meteorology, astronomy, and oceanography. It then explains the importance of studying Earth science, including understanding natural resources and hazards. The document continues by defining the solar system and describing how it formed based on the planetesimal and nebular theories. It outlines the layers of the Sun and solar activities like sunspots and solar flares. Finally, it characterizes the eight major planets, grouping the inner terrestrial planets and outer gas giants, and provides key details about each planetary body.
This document discusses communities of practice and their importance in community development. It defines a community of practice as a group that shares a common interest or goal and interacts regularly to better achieve these. Key characteristics include a shared domain of interest, joint activities and relationship building among members. Communities of practice are important as they educate members, support collaboration, cultivate learning, encourage sharing, and help integrate new knowledge. The values of community development that communities of practice support include collaboration, meaningful participation, respect, strengths-based approaches, and integrity.
This document provides an overview of Mendelian genetics. It discusses:
- Gregor Mendel, the father of genetics, who discovered the basic principles of heredity through pea plant experiments in the mid-1800s.
- Key genetic terminology like traits, heredity, genetics, alleles, genotype and phenotype.
- Mendel's experiments on monohybrid and dihybrid crosses, which showed that traits are inherited in predictable ratios and follow the laws of dominance and segregation.
- Mendel's laws of inheritance: dominance, segregation, and independent assortment. His work established the foundation of modern genetics.
NATIONAL LEARNING CAMP__Specific Guidelines FINAL.pdfSer Louis Fabunan
The document outlines the Department of Education's agenda to improve learner outcomes and teacher competence through a voluntary three to five week summer break program called the National Learning Camp (NLC). It provides templates for the NLC including a registration form, parent consent form, and suggested timetables. It also discusses providing updates to parents on student progress and assessing students before and after the program. The document details monitoring and evaluation of the NLC's implementation where school heads supervise schools, regional offices monitor compliance, and the central office evaluates results to improve the policy.
Thermodynamics describes the transfer of energy and the natural tendency of systems to move towards lower energy states. A system and its surroundings are defined, and changes in a system are associated with energy transfer. Gibbs free energy (G) is a measure of a system's chemical energy and all systems naturally move towards minimum G states. G depends on enthalpy (H), temperature (T), and entropy (S). The phase or reaction with lowest G is the most stable under a given set of conditions. Phase diagrams can be constructed using G to predict stability fields with changing P and T.
This document provides a situational analysis and proposed strategies, programs, and projects for the Division of Bulacan for school years 2014-2017. Key points from the analysis include high enrollment rates but low test scores, and high dropout rates. Proposed strategies address these issues through interventions to reduce dropout rates, livelihood programs to address poverty, and technical assistance for teachers. The financial plan outlines funding sources from the provincial SEF for initiatives related to curriculum/instruction, school governance, private school support, and student/teacher development.
The document discusses key events surrounding the Philippine Declaration of Independence from Spanish colonial rule on June 12, 1898. It provides background on the Philippine Revolution against Spain led by national heroes like Emilio Aguinaldo, Andres Bonifacio, and Jose Rizal. On June 12th, Aguinaldo proclaimed Philippine independence and established the First Philippine Republic. The declaration marked the end of over 300 years of Spanish colonialism and the beginning of Philippine sovereignty.
The document discusses various aspects of instructional planning for teaching. It covers types of instructional planning like course planning, unit planning, and lesson planning. It also discusses developing objectives, designing lessons, assessing learning, and teaching strategies like lectures, discussions, demonstrations and role playing. Effective instructional planning provides direction for teachers, develops well-organized learning experiences, and prepares students for classroom activities.
The document defines the key traits and elements of literature. It discusses how literature has structure and form, explores genres like tragedy and comedy, and elements such as plot, theme, and characterization. The document contrasts popular works with those considered Literature, noting that Literature has lasting significance by providing insight into the human condition and making readers think in a way that teaches them about culture and life.
This document discusses the key elements of drama, including plot, character, setting, conflict, and theme. It explains the differences between stories and plays, such as plays being performed live on stage without a narrator. The document also covers different genres like tragedy and comedy, as well as dramatic techniques including dramatic irony, foils, monologues, soliloquies, and asides. Technical elements of drama production are also defined, such as scenery, costumes, lighting, and sound.
This document discusses the Instructional Learning Cycle (ILC), which is a repeatable process for planning and improving instruction. The ILC involves setting learning targets, planning instructional strategies, implementing lessons, analyzing student performance data, and making adjustments to improve effectiveness. Completing this course will make users familiar with the ILC phases and able to implement them in a collaborative team to continuously improve instruction aligned to standards and better meet student needs.
During fetal development, germ cells in the ovaries develop into oogonia which then become primary oocytes. By birth around 1 million primordial follicles exist, each containing an immature oocyte surrounded by a single layer of cells. At puberty hormone stimulation causes a few hundred follicles to mature each month, with only one oocyte being ovulated. If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum regresses and menstruation begins. The female reproductive system includes ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, and vagina which work together to allow fertilization and implantation if pregnancy occurs.
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10. Section 1
Science and the Environment
DR. MARLOWE LOUIS F. FABUNAN
Understanding Our
Environment
11. Section 1
Science and the Environment
What Is Environmental Science?
