Energy saving tip No 14 (Remove Soot deposits)Magdy Aly
Tip summary
Remove soot deposits when flue gas temperature rises 40°C above the normal. A coating of 3mm thick soot on the heat transfer surface can cause an increase in fuel consumption of as much as 2.5%.
Proposed actions
o Conduct a regular check for the fire box area as a part of the regular boiler inspection program.
o Monitor flue gas outlet temperature to record any changes with time.
o Plan for required cleaning if needed in the nearest chance.
Economics
o Low cost opportunity with a good ROI.
Savings
o Estimated energy savings range: 2.5 % of the overall Boiler energy use.
o Decrease equivalent amount of CO2 emissions accordingly to save the environment.
Conclusion
o Removing soot can save more than 2% of boiler system energy use.
o Please share this tip with others to share knowledge and increase energy efficiency awareness.
o Please contact me for any advice or support about this issue or other energy management issues.
My blog www.360proactiveengineer.com
#Energy #energyefficiency #energymanagement #steam #steamsystem #sustainable #sustainability #engineering #engineer #chemicalengineering #boiler #360practiveengineer #loadmanagement #steamboiler #sootremoval
1. The document discusses fire extinguishers, including what they are, how they work, different types, and proper usage. It defines different classes of fire and provides details on water, foam, CO2, dry powder, wet chemical, and class D extinguishers.
2. Instructions are provided on operating a fire extinguisher using the PASS method of Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep. Maintenance and testing requirements are also outlined.
3. Proper fire safety procedures include knowing evacuation routes, extinguisher locations, only fighting small contained fires if trained, and always sounding the alarm.
There are different types of fire extinguishers designed for specific fire classes. Class A extinguishers use water or water with additives to fight fires fueled by ordinary combustibles like wood. Class B extinguishers contain chemicals to smother liquid fuel fires using pressurized water, foam or dry powder. Class C extinguishers are for electrical fires and use non-conductive agents like carbon dioxide or dry chemicals. Additional classes include Class D for combustible metal fires and Class K for cooking grease blazes. Each type works through mechanisms like cooling, oxygen removal or chemical suppression of the fire's chemical reaction.
This document discusses different types of fire extinguishers and their uses. It explains that there are four elements required for fire - oxygen, heat, fuel and a chemical reaction. It describes various fire extinguishers like water, foam, dry powder, and carbon dioxide, indicating what types of fires each can be used on. The document also discusses fire control methods, fire protection methods, and common fire control equipment like fire extinguishers, hydrants, smoke/heat detectors, fire alarms, sprinklers and blankets.
This document discusses water uses for fire protection and HVAC systems. It describes how water is effective for extinguishing fires due to its heat transfer properties. It also outlines various fire classifications and detection methods like smoke detectors, heat detectors, and flame detectors. The document discusses sprinkler systems, standpipes, and other fire suppression methods. It notes water is also well-suited for HVAC systems due to its stability, low cost, and ability to transfer heat and cool buildings effectively. Water quality is important to prevent damage to pipes and reduce microorganism growth.
Fire extinguishers come in different types to fight different fire classes. They have several key parts and require proper maintenance. There are three main steps to using a fire extinguisher: pull the pin, aim at the base of the fire, and squeeze the lever while sweeping from side to side. Fire extinguishers must be checked regularly and undergo more extensive servicing every 5-10 years depending on the type to ensure they are always functioning properly in emergency situations.
This document provides training on portable fire extinguishers. It discusses emergency procedures, environmental concerns like exit locations, and then covers the topics that will be learned in the training, including what fire is, classifications of fire, fire causes, prevention, extinguisher types, how to use one, and making good decisions around fire safety. It details the PASS method for using an extinguisher and emphasizes that trainees are not expected to fight fires but should instead call emergency services and not take unnecessary risks.
Energy saving tip No 14 (Remove Soot deposits)Magdy Aly
Tip summary
Remove soot deposits when flue gas temperature rises 40°C above the normal. A coating of 3mm thick soot on the heat transfer surface can cause an increase in fuel consumption of as much as 2.5%.
Proposed actions
o Conduct a regular check for the fire box area as a part of the regular boiler inspection program.
o Monitor flue gas outlet temperature to record any changes with time.
o Plan for required cleaning if needed in the nearest chance.
Economics
o Low cost opportunity with a good ROI.
Savings
o Estimated energy savings range: 2.5 % of the overall Boiler energy use.
o Decrease equivalent amount of CO2 emissions accordingly to save the environment.
Conclusion
o Removing soot can save more than 2% of boiler system energy use.
o Please share this tip with others to share knowledge and increase energy efficiency awareness.
o Please contact me for any advice or support about this issue or other energy management issues.
My blog www.360proactiveengineer.com
#Energy #energyefficiency #energymanagement #steam #steamsystem #sustainable #sustainability #engineering #engineer #chemicalengineering #boiler #360practiveengineer #loadmanagement #steamboiler #sootremoval
1. The document discusses fire extinguishers, including what they are, how they work, different types, and proper usage. It defines different classes of fire and provides details on water, foam, CO2, dry powder, wet chemical, and class D extinguishers.
2. Instructions are provided on operating a fire extinguisher using the PASS method of Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep. Maintenance and testing requirements are also outlined.
3. Proper fire safety procedures include knowing evacuation routes, extinguisher locations, only fighting small contained fires if trained, and always sounding the alarm.
