Topics: Hydrostatic Forces on Surface Submerged in Liquid a). Vertical Plane Surface b). Horizontal Plane Surface c). Inclined Plane Surface

1. HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE
(FLUID MECHANICS)
UNIT – I
Dr. Rambabu Palaka, ProfessorJuly-2020

2. Hydrostatic Pressure

3. Syllabus
Unit 1: Fluid Statics
CO1: Calculate Pressure and Hydrostatic forces on different plane surfaces
Unit 2: Fluid Kinematics
CO2: Solve the fluid flow problems using Continuity equation.
Unit 3: Fluid Dynamics
CO3: Calculate the discharges through the Venturi meter, Orifice meter and Pitot tube using Bernoulli’s
equation
Unit 4: Flow through Pipes
CO4: Calculate major and minor losses in closed conduits for different connection pattens.
Unit 5: Dimensional Analysis and Hydraulic Similitude
CO5: Apply the concept of Dimensional Analysis for solving the fluid flow problems and Model Analysis.
Unit 6: Boundary Layer Theory

4. Unit 1: Fluid Statics
1. Introduction (1 Period)
a) Fluid Statics
b) Fluid Kinematics
c) Fluid Dynamics
d) Application of Fluid Mechanics in Civil Engineering
2. Properties of Fluids (3 Periods)
a) Density
b) Specific Weight
c) Specific Volume
d) Specific Gravity
e) Kinematic and Dynamic Viscosity
f) Surface Tension
g) Capillarity

5. Learning Objectives
3. Introduction Fluid Statics (2 Periods)
a). Fluid Pressure
b). Pascal’s Law
c). Hydrostatics Law
c). Pressure variation in a Fluid at Rest
4. Measurement of Pressure (2 Periods)
a). Manometers
b). Mechanical Gauges
5. Hydrostatic Forces on Surface Submerged in Liquid (2 Periods)
a). Vertical Plane Surface
b). Horizontal Plane Surface
c). Inclined Plane Surface

6. Hydrostatic Forces on Surface Submerged in Liquid
A plate exposed to a liquid, such as a gate valve in a dam, the wall of a liquid
storage tank, is subjected to fluid pressure distributed over its surface.
Hydrostatic forces form a system of parallel forces. We need to determine the
magnitude of the force; and its point of application (Centre of Pressure).
The submerged surfaces may be
1. Vertical Plane Surface
2. Horizontal Plane Surface
3. Inclined Plane Surface, and
4. Curved Plane Surface

8. Pressure = Force/Area
 Force = Pressure x Area
Where, Pressure, p = gh
Pressure at Base = gh, Pressure at top
= 0
Average Pressure = ½ (gh+0) = gh/2
Area = Unit length x height = 1 x h = h
Hydrostatic Force, F = (gh/2)(h) = ½
Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Plane Surface
Horizontal
Plane
Vertical
Plane
F
h/3

10. Vertical Plane Surface Submerged in Liquid

30. Weight = mg = (V) g
Density =
Mass/Volume
Mass = Density x
Volume

32. Weight = mg = (V) g
Density =
Mass/Volume
Mass = Density x
Volume

33. Reference
Chapter 1-3
(Page 1- 129)
A Textbook of
Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines
Dr. R. K. Bansal
Laxmi Publications