• Environmental science is the
study of the air, water, and land
surrounding an organism or a
community, which ranges from
a small area to Earth’s entire
biosphere.
• It includes the study of the
impact of humans on the
environment.
12. Section 1
Science and the Environment
What is the Goal of Environmental Science?
• A major goal of environmental science
is to understand and solve
environmental problems.
• To accomplish this goal,
environmental scientists study two
main types of interactions between
humans and their environment:
1) How our actions alter our
environment.
2) The use of natural resources like
water, coal, and oil.
13. Section 1
Science and the Environment
Many Fields of Study
• Environmental science is an interdisciplinary
science, which means that it involves many fields of
study.
• Important to the foundation of environmental
science is ecology.
• Ecology is they study of interactions of living
organisms with one another and with their
environment.
• Biology is the study of living things.
• Chemistry is the study of chemicals and their
interactions.
• Physics is the study of matter and energy.
15. Section 1
Science and the Environment
Scientists as Citizens, Citizens as Scientists
• Governments, businesses, and cities
recognize that studying our
environment is vital to maintaining a
healthy and productive society.
• Thus, environmental scientists are
often asked to share their research
with the world.
• However, the observations of
nonscientists are the first steps toward
addressing an environmental problem.
16. Section 1
Science and the Environment
Our Environment through Time
• Wherever humans have hunted, grown food, or settled,
they have changed the environment.
• For example, the environmental change that occurred on
Manhattan Island over the last 300 years was immense,
yet that period was just a “blink” in human history.
17. Section 1
Science and the Environment
First Impact: Hunter-Gatherers
• Hunter-gatherers are people who obtain
food by collecting plants and by hunting
wild animals or scavenging their
remains.
• Hunter-gatherers affect their
environment in many ways:
1) Native American tribes hunted
buffalo.
2) The tribes also set fires to burn
prairies and prevent the grow of
trees. This left the prairie as an open
grassland ideal for hunting bison.
18. Section 1
Science and the Environment
First Impact: Hunter-Gatherers
• In North America, a combination of rapid climate
changes and overhunting by hunter-gatherers may have
led to the disappearance of some large mammal
species, including:
1) giant sloths
2) giant bison
3) mastodons
4) cave bears
5) saber-toothed cats
19. Section 1
Science and the Environment
The Agricultural Revolution
• Agriculture is the raising of crops
and livestock for food or for other
products that are useful to humans.
• The practice of agriculture started in
many different parts of the world
over 10,000 years ago.
• The change had such a dramatic
impact on human societies and their
environment that it is often called
the agricultural revolution.
20. Section 1
Science and the Environment
The Agricultural Revolution
• The Agricultural Revolution allowed
human populations to grow at an
unprecedented rate.
• As populations grew, they began to
concentrate in smaller areas
placing increased pressure on the
local environments.
21. Section 1
Science and the Environment
The Agricultural Revolution
• The agricultural revolution changed the food
we eat.
• The plants we grow and eat today are
descended from wild plants.
• However, during harvest season farmers
collected seeds from plants that exhibited
the qualities they desired, such as large
kernels.
• These seeds were then planted and
harvested again. Overtime, the domesticated
plants became very different from their wild
ancestors.
22. Section 1
Science and the Environment
The Agricultural Revolution
• Many habitats were destroyed as grasslands, forests,
and wetlands were replaced with farmland.
• Replacing forest with farmland on a large scale can
cause soil loss, floods, and water shortages.
23. Section 1
Science and the Environment
The Agricultural Revolution
• The slash-and-burn technique was one of the earliest
ways that land was converted to farmland.
• Much of this converted land was poorly farmed and is no
longer fertile.
25. Section 1
Science and the Environment
The Industrial Revolution
• The Industrial Revolution involved a
shift from energy sources such as
animals and running water to fossil
fuels such as coal and oil.
• This increased use of fossil fuels
changed society and greatly increased
the efficiency of agriculture, industry,
and transportation.
• For example, motorized vehicles
allowed food to be transported cheaply
across greater distances.
26. Section 1
Science and the Environment
The Industrial Revolution
• In factories, the large-scale
production of goods became
less expensive than the local
production of handmade goods.
• On the farm, machinery reduced
the amount of land and human
labor needed to produce food.
• With fewer people producing
their own food, the populations
in urban areas steadily grew.
28. Section 1
Science and the Environment
Graphic Organizer – page 616
1. Draw a chart like the
one shown. Your
chart can have as
many columns and
rows as you want.
2. In the top row, write
the topics that you
want to compare.
3. In the left column,
write characteristics
of the topics in the
appropriate boxes.
29. Section 1
Science and the Environment
Hunter-Gatherers The Agricultural
Revolution
The Industrial
Revolution
Characteristics Get food by
collecting plants
and hunting wild
animals
Practiced growing
food, breeding, and
caring for plants
Started using
fossil fuels such
as coal and oil
(Energy Shift)
Effects on
Environment
Over-hunting
caused extinction
of some species
Habitats were
destroyed because
grasslands, forests,
and wetlands were
replaced with
farmland.