There are different types of fire extinguishers designed for specific fire classes. Class A extinguishers use water or water with additives to fight fires fueled by ordinary combustibles like wood. Class B extinguishers contain chemicals to smother liquid fuel fires using pressurized water, foam or dry powder. Class C extinguishers are for electrical fires and use non-conductive agents like carbon dioxide or dry chemicals. Additional classes include Class D for combustible metal fires and Class K for cooking grease blazes. Each type works through mechanisms like cooling, oxygen removal or chemical suppression of the fire's chemical reaction.
This document discusses different types of fire extinguishers and their uses. It explains that there are four elements required for fire - oxygen, heat, fuel and a chemical reaction. It describes various fire extinguishers like water, foam, dry powder, and carbon dioxide, indicating what types of fires each can be used on. The document also discusses fire control methods, fire protection methods, and common fire control equipment like fire extinguishers, hydrants, smoke/heat detectors, fire alarms, sprinklers and blankets.
This document discusses water uses for fire protection and HVAC systems. It describes how water is effective for extinguishing fires due to its heat transfer properties. It also outlines various fire classifications and detection methods like smoke detectors, heat detectors, and flame detectors. The document discusses sprinkler systems, standpipes, and other fire suppression methods. It notes water is also well-suited for HVAC systems due to its stability, low cost, and ability to transfer heat and cool buildings effectively. Water quality is important to prevent damage to pipes and reduce microorganism growth.
Fire extinguishers come in different types to fight different fire classes. They have several key parts and require proper maintenance. There are three main steps to using a fire extinguisher: pull the pin, aim at the base of the fire, and squeeze the lever while sweeping from side to side. Fire extinguishers must be checked regularly and undergo more extensive servicing every 5-10 years depending on the type to ensure they are always functioning properly in emergency situations.
This document provides training on portable fire extinguishers. It discusses emergency procedures, environmental concerns like exit locations, and then covers the topics that will be learned in the training, including what fire is, classifications of fire, fire causes, prevention, extinguisher types, how to use one, and making good decisions around fire safety. It details the PASS method for using an extinguisher and emphasizes that trainees are not expected to fight fires but should instead call emergency services and not take unnecessary risks.
According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, the average summer electricity bill was about $395 last year. That’s a lot of money. Here are some low-cost, no-stress, renter-friendly ways to slice your summer utility bills.
The document discusses fire safety and fire extinguishers. It explains the fire triangle and the three elements (fuel, heat, oxygen) needed for a fire. It describes the different classes of fires based on the type of fuel (A, B, C, D) and the different types of fire extinguishers suited for each class (water, foam, dry chemical, CO2). It provides instructions on how to properly use a fire extinguisher using the PASS method of pulling the pin, aiming at the base of the fire, squeezing the handle, and sweeping from side to side. Safety tips are also outlined, such as knowing what is burning before fighting the fire and having an escape route.
This document provides tips for fire safety in the kitchen. It recommends keeping appliances clean and well-maintained, never leaving the kitchen unattended while cooking, and maintaining a 3-foot clear area around the stove. Appliances with internal water leaks can also present electrical fire hazards, so the document advises watching for staining or water around appliances as an indication of leaks. It concludes by recommending having a fire extinguisher available but only using it for small contained fires, and otherwise evacuating if a fire occurs.
Swastik Synergy Engineering Private Limited manufactures and exports firefighting appliances and systems. They offer a range of fire extinguishers, fire suppression systems, valves, and testing equipment. Their team includes engineers, quality controllers, and production staff. Key products include dry powder, water, foam, clean agent and kitchen fire extinguishers as well as fire suppression systems like carbon dioxide, clean agent, hydrant, dry powder, and foam systems. They also provide related production equipment, accessories, and testing equipment.
The document provides information on fundamental fire extinguisher training and the fire triangle. It discusses the three elements needed for a fire - oxygen, heat, and fuel. It also covers fuel classifications, types of fire extinguishers including water, carbon dioxide, and dry chemical, how to use an extinguisher using the PASS method, and rules for fighting fires safely.
This document provides training on fire extinguisher safety. It discusses the different classes of fires and types of fire extinguishers, how fire extinguishers work, proper fire extinguisher placement and use. Key steps for using a fire extinguisher include pulling the pin, aiming at the base of the fire, squeezing the handle to release the extinguishing agent, and sweeping from side to side until the fire is completely out. Evacuation is recommended if the fire cannot be controlled with an extinguisher.
How to Use a Fire Extinguisher in an Emergency Situation?A
Within 20 to 30 seconds, a fire could be out of control in front of you. Fire can spread, doubling up its size in seconds and not give you much time to escape. The quick fire-filled area contains heat and thick toxic smoke. In an instantaneous situation, you have to confront a fire with the right fire extinguisher for the specific type of fire. Learn how to use fire extinguishers and identify the fire class for appropriate fire extinguishers.
Choosing the right fire extinguisher may help you to stop the fire successfully. To defend the fire, the only option you have is that fire extinguisher to restrict fire spreading. A fire extinguisher is a device used for fire safety to extinguish small fires or flame in an emergency situation. A fire extinguisher is not intended for use in a large scale fire. Normally, a fire extinguisher is a hand-held pressurised cylinder having an agent such as nitrogen.
