Florence Nightingale developed her environmental theory of nursing based on her experiences as a nurse during the Crimean War. Some key points of her theory are: 1. She believed the environment was a major influence on health and identified five key factors - fresh air, pure water, effective drainage, cleanliness, and light. 2. As the founder of modern nursing, she felt the nurse's role was to optimize a patient's environment to promote healing. 3. Nightingale's theory focused on caring for the patient and altering their environment, rather than individual nursing processes or the nurse-patient relationship.

2. Environmental
theory

4. content
BACKGROUND OF THE THEORIST
THEORITICAL SOURCES FOR THEORY DEVELOPMENT
USE OF EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE
MAJOR ASSUMPTIONS
THEORETICL ASSERTIONS
ACCEPTANCE BY THE NURSING COMMUNITY
CRITIQUE
APPLICATION
JOURNAL
CONCULUSION
REFERENCE
INDEX

5. BACKGROUND OF
THE THEORIST

6. •Florence nightingale, the founder of modern nursing.
•She was born in florence , italy.
•She is a linguist and educated in science,
mathematics, literature and arts.
•In 1837 at the age of 17 she confined in her dairy,
“GOD SPOKE TO ME AND CALLED TO SERVICE”
•The first nurse educator and first nurse statistician

7. •July 6, 1851
Entered in the nursing school of
ptr.Theodor Fleidner Kaiserwerth,
Germany, as the 134th
nursing student and
graduated after 3 months.
• Returned to the service of her family. It was
another 2 years after she was allowed to
practice nursing in1853.
• She became the superintendent of the
hospital for invalid gentlewomen in London.

8. • During the Crimean war, Nightingale
received a request from Sidney
Herbett to travel to Scutari, Turkey,
with a group of nurses to care for
wounded British soldiers
•She arrived there in November of
1854, accompanied by 34 newly
recruited nurses

9. •She was called “THE LADY OF
THE LAMP”.
•She become a heroine in great
britain of her role in the crimean
war.
•She reduced the mortality rate of
the wounded soldiers from 42.7%
to 2.2% because of her intervention
in the environment.

10. •She was awarded funds in recognition of this work, which
she used to establish schools for nursing training at St.
Thomas’ Hospital and King’s college Hospital in London
•Nightingale devoted her energies not only to the
development of nursing as a vocation (profession), but even
more to local, national, and international societal issues, in a
attempt to improve the living environment of the poor and to
create social change.
• Hospital Administration of the British Army Founded Cheifly
on the Experience of the Late War ( Nightingale, 1858a),
Notes on Hospitals (Nightingale, 1858b), and Report on
Measures Adopted for Sanitary Improvements in India from
June 1869 to June 1870

11. •. She was able to work into her 80s until
she lost her vision
•she died in her sleep on August 13,
1910, at age 90.

12. THEORETI CAL SOURCES FOR THEORY
DEVELOPMENT
Many factors influenced the development of
Nightingale’s philosophy of nursing. Her
Personal, societal, and professional values
and concerns all were integral to the
development of her beliefs. She combined her
individual resources with societal and
professional resources available to her to
produce change.

13. USE OF EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE
Nightingale’s reports describing health and
sanitary conditions in the Crimea and in England
identify her as an outstanding scientist and
empirical researcher. Her expertise as a
statistician is evident in the reports that she
generated throughout her life-time on the varied
subjects of healthcare, nursing, and social
reform.

15. 1 2 3 4
HEALTH
NURSING PERSON
ENVIROMENT
MAJOR ASSUMPTIONS

17. 5 Essential Components of
A Healthy Environment:
. pure air
. pure water
. efficient drainage
. cleanliness
. light

18. 1. Pure fresh air - "to keep the air he
breathes as pure as the external air
without chilling him.“
2. Pure water - "well water of a very
impure kind is used for domestic
purposes. And when epidemic
disease shows itself, persons using
such water are almost sure to suffer.“
3. Effective drainage - "all the while the
sewer maybe nothing but a laboratory
from which epidemic disease and ill
health is being installed into the
house."