Introduced
artificial
substances into
the environment
that cannot be
recycled like
plastic.
30. Section 1
Science and the Environment
DAY 2
Chapter 1: Science and the Environment
Section 1: Understanding Our Environment
31. Section 1
Science and the Environment
Our Environment Through Time Continued:
Improving the Quality of Life
• The Industrial Revolution
introduced many positive
changes such as the light bulb.
• Agricultural productivity
increased, and sanitation,
nutrition, and medical care
vastly improved.
32. Section 1
Science and the Environment
Improving the Quality of Life
• However, the Industrial Revolution
also introduced many new
environmental problems such as
pollution and habitat loss.
• In the 1900s, modern societies
began to use artificial substances in
place of raw animals and plant
products.
• As a result, we know have materials
such as plastics, artificial pesticides,
and fertilizers.
33. Section 1
Science and the Environment
Improving the Quality of Life
• Many of these products make life
easier, but we are now beginning
to understand some of the
environmental problems they
present.
• In fact, much of environmental
science is concerned with the
problems associated with the
Industrial Revolution.
34. Section 1
Science and the Environment
Spaceship Earth
• Earth can be compared to a
spaceship traveling through
space as it cannot dispose of
its waste or take on new
supplies.
• Earth is essentially a closed
system.
• This means that the only thing
that enters the Earth’s
atmosphere in large amounts
is energy from the sun, and
the only thing that leaves in
large amounts is heat.
35. Section 1
Science and the Environment
Spaceship Earth
• This type of closed system has
some potential problems.
• Some resources are limited and
as the population grows, the
resources will be used more
rapidly.
• There is also the possibility that
we will produce wastes more
quickly than we can dispose of
them.
36. Section 1
Science and the Environment
Spaceship Earth
• Environmental problems can occur on
different scales: local, regional, or
global.
• A local example would be your
community discussing where to
build a new landfill.
• A regional example would be a
polluted river 1000 miles away
affecting the region’s water.
• A global example would be the
depletion of the ozone layer.
37. Section 1
Science and the Environment
Population Growth
• The Industrial Revolution, modern medicine, and
sanitation all allowed the human population to grow
faster than it ever had before.
38. Section 1
Science and the Environment
Population Growth
• In the past 50 years, nations have
used vast amounts of resources
to meet the worlds need for food.
• Producing enough food for large
populations has environmental
consequences such as habitat
destruction and pesticide
pollution.
39. Section 1
Science and the Environment
Population Growth
• Most scientists think that the human
population will almost double in the
21st century before it begins to
stabilize.
• Because of these predictions, we can
expect the pressure on the
environment will continue to increase,
and the human population and its
need for food and resources grow.
40. Section 1
Science and the Environment
What are our Main Environmental Problems?
• Environmental problems can generally be grouped into
three categories:
1) Resource Depletion
2) Pollution
3) Loss of Biodiversity
41. Section 1
Science and the Environment
Resource Depletion
• Natural resources are any
natural materials that are used
by humans, such as, water,
petroleum, minerals, forests,
and animals.
• Natural resources are
classified as either a
renewable resources or a
nonrenewable resource.
42. Section 1
Science and the Environment
Resource Depletion
• Renewable resources can
be replaced relatively
quickly by natural process.
• Nonrenewable resources
form at a much slower rate
than they are consumed.
43. Section 1
Science and the Environment
Resource Depletion
• Resources are said to be
depleted when a large fraction of
the resource has been used up.
• Once the supply of a
nonrenewable resource has been
used up, it may take millions of
years to replenish it.
• Renewable resources, such as
trees, may also be depleted
causing deforestation in some
areas.
44. Section 1
Science and the Environment
Pollution
• Pollution is an undesirable
change in the natural
environment that is caused by
the introduction of substances
that are harmful to living
organisms or by excessive
wastes, heat, noise, or
radiation
• Much of the pollution that
troubles us today is produced
by human activities and the
accumulation of wastes.
45. Section 1
Science and the Environment
Pollution
• There are two main types of
pollutants:
• Biodegradable pollutants,
which can be broken down by
natural processes and include
materials such as newspaper.
• Nondegradable pollutants,
which cannot be broken down
by natural processes and
include materials such as
mercury.
46. Section 1
Science and the Environment
Pollution
• Degradable pollutants are a
problem only when they
accumulate faster than they can be
broken down.
• However, because nondegradable
pollutants do not break down
easily, they can build up to
dangerous levels in the
environment.
47. Section 1
Science and the Environment
Loss of Biodiversity
• Biodiversity is the variety of
organisms in a given area, the
genetic variation within a population,
the variety of species in a
community, or the variety of
communities in an ecosystem.
• The organisms that share the world
with us can be considered natural
resources.
• We depend on them for food, the
oxygen we breathe, and for many
other things.
48. Section 1
Science and the Environment
Loss of Biodiversity
• Yet, only a fraction of all the species that once roamed
the Earth are alive today and many are extinct.
• Scientists think that if the current extinction rates
continue, it may cause problems for the human
population.
• Many people also argue that all species have potential
economic, scientific, aesthetics, and recreational value,
so it is important to preserve them.