1.Chromosome engineering
Chromosome sex manipulation techniques to induce polyploidy (triploidy and tetraploidy) and uniparental chromosome inheritance (gynogenesis and androgenesis) have been applied extensively in cultured fish species
Androgenesis
Androgenesis is the process by which a progeny is produced by the male parent with no genetic contribution from female. Induction of androgenesis can produce all male population in fish which would have commercial application in aquaculture.
Gynogenesis
Gynogenesis is a form of all-female inheritance. In fish species, ultraviolet (UV) irradiation has been used to inactivate the sperms, and such UV-inactivated sperms are used to trigger gynogenetic development without contributing the paternal genome to the progeny
Sex control:Sex control is providing to be of incraesing use in the optimization of culture systems because in most species either males, female or steriles perfrom better in culture or are more desirable in the marketplace.
Development of alternative protein source:The use of fishmeal for aquaculture purposes, is not environmentally friendly because it contains a high level of phosphorous (Edun & Uka, 2011). Due to this reason, Nutritional Biotechnology are using to produce alternative plant base protein source (Adelizi, 1998). But plant-based protein contains anti- nutritional compound so this technique needs to treat those anti – nutritional factors during the processing of these plant proteins. Phytase is one example, an enzyme that breaks down the indigestible phytic acid (phytase) in cereals and oilseeds and release digestible phosphorous. which can make the best use of the phosphorous available in a plant-protein based feed Examples, processed soybean meal is a key ingredient in catfish diet .
Gene Banking: Aquaculture in many countries depends on the adequate supply of quality seeds. However, problems in many hatcheries have reported stock deterioration due to poor brood stock management, inbreeding depression, genetic drift, lack of effective population size, introgressive hybridization, unconscious selection
1.Chromosome engineering
Chromosome sex manipulation techniques to induce polyploidy (triploidy and tetraploidy) and uniparental chromosome inheritance (gynogenesis and androgenesis) have been applied extensively in cultured fish species
Androgenesis
Androgenesis is the process by which a progeny is produced by the male parent with no genetic contribution from female. Induction of androgenesis can produce all male population in fish which would have commercial application in aquaculture.
Gynogenesis
Gynogenesis is a form of all-female inheritance. In fish species, ultraviolet (UV) irradiation has been used to inactivate the sperms, and such UV-inactivated sperms are used to trigger gynogenetic development without contributing the paternal genome to the progeny
Sex control:Sex control is providing to be of incraesing use in the optimization of culture systems because in most species either males, female or steriles perfrom better in culture or are more desirable in the marketplace.
Development of alternative protein source:The use of fishmeal for aquaculture purposes, is not environmentally friendly because it contains a high level of phosphorous (Edun & Uka, 2011). Due to this reason, Nutritional Biotechnology are using to produce alternative plant base protein source (Adelizi, 1998). But plant-based protein contains anti- nutritional compound so this technique needs to treat those anti – nutritional factors during the processing of these plant proteins. Phytase is one example, an enzyme that breaks down the indigestible phytic acid (phytase) in cereals and oilseeds and release digestible phosphorous. which can make the best use of the phosphorous available in a plant-protein based feed Examples, processed soybean meal is a key ingredient in catfish diet .
Gene Banking: Aquaculture in many countries depends on the adequate supply of quality seeds. However, problems in many hatcheries have reported stock deterioration due to poor brood stock management, inbreeding depression, genetic drift, lack of effective population size, introgressive hybridization, unconscious selection
The cold water fisheries deal with fisheries activity in water where temperature of water ranges from 5 to 25 degrees centigrade. The water temperature under cold water fisheries should not be more than 25°C even in summer. Such conditions in India occur in Himalayan and peninsular regions.
9 Finest Coldwater Aquarium Fish
Orangethroat Darter.
Three-Spined Stickleback.
Orange-Spotted Sunfish.
Diamond Sturgeon.
Siberian Sturgeon.
Sterlet.
Fathead Minnow.
Southern redbelly dace.
Tench.
