The document outlines fire fighting techniques and fire safety in industries, categorizing fire types into five groups based on their sources and specific hazards. It emphasizes the common causes of fires, recommended safety practices, and guidelines for emergency response, including proper use of fire extinguishers. Additionally, it highlights the importance of maintaining a clean work environment and preparation for fire emergencies through drills and awareness of fire exits.

1. FIRE FIGHTING TECHNIQUE AND
FIRE SAFTY IN INDUSTRIES

2. FIRE

3. TYPES OF FIRE

4. Generate from wood, paper, cloths etc.
GROUP - A FIRE

5. GROUP - B FIRE
Generate from inflammable substance like oil, petroleum,
paint etc.

6. GROUP - C FIRE
Generate from LPG, hydrogen, ammonium etc.

7. GROUP - D FIRE
Generate from element like sodium, potassium,
magnesium etc.

8. GROUP - E FIRE
Generate through electric fitting, electric appliance
etc.

9. COMMON CAUSES OF FIRE
• Electrical Fire Hazards
• Flammable Liquids
• Compressed Gases
• Hot Work
• Housekeeping Practices

10. COMMON CAUSES OF FIRE
Electrical Fire Hazards
Worn-out or defective wiring and dusty equipment account for many fires
every years, as do overloaded circuits. Be aware of the following:
• Worn extension cords
• Exposed wiring
• Broken power tools
• Overloaded outlets
• Greasy or dusty electric motors or machines

11. COMMON CAUSES OF FIRE
Flammable Liquids
Certain substance commonly used in industrial settings can ignite with the slightest
spark, or even by static electricity. Workers should always engage in the following
practices:-
• Store solvent, paint, paint thinner, gasoline and any other flammable liquid in an
OSHA-approved container in a well-ventilated area away from heat sources.
• Ground containers to safely discharge static electricity.
• Clean up spills immediately.
• Confine spray painting to special fireproof booths.

12. COMMON CAUSES OF FIRE
Compressed Gases
Compressed flammable gases can ignite at temperature below room temperature, so
even a small leak can cause a fire. Compressed gas should be handled in following
ways:
• Inspect cylinders of compressed gas regularly for leaks.
• Do not store cylinders in temperatures over 50 degrees Celsius.
• Do not extinguish a flame from a flammable gas without turning off the source, as
it can easily reignite.

13. COMMON CAUSES OF FIRE
Hot Work
Any work that generates heat, sparks, or slag should occur in isolation, away from other
fire hazards. Welders and others doing this kind of work should follow the following
protocols:
• Wear fire-resistant protective clothing.
• Follow orders on the hot work permit.
• Weld only in areas with fire-resistant flooring or use protective shields.
• Catch slag in containers of water or sand.
• Protect open doorways or windows with a fireproof curtain.

14. COMMON CAUSES OF FIRE
Housekeeping Practices
A clean work area is a safe work area. Not only will a neat space prevent slip and fall
injuries, but removing potentially flammable materials can protect against a fire. The
following practice should be part of your daily routine:
• Sweep up dust, lint, sawdust and scraps.
• Dispose of combustible waste in covered, airtight containers.
• Keep areas around machinery, stoves, heaters, and other equipment free of trash and
cartons.
• Use non-flammable cleaners.

15. MODES OF SPREAD OF FIRE
o CONDUCTION
• It occurs only in solids i.e. Metallic objects
o CONVECTION
• It occurs in both liquids and gases
o RADIATION
• It is neither conductor nor convection.
• These are heated rays emanating from the hot objects.

16. FIRE PREVENTION

17. GENERAL FIRE SAFETY
• Keep combustible away from heat producing devices.
• Prevent sparks in patient areas where oxygen is used.
• Keep and store combustible liquids properly.
• Keep maintenance and storage areas clean and free of trash,
sawdust, oily rages, etc

18. GENERAL FIRE SAFETY
• Keep halls, stairways, escape routes & emergency exits clean & clear.
• Be sure that EXIT signs are always lighted and that emergency lighting
is in working order.
• Never obstruct emergency doors.
• Fire doors not only let people out, they keep fire from spreading.

