flood plain wetlands fisheries of the India

1. FLOOD PLAIN WET
LAND FISHERIES
B. Bhaskar, & B. Shiva Naik
Field officer& Assistant professor(CTF)
Fisheries Department of Telangana
& College of Fisheries Science, Pebbair, Telangana

2. Wetland
• Definition as per Ramsar Convention 1971.
• “Wetlands are areas of marsh, fen, peat land
or water, whether natural or artificial,
permanent or temporary, with water that is
static or flowing, fresh, brackish or salt,
including areas of marine water, the depth of
which at low tide does not exceed six meters.”

3. Flood plain wet lands
• Represent the wetlands situated along the
floodplains of rivers, mostly lentic in nature
and excludes the lotic component of the river
such as the main river channel.
• These freshwater bodies are associated with
Ganga-Brahmaputra and Barak basins, which
covers one-third of the total geographic area
of the country.

4. Flood plain wet lands
Origin: Oxbow lakes
• Meandering characteristics
• Shifting nature of rivers
• High sediment load
• Tectonic effect

5. Distribution of floodplain wetlands
State Local Name Area in Hactare
UP Tal, Jheel 1,52,000
Bihar Maun, chaur,Dhar 40,000
WB Beel, Baor, Charha 42,500
AP Beel 2500
Assam Beel 92,000
Manipur Pat 16500
Meghalaya Beel 213
Tripura Beel 500
Total 3,54,213

6. Classification of Floodplain wetlands
• Ox-bow lakes (Bihar, UP, WB, Assam)
• Tectonic lakes (North WB, East UP, Parts of
Bihar)
• Water logged areas ( Chaurs in Bihar)
• River pool ecosystem
• Swamps (Daldal)
• Marshes.

7. Functions or Importance
• Recycling of nutrients, human waste,
watershed protection, reducing flood height,
reducing runoff, Providing habitat for plant
and animal species, provide food and
nutritional security to humans, nursery
ground for fishes, local climate control,
aesthetic value.

8. Types of flood plains & Major
fisheries& Gears for harvesting
• Closed type flood plain wetland
• Opentype flood plain wetland
• Family present : Clupeidae, Notopteridae,
Cyprinidae, Bagridae, Siluridae,
Schilbeidae,Heteropneustidae, belonidae,
Nandidae, Channidae etc.
• Gears: Gillnets, castnets, liftnets, traps.

9. Physico-chemical feature of soil & water
• Flood plains wet lands of Ganga alkaline with pH
6.8 to 9.7
• Wetlands of B’putra Acidic to alkaline pH 6.2 to
7.7.
• Low DO
• High COD
• Bottom soil rich with organic matter and
nutrients.
• Highly polluted with pesticides and heavy metals.

10. Flora & fauna
• Macrophytes: covers 15 to 90 % of water surface.
• WB – 1.4 to 35 kg/sq. meter.
• Bihar – 4 to 25 kg/sq. meter.
• Insects, molluscs and annelids formed bulk of the
fauna associated with weeds. (53 to 2832 no./sq.
meter)
• Phyton biomass 396 to 14987 unit/liter (WB)
• Zooplankton 104 to 2317 units/liter.
• Benthos: 220 to 5414 nos/ sq. meter with dominant
being molluscs (96%)

11. Fish diversity
• Major carp, minor carp, catfishes, snakeheads,
featherback, herring, loaches, perches,
needlefish, mud eel, pufferfish etc.
• Fish yield 36 to 1100 kg/ha/year
• Gears : Castnets, gillnets, scoop nets,
longlines, dipnets, pole & line etc.

12. Management
• Control pollution
• Cage & penculture
• Source of ornamental fish
• Check unauthorized introduction of exotics
• Participatory R&D prog.

13. Success stories of NFDB Schemes

14. Success stories of NFDB Schemes

15. •Nice attention,
Thanks for all of your
time

16. బి భాస్కర్, MFSc,
యువ శాస్్రవేత్్,
ఫిషరీస్ ఫీల్డ్ ఆఫీస్ర్, మహాబూబాబాద్, తెలంగాణ.
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