This document provides an introduction to fire extinguishers for Fairfax County employees. It outlines OSHA regulations requiring training on portable fire extinguisher use. The objectives are to identify the three common fire classes, select the proper extinguisher, evaluate fire safety, and apply the PASS method. It describes different extinguisher types (water, dry chemical, CO2), their features, how they work, and limitations. Guidelines are given for using an extinguisher, including only fighting small, contained fires after evacuation and calling 911. The PASS method of Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep is explained. Sources for more information are also listed.
The document provides an overview of fire safety training at the University of Northern Iowa. It discusses the importance of fire extinguishers and knowing how to properly use them. The PASS technique of Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep is explained as the correct method for applying an extinguisher. Different types of fires and appropriate extinguishers are identified. Evacuation procedures and resources for more information are also outlined. The goal is to create awareness of fire safety for students, faculty and staff.
The document discusses different types of fire extinguishers, including how they are constructed, how they work, and which types of fires they are meant to be used on. It describes modern fire extinguishers as being made of steel or aluminum alloys to provide durability. It also explains the various methods of operation for different types of fire extinguishers, such as using pressure to force an extinguishing agent onto a fire. The document categorizes fires into different classes and identifies which type of fire extinguisher is best for each class.
One-third of restaurant fires are caused by faulty electrical equipment or improper equipment use. To prevent fires, restaurants should regularly clean greasy surfaces, avoid storing flammables near heat, and check for hazards. There are three classes of fires - A, B, C - which require different types of extinguishers. Restaurants should also maintain fire safety equipment like detectors, sprinklers, and properly train employees in evacuation and extinguisher use.
The document discusses fire safety and statistics about fires in the United States. It notes that in 2007, over 2500 fires were reported on average in US states, with over 1 million fire department calls, 3400 fire-related deaths, and 17000 injuries. Approximately $14.6 billion was lost to fire damage that year. The document recommends fire safety precautions like smoke alarms, sprinklers, and fire extinguishers, and outlines an emergency escape plan and actions to take during a fire.
Bae Systems Fire Extinguisher Orientation Class As Of 9 2 2011william bohmer
This document provides an orientation for fire extinguisher coordinators. It discusses the components of the fire triangle and tetrahedron, classes of fire, the PASS method for using a fire extinguisher, and guidelines for fighting or fleeing a fire. It also reviews different types of portable fire extinguishers like ABC dry chemical, carbon dioxide, halon, and wet chemical models. Key points include only fighting small contained fires if exits are clear, not using an extinguisher if the fire type is unknown, and ensuring trained users understand proper evaluation and operation techniques.
This document provides information on portable fire extinguishers including their purpose, operating principles, types, use, and maintenance. It discusses how fire extinguishers work to control or extinguish small fires by removing one of the fire triangle components through starvation, smothering, or cooling. Common types are described like dry chemical, water, foam, carbon dioxide, and wet chemical extinguishers. Guidelines are provided on reading classification labels and using different extinguishers appropriately. Maintenance tips are also listed.
Fire Safety & Extinguisher Safety TrainingPhillipLaraway
There are three things needed to start a fire: oxygen, fuel, and heat. Fires are classified based on the type of fuel: Class A is solids like wood; Class B is liquids like gasoline; Class C is electrical fires; Class D are metal-based fires. There are three main types of fire extinguishers - water, carbon dioxide, and dry chemical. Water extinguishers use water to remove heat; carbon dioxide removes oxygen; and dry chemical extinguishers coat the fuel to block oxygen. It's important to remember the PASS method when using an extinguisher - pull the pin, aim at the base of the fire, squeeze the handle, and sweep from side to side.
This document discusses fire and combustible hazards. It begins by introducing the trainer's credentials in quality, environment, health and safety. It then defines the fire triangle as requiring fuel, oxygen and an ignition source. It describes different types of fires and classes of materials that burn. Several examples of potential fire hazards are outlined, including improper storage of combustible materials and blocked exits. The document concludes with discussing elements of an effective fire prevention program such as hazard identification, equipment maintenance, handling/storage procedures, inspections, housekeeping and training.
The document provides information on fire safety and fire extinguisher training. It discusses the fire triangle of fuel, heat, and oxygen needed to create fire. It also describes the four classes of fires based on the type of fuel and the different types of fire extinguishers used for each class. The types covered are water, foam, carbon dioxide, and dry chemical extinguishers. It provides instructions on how to properly operate a fire extinguisher using the PASS method of pull, aim, squeeze, and sweep. Safety tips for fighting fires are also mentioned.
What You Must Know About Fire For Prevention & Survival!Bob Mayer
Fire can be dangerous or save our life. We need to be prepared either way. The odds are you will experience a house fire during your lifetime. Actually more than one. Are you ready? Are you prepared to make a free in a survival situation?
Ways to stop global warming By Allah Dad Khan Peshawar Mr.Allah Dad Khan
This document outlines 35 ways that individuals can help stop global warming. It recommends spreading awareness about global warming and its causes, becoming aware of one's own contribution to the problem, celebrating Earth Day, joining community forums, getting a home energy audit, insulating one's water heater, using reusable items like tupperware and kitchen cloths instead of single-use items, riding bikes, eating natural and plant-based foods, hanging clothes to dry, conserving water, downloading apps to track energy usage, using energy efficient appliances, installing solar panels, reducing waste through the three R's of reduce, reuse and recycle, driving less and carpooling, replacing incandescent light bulbs with LED bulbs, and regularly tuning
According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, the average summer electricity bill was about $395 last year. That’s a lot of money. Here are some low-cost, no-stress, renter-friendly ways to slice your summer utility bills.
