Florence Nightingale was born in 1820 in Italy and called by God to serve as a nurse in 1837. She studied nursing in Germany and Paris and went on to serve as a nurse in the Crimean War, where she drastically reduced the death rate through hygiene reforms. Nightingale went on to establish professional nursing standards and founded the first nursing school. She was also a pioneer in statistical analysis and is credited with developing pie charts and other data visualization techniques to advocate for improved healthcare.