19. 4 Cleanliness - "the greater part of
nursing consists in preserving
cleanliness.“
5. Light (especially direct sunlight) -
"the usefulness of light in treating
disease is very important.“
Any deficiency in one or more of
these factors could lead to impaired
functioning of life processes or
diminished health status.

20. THEORTICAL ASSERTIONS
 Nightingale believed that
disease was a reparative
process; disease was nature’s
effort to remedy a process of
decay, or it was a reaction
against the conditions in which a
person was placed
. Nightingale did not provide a
definition of nature
 Nightingale was totally
committed to nursing education

21. Although Nightingale has been
maligned or ridiculed often for
not embracing the germ theory
 Nightingale did not explicitly
discuss the caring behaviours of
nurses
 Nightingale believed that
nurses should be moral agents

22. ACCETANCE BY THE NURSING COMMUNITY
LOGO
•EDUCATION•PRACTICE
•FURTHER
DEVELOPMENT
•RESEARCH
1 2
3 4

23. CRITIQUE

24. 1
2
3
SIMPLICITY
•Environment to
patient
•Nurse to patient
•Nurse to environment

25. LOGO
Generality
Empirical precision
Derivable consequences

26. •Nightingale theory & intentional comfort touch
in management of tinea pedis in vulnerable
populations
•Incorporating Nightingale theory nursing into
teaching a group of pre-adolescent children
about negative peer pressure
Applicatons :-

27. JOURNAL
ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE HEALTH
CARE AGENCIES: NURSING RESPOSIBILITY,
NIGHTINGALE’S LEGACY.

28. Florence Nightingale and subsequent nurse scholars have
written about the impact of the environment on human health.
Nightingale described, and staked out, the nurse’s role in
optimizing environments for healing. Since Nightingale’s time
numerous scholars have documented that environmental
conditions play a major role in the health of individuals &
populations. As nurse become more informed about the
environment as a determinant of human health. They will be
able to advocate more effectively for environmental conditions
that promote health. This article provides both the theoritical
and practical perspective to integrate environmental concerns
into nursing practice. It recommends specific actions nurses can
undertake to improve the environment within the health care
setting. In particular the article provide a historical review of an
environmental focus in nursing, discusses way to manage both
upstream waste and downstream waste (solid, biohazard, and
hazardous chemical wastes)so as to decrease environmental
pollution and recomment specific nursing action to promote a
healthy environment within health care agencies.

29. CONCLUSION :-
The Environmental Theory of
Nursing is a patient-care theory.
It focuses in the alteration of
the patient’s environment in
order to affect change in his or
her health. Caring for the
patient is of more importance
rather than the nursing process,
the relationship between patient
and nurse, or the individual
nurse.

30. REFERENCE
•Alligood R.M., Tomey M.A., Nursing theorists and their work 7th
ed.
Mosby Elesevier 2010. USA. P.No:71-84.
•Paker E.Marilyn. Nursing theories and nursing practice 1st
ed. Jaypee
2007 India. P.No:52-53.
• Alligood R.M. Nursing theory utilization and application 4th
ed. Mosby
Elesevier 2010. USA. P.No:97-108.
•Afaf Ibrahim MELEIS theoretical nursing 5th
ed. Lippincott Williams &
Wilkins China. 2012 p.No:104-106.
•Anne M. Barker advanced practice nursing essential knowledge for the
practice USA. 2009 p.No:9-10.

31. WEB REFERENCE:
•currentnursing.com/nursing theory/Florence Nightingale theory.htm
•www.slideshare.net/.../01-florence-nightingales-environment-theory
JOURNAL REFERENCE:
Shaner M. H., Jas v. “Environmentally safe health care agencies :
nursing responsibility , Nightingale’s legacy ” OJIN May 31, 2007, Vol:
12 P.No:2-4.

32. ThankYou