The document discusses fire safety and fire extinguishers. It explains the fire triangle and the three elements (fuel, heat, oxygen) needed for a fire. It describes the different classes of fires based on the type of fuel (A, B, C, D) and the different types of fire extinguishers suited for each class (water, foam, dry chemical, CO2). It provides instructions on how to properly use a fire extinguisher using the PASS method of pulling the pin, aiming at the base of the fire, squeezing the handle, and sweeping from side to side. Safety tips are also outlined, such as knowing what is burning before fighting the fire and having an escape route.
This document provides tips for fire safety in the kitchen. It recommends keeping appliances clean and well-maintained, never leaving the kitchen unattended while cooking, and maintaining a 3-foot clear area around the stove. Appliances with internal water leaks can also present electrical fire hazards, so the document advises watching for staining or water around appliances as an indication of leaks. It concludes by recommending having a fire extinguisher available but only using it for small contained fires, and otherwise evacuating if a fire occurs.
Swastik Synergy Engineering Private Limited manufactures and exports firefighting appliances and systems. They offer a range of fire extinguishers, fire suppression systems, valves, and testing equipment. Their team includes engineers, quality controllers, and production staff. Key products include dry powder, water, foam, clean agent and kitchen fire extinguishers as well as fire suppression systems like carbon dioxide, clean agent, hydrant, dry powder, and foam systems. They also provide related production equipment, accessories, and testing equipment.
The document provides information on fundamental fire extinguisher training and the fire triangle. It discusses the three elements needed for a fire - oxygen, heat, and fuel. It also covers fuel classifications, types of fire extinguishers including water, carbon dioxide, and dry chemical, how to use an extinguisher using the PASS method, and rules for fighting fires safely.
This document provides training on fire extinguisher safety. It discusses the different classes of fires and types of fire extinguishers, how fire extinguishers work, proper fire extinguisher placement and use. Key steps for using a fire extinguisher include pulling the pin, aiming at the base of the fire, squeezing the handle to release the extinguishing agent, and sweeping from side to side until the fire is completely out. Evacuation is recommended if the fire cannot be controlled with an extinguisher.
How to Use a Fire Extinguisher in an Emergency Situation?A
Within 20 to 30 seconds, a fire could be out of control in front of you. Fire can spread, doubling up its size in seconds and not give you much time to escape. The quick fire-filled area contains heat and thick toxic smoke. In an instantaneous situation, you have to confront a fire with the right fire extinguisher for the specific type of fire. Learn how to use fire extinguishers and identify the fire class for appropriate fire extinguishers.
Choosing the right fire extinguisher may help you to stop the fire successfully. To defend the fire, the only option you have is that fire extinguisher to restrict fire spreading. A fire extinguisher is a device used for fire safety to extinguish small fires or flame in an emergency situation. A fire extinguisher is not intended for use in a large scale fire. Normally, a fire extinguisher is a hand-held pressurised cylinder having an agent such as nitrogen.
This document provides an introduction to fire extinguishers for Fairfax County employees. It outlines OSHA regulations requiring training on portable fire extinguisher use. The objectives are to identify the three common fire classes, select the proper extinguisher, evaluate fire safety, and apply the PASS method. It describes different extinguisher types (water, dry chemical, CO2), their features, how they work, and limitations. Guidelines are given for using an extinguisher, including only fighting small, contained fires after evacuation and calling 911. The PASS method of Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep is explained. Sources for more information are also listed.
The document provides an overview of fire safety training at the University of Northern Iowa. It discusses the importance of fire extinguishers and knowing how to properly use them. The PASS technique of Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep is explained as the correct method for applying an extinguisher. Different types of fires and appropriate extinguishers are identified. Evacuation procedures and resources for more information are also outlined. The goal is to create awareness of fire safety for students, faculty and staff.
The document discusses different types of fire extinguishers, including how they are constructed, how they work, and which types of fires they are meant to be used on. It describes modern fire extinguishers as being made of steel or aluminum alloys to provide durability. It also explains the various methods of operation for different types of fire extinguishers, such as using pressure to force an extinguishing agent onto a fire. The document categorizes fires into different classes and identifies which type of fire extinguisher is best for each class.
One-third of restaurant fires are caused by faulty electrical equipment or improper equipment use. To prevent fires, restaurants should regularly clean greasy surfaces, avoid storing flammables near heat, and check for hazards. There are three classes of fires - A, B, C - which require different types of extinguishers. Restaurants should also maintain fire safety equipment like detectors, sprinklers, and properly train employees in evacuation and extinguisher use.
The document discusses fire safety and statistics about fires in the United States. It notes that in 2007, over 2500 fires were reported on average in US states, with over 1 million fire department calls, 3400 fire-related deaths, and 17000 injuries. Approximately $14.6 billion was lost to fire damage that year. The document recommends fire safety precautions like smoke alarms, sprinklers, and fire extinguishers, and outlines an emergency escape plan and actions to take during a fire.