Rosy Barb. Hailing from Afghanistan and Bangladesh, this little fish is tolerant of temperatures in …
Gold Barb. The gold bard, or Chinese barb, is an extremely popular cold-water fish. Any aquarium …
Two Spot Barb. This fish hails from Nepal, India, and Pakistan. The omnivorous two spot barb …
Bloodfin Tetra. Natives to Southern Brazil and Paraguay, both the standard bloodfin .
Coldwater fish in terms of the aquarium trade refers to any fish species that prefer cooler water temperatures. The optimal temperatures for these fish hover around the 68-degree mark, although each species’ temperature range may vary from the norm.
What is biodiversity?
Father of biodiversity- E.O. Wilson.
The term ‘biodiversity’’ encompasses the variety of all life forms on earth.
Define biodiversity –
‘’ Biodiversity include of the particular area may be living organisms (plant and animal) called biodiversity ’’.
• Simple words in can be defined as the biodiversity .
“Variety, variability b/w genes, spp. and ecosystem”.
Define fish diversity –
“Fish Species diversity is defined as the number of species and abundance of each species that live in a particular location”.
The number of species that live in a particular location is called species richness.
India is one of the 17 mega biodiversity countries having four biodiversity hotspots namely the Western Ghats, eastern Himalayas, Indo-Burma and Sundaland that are included amongst the top ten most important hotspots in the world.
It also has rich freshwater(rivers, irrigationcanals,tanks, lakes,reservoirs) fish diversity.
Which living organisms–
All living organism in world 7.4 billion.
Fish Biodiversity in world-
World harbour total of 33059 spp. 4258 genera, 482 families about 58 % Marine water, 41% Fresh water and 1% migrants.
2-Fisheries resource of India –
India blessed with huge aquatic resources with 29,000 km of rivers, 0.3 million ha of estuaries, 0.9 million ha of back waters and lagoons, 3.15 million ha of reservoirs, 0.2 million ha of floodplain wetlands, 0.72 million ha of upland lakes and 2.02 million km sq area of Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) surrounding the seas,8129 km of coast line, which includes those of Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep Islands.
The seas surrounding the country, 14 major rivers, 44 medium rivers and innumerable small rivers and other inland water bodies provide one of the richest faunastic resources of the world.
1. Introduction
2.Principal Game fishes
(a)Fresh water game fishes
(b) Estuarine and sea game fishes
3.Sport Fishing and Tourism
*Mahseer (Barbus Tor) fishing
*Trout fishing
*Sea fishing
THANK YOU!!
This slide is about a pearl spot fish which includes about its habit, habitat ,morphology, food and feeding, breeding behaviour, hatching, larval rearing, embryonic development, nutritive values, farming practices, seed production and pond preparation...
The cold water fisheries deal with fisheries activity in water where temperature of water ranges from 5 to 25 degrees centigrade. The water temperature under cold water fisheries should not be more than 25°C even in summer. Such conditions in India occur in Himalayan and peninsular regions.
9 Finest Coldwater Aquarium Fish
Orangethroat Darter.
Three-Spined Stickleback.
Orange-Spotted Sunfish.
Diamond Sturgeon.
Siberian Sturgeon.
Sterlet.
Fathead Minnow.
Southern redbelly dace.
Tench.
Rosy Barb. Hailing from Afghanistan and Bangladesh, this little fish is tolerant of temperatures in …
Gold Barb. The gold bard, or Chinese barb, is an extremely popular cold-water fish. Any aquarium …
Two Spot Barb. This fish hails from Nepal, India, and Pakistan. The omnivorous two spot barb …
Bloodfin Tetra. Natives to Southern Brazil and Paraguay, both the standard bloodfin .
Coldwater fish in terms of the aquarium trade refers to any fish species that prefer cooler water temperatures. The optimal temperatures for these fish hover around the 68-degree mark, although each species’ temperature range may vary from the norm.
What is biodiversity?
Father of biodiversity- E.O. Wilson.
The term ‘biodiversity’’ encompasses the variety of all life forms on earth.
Define biodiversity –
‘’ Biodiversity include of the particular area may be living organisms (plant and animal) called biodiversity ’’.
• Simple words in can be defined as the biodiversity .
“Variety, variability b/w genes, spp. and ecosystem”.
