The presentation introduces the group's network and firewall architecture, including a public DMZ, private DMZ, and internal network. It discusses packet filtering and configuring iptables rules to allow certain traffic to the public DMZ servers while blocking other traffic. It also covers tweaks to prevent common attacks like IP spoofing, IP smurfing, SYN flooding and ping flooding through techniques like disabling IP spoofing and source routing, enabling SYN cookies, and rate limiting ICMP echo requests.

1. Term Project Presentation by :
Hitesh
Arjun
Kingsley
Tareq
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2. In our presentation we will introduce :
Our network and firewall architecture.
Then we will go over the public DMZ and the first packet
filter .
3. Last but not least we will give a brief explanations of our
private DMZ .
4. Finally we will introduce our internal network with the
possible attacks and the rules we will use in our packet
filter`s iptables to harden our network and system
against these attacks .
1.
2.
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3. Network Diagram
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4. What Is packet filter?
Packet filtering is a network security mechanism that works by
controlling what data can flow to and from a network.
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5. Advantages of using Packet Filter
Easy to install Packet filters make use of current network
routers. Therefore implementing a packet filter security
system is typically less complicated than other network
security solutions.
Supports High Speed With simple network configurations,
packet filters can be fast. Since there is a direct connection
between internal users and external hosts, data can be
transmitted at high speeds.
Makes Security Transparent to End-Users Because packet
filters work at the level of the network router, filtering is
transparent to the end-user. That makes using client
applications much easie
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6. Public DMZ
Server
HTTP
DNS
SMTP/Relay
Port
80
53
25
Ip address
192.168.10.2
192.168.10.3
192.168.10.4
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7. Private DMZ
Proxy server is a server which services the request of its
clients by forwarding requests to other servers. A client
connects to the proxy server requesting service such as
file, connection, web page from different servers.
Transparent proxy is a proxy that does not modify the
request or respond beyond what is required for proxy
authentication and identification.
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8. Packet Filter 1
In our topology no direct traffic is allowed
from global internet to the internal network:
 ##Traffic from the internet to the public DMZ ##
 $iptables -A UNTRUSTED_NET -o $public_dmz -d $public_dmz_http_ipaddr -p
 tcp --destination-port 80 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT
 $iptables -A UNTRUSTED_NET -o $public_dmz -d $public_dmz_dns_ipaddr -p
 udp --destination-port 53 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT
 $iptables -A UNTRUSTED_NET -o $public_dmz -d $public_dmz_smtp_ipaddr -p
 tcp --destination-port 25 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT
 Traffic is go through global internet through public DMZ and internal network
to private DMZ.
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9. Packet Filter 1
Traffic is go through global internet through
public DMZ and internal network to private
DMZ:
####### Traffic from the internet to the private DMZ
$iptables -A UNTRUSTED_NET -o $private_dmz_pf1 -d
$private_dmz_nwaddr
 -j DROP
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10. Tweaks we will use to prevent
possible attacks :
Disabling IP Spoofing attacks:
IP spoofing is one of the most common forms of on-line
camouflage. In IP spoofing, an attacker gains
unauthorized access to a computer or a network by
making it appear that a malicious message has come
from a trusted machine by “spoofing” the IP address of
that machine.
echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/rp_filter
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11. Tweaks we will use to prevent
possible attacks :
Disabling IP Smurfing attacks:
IP Smurfing is a form of network "attack" that can result in
such a large traffic load on your wide-area Internet connection
that you may be denied service across this link. This form of
attack is also called a Denial of Service attack (DoS Attack),
This can be limited by setting timeouts.
echo 1 >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts
echo 1800 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_keepalive_time
echo 30 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_fin_timeout
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12. Tweaks we will use to prevent
possible attacks :
Block Source Routing:
Source routing allows the sender of the packet to specify
the route that a packet must take in traveling to the
destination.
So Its better to block source routing from the Gateway
itself to prevent discovering the IP addresses of routers
within our network.
echo 0 >
/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/accept_source_route
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13. Tweaks we will use to prevent
possible attacks :
Disable all redirection requests in Gateway machine:
echo 0 >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/accept_redirects
The below command enables bad error message
protection
echo 1 >
/proc/sys/net/ipv4/icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses
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14. Tweaks we will use to prevent
possible attacks :
 Basic Rules of a typical Firewall:
 Kill INVALID packets with illegal combination flags.
 $IPTABLES -A INPUT -m state --state INVALID -j DROP $IPTABLES -A FORWARD -m state --state
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INVALID -j DROP
No restrictions to connections from localhost
$IPTABLES -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
Reject connections from Outside world to Internal loop back device.
$IPTABLES -A INPUT -d 127.0.0.0/8 -j REJECT
No restrictions for traffic generating from legit internal addresses
$IPTABLES -A INPUT -i $INTERNALIF -s $INTERNALNET -j ACCEPT
Incase we have to use IPv6 addresses in your environment uncomment the below line:
#$IPTABLES -A INPUT -p ipv6 -j ACCEPT
Kill all packets from Outside world claiming to be packets generated from Internal network.
$IPTABLES -A INPUT -i $EXTERNALIF -s $INTERNALNET -j REJECT
Block ICMP requests.
$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -o $INTERNALIF -j REJECT
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15. Tweaks we will use to prevent
possible attacks :
Trying to prevent SYN flood attacks:
 A SYN flood is a form of denial-of-service attack in which an attacker sends
a succession of SYN requests to a target's system.
 One of most important steps is to enable the operating system's built-in
protection mechanisms like SYN cookies. In Linux, we can set the SYN
Cookies in the following manner.
 echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_syncookies
 Disable all redirection requests in Gateway machine:
 echo 0 >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/accept_redirects
 The below command enables bad error message protection
 echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses
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16. Tweaks we will use to prevent
possible attacks :
Prevent Ping flood attacks:
$IPTABLES -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -m
limit --limit 1/s -j ACCEPT $IPTABLES -A INPUT -p icmp
--icmp-type echo-request -j DROP
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