Bae Systems Fire Extinguisher Orientation Class As Of 9 2 2011william bohmer
This document provides an orientation for fire extinguisher coordinators. It discusses the components of the fire triangle and tetrahedron, classes of fire, the PASS method for using a fire extinguisher, and guidelines for fighting or fleeing a fire. It also reviews different types of portable fire extinguishers like ABC dry chemical, carbon dioxide, halon, and wet chemical models. Key points include only fighting small contained fires if exits are clear, not using an extinguisher if the fire type is unknown, and ensuring trained users understand proper evaluation and operation techniques.
This document provides information on portable fire extinguishers including their purpose, operating principles, types, use, and maintenance. It discusses how fire extinguishers work to control or extinguish small fires by removing one of the fire triangle components through starvation, smothering, or cooling. Common types are described like dry chemical, water, foam, carbon dioxide, and wet chemical extinguishers. Guidelines are provided on reading classification labels and using different extinguishers appropriately. Maintenance tips are also listed.
Fire Safety & Extinguisher Safety TrainingPhillipLaraway
There are three things needed to start a fire: oxygen, fuel, and heat. Fires are classified based on the type of fuel: Class A is solids like wood; Class B is liquids like gasoline; Class C is electrical fires; Class D are metal-based fires. There are three main types of fire extinguishers - water, carbon dioxide, and dry chemical. Water extinguishers use water to remove heat; carbon dioxide removes oxygen; and dry chemical extinguishers coat the fuel to block oxygen. It's important to remember the PASS method when using an extinguisher - pull the pin, aim at the base of the fire, squeeze the handle, and sweep from side to side.
This document discusses fire and combustible hazards. It begins by introducing the trainer's credentials in quality, environment, health and safety. It then defines the fire triangle as requiring fuel, oxygen and an ignition source. It describes different types of fires and classes of materials that burn. Several examples of potential fire hazards are outlined, including improper storage of combustible materials and blocked exits. The document concludes with discussing elements of an effective fire prevention program such as hazard identification, equipment maintenance, handling/storage procedures, inspections, housekeeping and training.
The document provides information on fire safety and fire extinguisher training. It discusses the fire triangle of fuel, heat, and oxygen needed to create fire. It also describes the four classes of fires based on the type of fuel and the different types of fire extinguishers used for each class. The types covered are water, foam, carbon dioxide, and dry chemical extinguishers. It provides instructions on how to properly operate a fire extinguisher using the PASS method of pull, aim, squeeze, and sweep. Safety tips for fighting fires are also mentioned.
What You Must Know About Fire For Prevention & Survival!Bob Mayer
Fire can be dangerous or save our life. We need to be prepared either way. The odds are you will experience a house fire during your lifetime. Actually more than one. Are you ready? Are you prepared to make a free in a survival situation?
Ways to stop global warming By Allah Dad Khan Peshawar Mr.Allah Dad Khan
This document outlines 35 ways that individuals can help stop global warming. It recommends spreading awareness about global warming and its causes, becoming aware of one's own contribution to the problem, celebrating Earth Day, joining community forums, getting a home energy audit, insulating one's water heater, using reusable items like tupperware and kitchen cloths instead of single-use items, riding bikes, eating natural and plant-based foods, hanging clothes to dry, conserving water, downloading apps to track energy usage, using energy efficient appliances, installing solar panels, reducing waste through the three R's of reduce, reuse and recycle, driving less and carpooling, replacing incandescent light bulbs with LED bulbs, and regularly tuning
What You Must Know About Fire For Prevention & Survival!Bob Mayer
Fire can be dangerous or save our life. We need to be prepared either way. The odds are you will experience a house fire during your lifetime. Actually more than one. Are you ready? Are you prepared to make a free in a survival situation?
Renewable Energy and other Money Saving secrets for your home.GreenEcoLiving
In today’s economy, there are more reasons than ever to cut your energy bill. One of
the most popular ways to do so is to invest in renewable energy to power all or part of
your home. But, even if you don’t have the resources to install a full photovoltaic solar
kit on your roof, there are dozens of other ways to cut your bills, save money, and
generally be more kind to Mother Earth.
The document discusses the causes and effects of global warming and provides tips for living more sustainably to reduce human-caused climate change. Some of the key points covered include:
- Global warming is caused by human greenhouse gas emissions from the burning of fossil fuels. This traps heat in the atmosphere and is increasing Earth's temperature.
- Effects of global warming include rising sea levels, more extreme weather, droughts and wildfires, and threats to human health from things like spreading insect-borne diseases.
- Individual actions like recycling, using less water and electricity, driving less, and purchasing renewable energy can all help reduce our carbon footprint.
- Transitioning to renewable energy sources like solar panels, becoming
Fake news about wood burning stoves pollutionSweepSafe
Wood burning stoves have been unfairly targeted by the press, blogs and videos lately and are being painted in a very negative light. So let’s take a look at the reality, which in our view is very different to the portrayal in the press.
Firstly wood is one of the only truly renewable fuels. It is often compared to diesel due to some of the particles that are emitted when burned. As we know diesel is a fossil fuel derived from crude oil and although some particles are emitted during burning wood badly in old appliances, we are pretty sure that diesel does not produce a major percentage of the worlds oxygen like trees do.
What You Must Know About Fire For Prevention & Survival!Bob Mayer
Fire can be dangerous or save our life. We need to be prepared either way. The odds are you will experience a house fire during your lifetime. Actually more than one. Are you ready? Are you prepared to make a free in a survival situation?