19. FIRE DRILLS
• Generally conducted in every quarterly of the year.
• Respond immediately as if actual fire occurred. Remember R.A.C.E
and P.A.S.S.
• All corridor fire doors are connected to fire alarm & detection system
and will close automatically once activated.

20. FIRE DRILLS
• The corridor fire doors and the room doors are all rated for a
particular time frame that it will take a fire to burn through them.
That is why it is important to ensure that the fire doors in the
corridors are free to close and that employee and visitors
remain in their office/rooms with the doors closed. This
provides them an added barrier between them and the fire, and
also greater time for the fire department/baigade to respond
and contain without loss of life.

21. FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT

22. FIRE EXTINGUISHER
Different types of fire extinguisher are their:-
• Hand-held fire extinguishers.
• Water extinguishers.
• Foam extinguishers.
• CO2 extinguishers.
• Dry chemical power extinguishers.

23. FIRE DRILLS
Discharge the extinguisher within its effective range using the
P.A.S.S. technique (pull, aim, squeeze, sweep)
P- Pull the pin.
A- At the base of fire.
S- Squeeze the handless
S- Swipe from side to side.

24. FIRE FIGHTING TECHNIQUE

25. Every one has to be prepared for a fire emergency
• Check the location of the fire alarm and know how they work.
• Know where your two nearest exist are located. Learn how doors swing and
where stairs lead.
• Make sure nothing blocks fire appliance/equipment, extinguishers & emergency
exists.
• Aware of the sound of the your building fire alarm.
• Post emergency number (including security & first aid) near your telephone.
• Remember your escape plan.

26. When you notice a fire:
• Pull the nearest fire alarm “ pull station” while existing the floor.
• If there is no pull station/manual fire point then dial the emergency number.
• Do not assume that anyone else has already called the fire brigade/ department.
• Stay calm and be prepared to answer the operator’s questions regarding the
emergency.
• EVACUATE!

27. When you hear the fire alarm:
• Leave at once, take direction from the emergency warden.
• Do not delay yourself by gathering personal items, your safety always comes
first.
• Before you open any door, feel the door with the back of your hand. If the
door is cold, slowly open it a crack.
• If there is no smoke in hallways or stairwells, follow your building's
evacuation plan. Get out quickly using designated fire exits.

28. If you are trapped in smoke or heat:
Stuff the cracks around doors with towels, rags, clothing or tape, and cover
vents to keep out smoke and call fire department.
Wait at a window and signal for help. Do not panic or jump.
If possible, open the window at the top or bottom, but do not break it, you
may need to close the window if smoke rushes in.
Be patient, rescuing all the occupants of a building can take several hours.
Stay low to the floor, and if possible, cover your mouth and nose with damp
cloth or dust mask.

29. Before you consider fighting a fire:
• Call the fire department.
• Confirm that the fire is small and is not spreading.
• Confirm you have a safe path to an exit not threatened by the fire.
• You know what kind of extinguisher is required and the correct extinguisher is
immediately at hand.

30. After a fire emergency:
• Once you are out of the building, stay out.
• Do not go back inside for any reason.
• Report to your warden for roll call at your designated assembly point.
• Tell the fire department via your warden if you know of anyone trapped inside the
building.
• Only re- enter if and when the fire department tells you it is safe to do so.

31. Never fight a fire if :
• The fire is spreading beyond the immediate area in which it started or if it is
already a large fire.
• The fire could block your escape route.
• You are unsure of the proper operation of the extinguisher.
• You doubt that the extinguisher you are holding is designed for the type of fire
at hand or is large enough to fight the fire.

32. RACE
You must follow the R.A.C.E. fire procedure before attempting to
extinguish any fire.
R- Rescue anyone in immediate danger.
A- Activate the fire alarm.
C- contain the fire.
E- extinguish the fire, if your safety can be assured.

33. DO’S & DON’TS
• Do not panic.
• Do not waste time for collecting value.
• Inform fire brigade about fire alert neighbour.
• Shut all the doors behind the door.
• Don’ t use lift escape.
• Don’t jump out of the building give signal or shut for help.

34. CLOTHES CATCHES FIRE
• Don’t Run.
• To the floor.
• Roll over to smother the flamer.
• Wrap the other person in a heavy coat or blanket.
• Make them roll over the floor.

35. THANK YOU