1) The prefect has always abused his power over a student, causing the student to develop a schema disliking all prefects. The prefect shows in-group bias by thinking prefects are superior to other students. 2) One day, the prefect accidentally spills ink but leaves without cleaning it. He is not worried about getting in trouble due to optimistic bias, while the students are nervous. 3) When the teacher wrongly blames the students due to confirmation bias, the biased perception is difficult to change despite evidence otherwise.

1. SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING AND
DESIGN
FOUNDATION IN NATURAL AND BUILT
ENVIRONMENTS
Group Members Student ID
Wong Yun Teng 0323454
Lee Xin Ying 0322432
Teoh Zhe Khai 0322905
Janson Chen 0323047
Social Psychology (PSY30103)
Session: Monday (3.30pm-5.30pm)
Lecturer: Mr. Shankar Thiruchelvam
Submission date: 1st
February 2016

2. Table of Content
No. Title Page
1. Acknowledgement 1
2. Introduction 2
3. Roles 3
4. Storyline 4
5. Concepts and Application 5 – 9
6. References 10

3. Acknowledgement
First and foremost, we would like to express our gratitude to our
Social Psychology lecturer, Mr. Shankar Thiruchelvam for his patient
guidance throughout this semester. He helps us to understand all the
concepts in the chapters and answers all the question we asked in the
class. Next, we would like to appreciate to our group members that
were involved and contributed in this assignment.
On the other hand, we would like to thank Wong Yun Teng for
writing the storyline and doing the presentation slide. Also, we would
like to thank Teoh Zhe Khai for directing and editing the video. Next,
we would like to thank Janson Chen and Lee Xin Ying for writing the
report. This assignment would not be complete without the effort and
cooperation from every group members.

4. Introduction
Psychology is the scientific study of how people act, think, and
feel. Social psychology studies how people act, think and feel in the
context of society. That is, how people’s behaviours, thoughts, and
feelings change because of other people.
This assignment consisted of 3 components which include a
video clip, written report and presentation slide. For this assignment,
we made up a video clip between 3-5 minutes by using a storyline that
incorporate 5 concepts learned in class, written report of the clip that
consists of 1500 words and presenting the clip to the class. This
project allows us to recognize and identify the connections among
concepts and perspectives within psychology and with other
disciplines. This assignment also allows us to engage in psychological
inquiry and become self-regulated learners.

5. Roles
 26th January 2016
Wong Yun Teng came out with her story with concepts. We
have no meeting today but discussed the storyline in Whatsapp
group.
 28th January 2016
All of the group members attended in this meeting. We met in
library and discussed about the script for the video. After that,
we confirmed the date, time and venue for taking the video.
 29th January 2016
The day of video filming. We did it on in the morning from 9am
to 12pm at Block E Level 3, Taylor’s University Lakeside
Campus. After that, we discussed about the written report,
presentation slide and edit video.
We separated the video into 5 segments to film up into 5 scenes which
are representing 5 different concepts. This assignment needed the
input of all members and all of us needed to be in the video. We
discussed and settled the person who is in charge for each section. So
that, everyone has put effort on this assignment.
Member Roles in assignment Roles in video
Wong Yun Teng Slide maker Student B
Lee Xin Ying Report writer Student A
Teoh Zhe Khai Vide editor Teacher
Janson Chen Report writer Prefect

6. Storyline
This is a story about a prefect and a student. There was once a
prefect who was always abusing his power towards this student so the
student grew up disliking prefects in general. (schemas) The prefect
always thought that prefects are “upper class” and better while
normal students are below them (in group bias). The prefect acts
differently towards teachers than when he is with students. He is more
willing to give a hand to teachers but always ignore the requests of
other students (explicit attitude). One day, the prefect spills over the
ink put on the teacher’s table accidentally, but he leaves without clean
it up. When the teacher comes into the class next day and feel upset
for the mess, the prefect feels relax but the students feel nervous,
because he always believed that he will never be in trouble while
others will be punished instead (optimistic bias). Because of this,
most of the teachers think that the prefect is a good student. When the
students tell the teacher about the true, he does not listen to the bad
stuff said about the prefect, because he believes that the prefect only
has the good stuff. (confirmation bias)

7. Concepts and Application
I. Schema
Definition:
a mental conceptthat informs a personabout what to expect from a
variety of experiences and situations. Schemas are developed based on
information provided by life experiences and are then stored in memory.
Our brains create and use schemas as a short cut to make future
encounters with similar situations easier to navigate. We will look at a
couple of examples that will help illustrate the definition.
Application:
Once student A asked the prefect for teaching her some question but the
prefect abused her, she started to dislike all of the prefect in general.

8. II. In group bias
Definition:
refers to a pattern of favouring members of one's in-group over out-group
members. This can be expressed in evaluation of others, in allocation of
resources, and in many other ways.
Application:
The arrogant prefect does not like to communicate with the normal
students compare to other prefects, becausehe thinks that prefects are
better and upper class than normal students.

9. III. Explicit attitude
Definition:
A person’s conscious views toward people, objects, or concepts. Thatis,
the person is aware of the feelings he or she holds in a certain context.
Application:
The prefect acts differently towards teachers than when he is with other
students. When student A asks him some questions, he thinks that student
A is too stupid because for him, the questions is easy. and he is not
willing to help her solves the questions. He also likes to instruct other
students helps him to do anything. But when teacher ask for help, he will
always be the first to give a hand.

10. IV. Optimistic bias
Definition:
known as unrealistic or comparative optimism, is a cognitive bias that
causes a person to believe that they are less at risk of experiencing a
negative event compared to others.
Application:
One day, the prefect spills over the ink put on the teacher’s table
accidentally. He finally go away without clean it up. Unfortunately, that
day have only prefect, student A and student B stay backto do the student
on duty. The next day, when teacher see the table is too dirty, he is very
upset. Student A and student B feel nervous because they are on duty
yesterday but the prefect looks like very relax and none of his business.
This is because he always believes that he will never be in trouble
regardless of what kinds of matter.

11. V. Confirmation bias
Definition:
a type of cognitive bias that involves favouring information that confirms
previously existing beliefs or biases. It occurs from the direct influence of
desire on beliefs. When people would like a certain idea/concept to be
true, they end up believing it to be true. They are motivated by wishful
thinking. This error leads the individual to stop gathering information
when the evidence gathered so far confirms the views (prejudices) one
would like to be true.
Application:
The teacher firmly believes student A and B did the mess, he has no give
them a chance to explain. He never doubts that maybe the mess is did by
the prefect, becausesubconsciously, he think that he is a good student.
After the class is end, student B feels so unfair, she decides to complain
to the teacher that not student A and her did the mess, the one who did it
is the prefect. Although this is the true, but the teacher not believe to her
at all because he considers the prefect is a good student.

12. References
1. Social Psychology, Simply Psychology. (n.d.). Retrieved
January 29, 2016, from
http://www.simplypsychology.org/social-psychology.html
2. In-group, out-group, and the psychology of crowds. (n.d.).
Retrieved January 29, 2016, from
https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/fulfillment-any-
age/201012/in-groups-out-groups-and-the-psychology-crowds
3. Why We Favour Information That Confirms Our Existing
Beliefs. (n.d.). Retrieved January 29, 2016, from
http://psychology.about.com/od/cognitivepsychology/fl/What-
Is-a-Confirmation-Bias.htm