What You Must Know About Fire For Prevention & Survival!Bob Mayer
Fire can be dangerous or save our life. We need to be prepared either way. The odds are you will experience a house fire during your lifetime. Actually more than one. Are you ready? Are you prepared to make a free in a survival situation?
This document provides information on fire safety training in the workplace. It discusses the need for fire safety training due to injuries caused by fires at work each year. It also notes fire risk assessments identified a need for staff training. The document then covers the fire triangle, fire prevention methods, fire procedure, fighting fires, different types of fires and fire extinguishers. It concludes with a true/false fire safety test to assess learning.
Humans carelessness that leads to fire accidents that can cause death of many thousands of people. This ppt describe the source of man made disasters,the types, the effects and how to control it. there is also a small case study attached to it to help in a better understanding of the effect of the effect and the prevention method.
14 hvac maintenance tips edens air conditioner heatingRobben11
Discover simple tips to help you maintain your hvac unit. If you live in the Texarkana area and are looking for an experienced and affordable HVAC company, we can help! We provide residential and commercial services to Texarkana and up to 100 miles radius. Same day service available!
Edens Air Conditioner & Heating
205 Meadows Rd
Texarkana, AR 71854
(903) 742-4066
http://texarkanaacrepair.com
Oedipus The King Sight And Blindness EssaySabrina Kramer
1. The Fairfax County Public School system is still feeling the effects of the recession and must make difficult choices to balance its budget.
2. FCPS operates with two main budgets - an operating budget for daily functions and a capital improvement budget.
3. Balancing these budgets amid the ongoing impacts of the recession presents challenges for school leaders in determining priorities and funding allocations.
Kindly spread the words and encourage children around u aged between 6-18yrs ... be the part of Go GREEN Kids for more info kindly visit www.greenyatra.org
The document discusses the history of energy use and different energy sources. It notes that while people originally relied on sunlight, wind, and water power, the Industrial Revolution led to widespread use of fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas. These fossil fuels formed over millions of years but are being depleted. The text advocates for conserving energy and exploring renewable alternatives to fossil fuels such as solar, wind, geothermal, and biomass. It also suggests individual actions people can take to reduce their energy use.
Aiming better gsm controls a possible approachDevesh Singhal
The document discusses improving control of grammage (GSM) in paper machines by modifying the approach flow system. Currently, variations in GSM occur when the secondary screen reject valve opens only briefly. The document proposes removing the secondary screen and installing a screw pump with a variable frequency drive-controlled motor after the main screen to continuously throttle the reject flow at a low level. This proposed system could eliminate GSM variations and fluctuations in the cross-machine profile while also providing energy savings by removing the secondary screen and reducing throughput needs.
Stack height often surprises me. Can we consider cutting short stacks of factories to reduce pollution, as the polluter would be faced to get into self compliance, willingly or unwillingly. Think.
Can we provide some space for viruses in our lives? A different thought, indicating what can be done to to live happily without a fear of virus and let it live its life.
Delhi-NCR air is becoming more and more polluted. We need to find a solution, that too very fast. The present concept note presents such a simple idea to solve the pollution problem.
When environment protection causes problemsDevesh Singhal
What happens when an industry starts treating effluent to achieve better and better than mandated norms? This is done by additional energy, capital cost and thus creates undesirable problems.
This document provides a concise summary of paper and the paper industry for students. It discusses the history of paper and how the paper making process has modernized. It also summarizes key facts about the paper industry in India, including production levels, recycling rates, and environmental practices. The document aims to enhance students' knowledge about paper and debunk common misconceptions.
The document discusses voltage fluctuations that can cause electrical motors and appliances to trip. It describes how fluctuations can originate from the power supply or internal wiring issues. Methods are presented to identify weak neutrals, measure fluctuation magnitude, and reduce tripping, such as installing a supervisory neutral bus or changing control power phases. The goal is to better understand fluctuations and minimize their impacts on production.
The document discusses the issue of plastic pollution and proposes solutions. It notes that plastics are a major source of pollution as most are not recycled. While plastics are very prevalent in modern life, the key issue is plastic waste management rather than plastics themselves. The paper industry could help by recycling products like paper cups and tetra packs that contain a high percentage of paper along with some plastic. This would remove plastic waste from the environment by collecting it along with recycled paper. Mandating that laminated packaging contain at least 75% paper would enable efficient recycling and reduce plastic pollution.
The document discusses rethinking the use of approach flow screening on paper machines. It notes that removing centrifugal cleaners from approach flow 10 years ago resulted in dramatic energy savings, improved basis weight control, reduced web breaks by over 75%, better steam control, and increased yield. The document observes temporary 0.5-0.7 gsm reductions in basis weight from the timer-operated reject valve on the current pressure screen and slot screen system. It questions whether the electricity costs and basis weight control problems from the approach screen outweigh its benefits as a "security guard" and suggests starting to think about removing approach screens.
Can our cooking create pollution?
While you prepare your delicious food, fumes containing particulate matter are added to atmosphere. Probably that is the reason that pollution index is generally found more in densely populated areas.
This document discusses how hair care products are a major source of pollution that is often overlooked. It notes that the water and chemicals used in shampoos, conditioners, dyes, and other hair products exceed the pollution produced by most major industries when considered globally. The author argues that wearing hats more often could help reduce this pollution by decreasing the need for frequent hair washing and product use. Wearing a hat for a month is proposed as a task people should accept to help raise awareness of hair care's environmental impact and potential solutions like cutting one's hair short.