Define fish diversity –
“Fish Species diversity is defined as the number of species and abundance of each species that live in a particular location”.
The number of species that live in a particular location is called species richness.
India is one of the 17 mega biodiversity countries having four biodiversity hotspots namely the Western Ghats, eastern Himalayas, Indo-Burma and Sundaland that are included amongst the top ten most important hotspots in the world.
It also has rich freshwater(rivers, irrigationcanals,tanks, lakes,reservoirs) fish diversity.
Which living organisms–
All living organism in world 7.4 billion.
Fish Biodiversity in world-
World harbour total of 33059 spp. 4258 genera, 482 families about 58 % Marine water, 41% Fresh water and 1% migrants.
2-Fisheries resource of India –
India blessed with huge aquatic resources with 29,000 km of rivers, 0.3 million ha of estuaries, 0.9 million ha of back waters and lagoons, 3.15 million ha of reservoirs, 0.2 million ha of floodplain wetlands, 0.72 million ha of upland lakes and 2.02 million km sq area of Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) surrounding the seas,8129 km of coast line, which includes those of Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep Islands.
The seas surrounding the country, 14 major rivers, 44 medium rivers and innumerable small rivers and other inland water bodies provide one of the richest faunastic resources of the world.
1. Introduction
2.Principal Game fishes
(a)Fresh water game fishes
(b) Estuarine and sea game fishes
3.Sport Fishing and Tourism
*Mahseer (Barbus Tor) fishing
*Trout fishing
*Sea fishing
THANK YOU!!
This slide is about a pearl spot fish which includes about its habit, habitat ,morphology, food and feeding, breeding behaviour, hatching, larval rearing, embryonic development, nutritive values, farming practices, seed production and pond preparation...
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
GIÁO ÁN DẠY THÊM (KẾ HOẠCH BÀI BUỔI 2) - TIẾNG ANH 8 GLOBAL SUCCESS (2 CỘT) N...
Fish of North Bengal Vol. ii (total slides 66)
1. Fish diversity
of Uttar Banga (North Bengal), India
Vol. II
Published : 23.11.2020
Dr Tusar K. Ghosal
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture
Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari-736165,
West Bengal
E mail: drtkghosal@gmail.com
19. Major rivers of North Bengal :
Teesta - 411 Km
Atrai - 390 Km
Raidak - 370 Km
Mahananda - 360 Km
Jaldhaka/ Mansai / Singhimari - 186 Km
Punarbhaba - 160 Km
Torsa - 145 Km
Gadadhar - 99 km
Kaljani - 96 Km
Karala - 55 Km
Balason - 46.4 Km
Tangon – 31 Km
Ghish - 30 Km
Relli – 25 Km
Leesh - 12 Km
Chel - 10 Km
27. Clarias batrachus is State fish of Bihar
Clarias batrachus
Walking Catfish
মাগুি
Distribution of Clarias batrachus is now restricted to Java Island of Indonesia.
The populations of ‘Magur’ occurring in India and Bangladesh belong to Clarias
magur.
Specimen : FC 067
61. Tor mosal mahanadicus (Mahanadi Mahseer) is
State fish of Orisha
Neolissochilus hexagonolepi (Chocolate Mahseer)
is State fish of Nagaland.
Tor mahanadicus is considered a sub-species of Tor
mosal i.e., Tor mosal mahanadicus
64. Specimen : FC 102
Endangered at N.B.
Barilius bendelisis
Hamilton's Barila
হ্্ানমল্টবির বৈাৈসা/জযা নহ্রালু/নতলা ানরল
65. Barilius barila
Barred baril
ব ািাবল
Three species of Barred baril (Barilius barila,
Barilus barna etc.) are recorded from North
Bengal
It was called State fish of the then
Koch Dynastry.
Specimen : FC 103
66. Narendran T.C.
of Kalicut University, Kerala
Viraktamath, C. A.
of U.A.S. bangalore
Ramamurthy V.V.
of I.A.R.I, New Delhi
Vasuki Belavadi
of U.A.S. bangalore
Dedicated to my respected world famous
Indian Insect Taxonomists
.