This document discusses the basics of concrete, including its ingredients like cement and aggregates. It describes different grades of concrete according to IS 456-2000 standards and various physical tests conducted on concrete, such as slump tests, compressive strength tests, water permeability tests, rapid chloride ion penetration tests, water absorption tests, and initial surface absorption tests. These tests are done to evaluate the workability and durability of concrete. The document also explains methods of mixing, placing, and curing concrete on construction sites.