Have you faced problems of incorrect readings in displays, flickering of tubelights etc. Do you know, electrical pollution can be harmful for our lives also?
The document proposes a concept to help reduce smog levels in Delhi using controlled artificial rain. It suggests installing vertical conical tunnels equipped with fans, pipes with shower nozzles, and water collection tanks. The tunnels would suck in polluted air from the bottom, spray it with water droplets of different sizes to "wash" the particulates, and expel cleaner air from the top. Initial trials could be conducted near polluted areas to monitor effectiveness. The author believes cooling tower manufacturers could build these units, which would cost less than 2 lakhs each and treat 1 million cubic meters of air daily. Feedback on this approach is requested.
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdfAtif Razi
Historically, mechanical engineering has relied heavily on human expertise and empirical methods to solve complex problems. With the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA), the field took its first steps towards digitization. These tools allowed engineers to simulate and analyze mechanical systems with greater accuracy and efficiency. However, the sheer volume of data generated by modern engineering systems and the increasing complexity of these systems have necessitated more advanced analytical tools, paving the way for AI.
AI offers the capability to process vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make predictions with a level of speed and accuracy unattainable by traditional methods. This has profound implications for mechanical engineering, enabling more efficient design processes, predictive maintenance strategies, and optimized manufacturing operations. AI-driven tools can learn from historical data, adapt to new information, and continuously improve their performance, making them invaluable in tackling the multifaceted challenges of modern mechanical engineering.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Rainfall intensity duration frequency curve statistical analysis and modeling...bijceesjournal
Using data from 41 years in Patna’ India’ the study’s goal is to analyze the trends of how often it rains on a weekly, seasonal, and annual basis (1981−2020). First, utilizing the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve and the relationship by statistically analyzing rainfall’ the historical rainfall data set for Patna’ India’ during a 41 year period (1981−2020), was evaluated for its quality. Changes in the hydrologic cycle as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions are expected to induce variations in the intensity, length, and frequency of precipitation events. One strategy to lessen vulnerability is to quantify probable changes and adapt to them. Techniques such as log-normal, normal, and Gumbel are used (EV-I). Distributions were created with durations of 1, 2, 3, 6, and 24 h and return times of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 100 years. There were also mathematical correlations discovered between rainfall and recurrence interval.
Findings: Based on findings, the Gumbel approach produced the highest intensity values, whereas the other approaches produced values that were close to each other. The data indicates that 461.9 mm of rain fell during the monsoon season’s 301st week. However, it was found that the 29th week had the greatest average rainfall, 92.6 mm. With 952.6 mm on average, the monsoon season saw the highest rainfall. Calculations revealed that the yearly rainfall averaged 1171.1 mm. Using Weibull’s method, the study was subsequently expanded to examine rainfall distribution at different recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, and 25 years. Rainfall and recurrence interval mathematical correlations were also developed. Further regression analysis revealed that short wave irrigation, wind direction, wind speed, pressure, relative humidity, and temperature all had a substantial influence on rainfall.
Originality and value: The results of the rainfall IDF curves can provide useful information to policymakers in making appropriate decisions in managing and minimizing floods in the study area.
Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...shadow0702a
This document serves as a comprehensive step-by-step guide on how to effectively use PyCharm for remote debugging of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on a local Windows machine. It meticulously outlines several critical steps in the process, starting with the crucial task of enabling permissions, followed by the installation and configuration of WSL.
The guide then proceeds to explain how to set up the SSH service within the WSL environment, an integral part of the process. Alongside this, it also provides detailed instructions on how to modify the inbound rules of the Windows firewall to facilitate the process, ensuring that there are no connectivity issues that could potentially hinder the debugging process.
The document further emphasizes on the importance of checking the connection between the Windows and WSL environments, providing instructions on how to ensure that the connection is optimal and ready for remote debugging.
It also offers an in-depth guide on how to configure the WSL interpreter and files within the PyCharm environment. This is essential for ensuring that the debugging process is set up correctly and that the program can be run effectively within the WSL terminal.
Additionally, the document provides guidance on how to set up breakpoints for debugging, a fundamental aspect of the debugging process which allows the developer to stop the execution of their code at certain points and inspect their program at those stages.
Finally, the document concludes by providing a link to a reference blog. This blog offers additional information and guidance on configuring the remote Python interpreter in PyCharm, providing the reader with a well-rounded understanding of the process.
1. Fire Safety: Some thoughts on Paper Page 1
Fire Safety: Some Thoughts on Paper
Last month, April 2019 had been really a tough one for
paper mills. There was several fire incidents reported,
with two of very serious nature. Fortunately no casualties
were reported in any of such incident.
I’ve been struggling to think, “WHY” on this issue. Why
do such incidents take place? Quite obviously, one may
easily blame mills for not following the best practices;
one may blame the mills for not taking the fire safety
seriously; one may blame the mills for being careless.
Is it really the case? Can any mill, can any management,
can the staff and workers be so careless about their mill
that their future and lives are on risk? Sorry. I don’t think
so.
2. Fire Safety: Some thoughts on Paper Page 2
What, then, could be the cause of such incidents? I
visited one such major fire victim mill recently, just next
day when fire broke out. Fire was not fully extinguished
even after 26-28 hours, but I could see the dedication of
firefighters and mill workers both. The mill owner was in
grief, but not hopeless, and was ready to restart the
production with double courage. I cannot believe that
this incident was the result of their carelessness. My best
wishes to them to overcome this soon, and regain their
past growth.
So, my mind started thinking more and more on this
issue. I talked with several persons, from different mills,
of different levels, from MD to general manager, and
with helpers, drivers etc. My subconscious mind was also
busy on the issue. Searching Google also gave some
information.
Please allow me to put all such information combined
together, to see if we can get some suitable solution.
3. Fire Safety: Some thoughts on Paper Page 3
The Approach:
The general approach towards fire safety, so far is
confined towards keeping the flammable material safely,
keeping all fire-fighting equipment as specified, keeping
these in order, train workforce etc. Be it fuel, petrol or
paper, cloth or chemical, furniture or livestock, the basic
approach remain the same.
Still, there seems something missing. Maybe for paper,
we need something extra! Anyway, we need to find that
and consider it for future actions.
Something Irrelevant:
During the thought process, some other points came to
my mind, and I’d like to share these also.
Have you observed the start of a Yagna or Hawan? Some
dry wooden sticks are burnt and we invite to worship
‘Godess Fire’. Often, these sticks do not catch fire
4. Fire Safety: Some thoughts on Paper Page 4
immediately. Panditji (Brahmin) uses camphor to light
the flame, keep it alive and wait patiently before we start
our conventional worship.
We use dry wood; still catching fire is not always that
easy. Why waste paper or paper catches fire so easily
then?
The Magnifying Glass Experiment:
I recall using a magnifying glass to condense the sun-rays
on a point and using that energy to burn a piece of
paper. Well, it took some time. Today, when I think, I feel
combustion is not that easy. We need to create right
conditions for it. Why, then, paper mills are becoming a
victim often?
5. Fire Safety: Some thoughts on Paper Page 5
The Calorific Value
The calorific value of paper is around 3000 kCal/kg. The
same is for wood, furniture etc. For fire-fighting purpose,
we may put these in the same category. However, can
we do something to reduce down the calorific value? Will
it make any significant impact?
The Climate
Do you believe that increased temperature is a
significant cause of fire? Can we do something to bring
this temperature down? After all, we use coolers, ACs for
our comfort, doesn’t our paper or waste paper or even
boiler fuel needs that comfort?
After a lot of brainstorming, I have started to believe that
only temperature is not the cause of fire. Only calorific
value is not the cause of fire. Only not following the
safety guidelines is not the cause of fire.
6. Fire Safety: Some thoughts on Paper Page 6
The Arrangements:
So far, the fire safety appears to be confined to be
ready to take suitable actions after the fire has broke
out. As a result, many people suggest you to increase
number of hydrants, hose reels etc. You have 10
hydrant valves, you’d be asked to provide 12; you
have 14 hydrant valves, you’ll be asked to increase 3-
4 more. Your security guard is frisking persons
entering premises to check matchbox or bidi-
cigarettes, you might be asked to have two layers of
frisking.
Well, fire safety officers take action as per their
protocols and restrain themselves to take any
treatment to your raw material or product. It is our
role in determining what we can do to our fuel or raw
material to protect ourselves from fire mishaps.
7. Fire Safety: Some thoughts on Paper Page 7
My views:
Many fire incidents take place in waste paper yard or
boiler fuel yard, though some may take place in
finished paper yard. Many fire accidents take place in
summer, but most of these take place in Dry weather.
When paper is kept at low humidity level for longer
duration, its moisture content decreases, and it
becomes easier for it to catch fire. In humid summer,
there are relatively less chances of such accidents.
Paper is a little hydrophilic. If paper is kept at say 10%
moisture, the calorific value decreases from 3000
kCal/kg to say 2640 kCal/kg (the moisture also needs
some energy to get evaporated). Furthermore,
spraying water would also drop down temperature
slightly.
While surfing the net, I also came across a fact that
for paper to burn, a significant part of it must be
elevated to a temperature of 200 degC. This gives us
another clue.
8. Fire Safety: Some thoughts on Paper Page 8
Consider a sample of dry paper at 40 DegC. Let us
take the specific heat of it as 0.25kCal/kg/degC. To
raise temperature of 1kg of it, we need 40 kCal
energy. Now, if say the paper moisture is 10%, we’d
need 36 kCal to heat the paper, and nearly 70 kCal to
evaporate and raise temperature of water vapour
contained in it, thus totaling 106 kCal.
Added together, it appears spraying fine water mists
over waste paper can be a good strategy to avoid fire
accidents. Spraying large quantity of water on some
grades of waste paper might affect the product
quality adversely, so mills may spray fine mist water
droplets over paper under controlled conditions.
9. Fire Safety: Some thoughts on Paper Page 9
Appeal
Please do give a thought to the points indicated
above. The figures given above are approximate and
for illustration purpose only, however, the approach,
if possible, needs further research on following
points-
-Combustion rates of paper under increased humidity
-Effect of moisture on combustion of paper
Maybe, in future we need to add some spraying
systems in our waste paper yards, boiler fuel yards
etc.
Please share this with all concerned, and let’s work
together towards a –no fire accident- goal for paper
industry.
D K Singhal, deveshksinghal@gmail.com