Conference presentation: 2009, Pedersen Zari, M. 'An architectural love of the living: Bio-inspired design in the pursuit of ecological regeneration and psychological wellbeing'. In Brebbia, C. (Ed), Sustainable Development IV, WIT Press.
A growing amount of architectural discourse explores analogies between ecosystems and living organisms, and architectural design that increases the capacity for regeneration. This is referred to here as bio-inspired design. This paper examines the relationship between biophilic and biomimetic approaches to architectural design as two aspects of bio-inspired design.
The theory that bio-inspired design is inherently linked in the creation of regenerative architecture, able to increase capacity for self repair in both living ecosystems and the human psyche is examined. Intersections, or mutualisms between design to improve the wellbeing of ecosystems and design to improve human wellbeing, such as biomimicry and biophilia, are analysed and may illustrate the key aspects of bio-inspired design that could contribute to regenerative design. The implications of such an approach are discussed, and the scientific basis of such a process is investigated.
This document presents information on green building assessment systems. It discusses the key principles of green building including efficient use of energy, water and resources, and protecting occupant health. It then describes the BREEAM assessment system, the first in the world, and provides examples of buildings that have achieved high BREEAM ratings, like PwC's London office which scored 96.31% and was the first to receive an "outstanding" rating. One Angel Square in Manchester scored 95.16% under BREEAM and featured innovations like a living wall and biodiesel-powered energy system.
Architectural Appraisal - CII- Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre HyderabadPrastara Architects
The CII-Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre in Hyderabad is India's first LEED Platinum rated building from 2004. It is a commercial and institutional building that incorporates traditional Indian concepts with modern green building practices. Some key features include solar PV systems, natural ventilation via wind towers, a high-efficiency HVAC system, rainwater harvesting, and extensive green spaces. The building achieves 50% energy savings and 35% water reduction compared to a conventional building.
The document discusses biophilic architecture, which aims to create environmentally friendly and energy efficient buildings through the effective use of natural resources. Biophilic design incorporates natural elements like sunlight, plants, and natural materials to positively influence human health and wellness. It works on the principle that humans have an innate connection with nature. The document outlines several biophilic design standards and concludes that biophilic and regenerative design can help conceive buildings that are better integrated with local ecosystems.
The Science & Style of Biophilic Design by Oliver heathRedactie Intogreen
The document discusses how biophilic design can improve health, wellbeing and productivity. It notes that stress is a leading cause of illness and that people now spend most of their time indoors. Biophilic design aims to incorporate nature into buildings to satisfy humans' innate attraction to nature. The key constructs of biophilic design include visual and non-visual connections to nature, natural materials, and designs that evoke human responses like prospect and refuge. Evidence suggests biophilic design can reduce stress, improve sleep, and increase productivity in offices, schools and hospitals.
This document discusses biomimetic architecture, which seeks to apply principles found in nature to architecture and design problems. It provides examples of biomimetic architecture at different levels: organism level looks to individual organisms like termite mounds for passive cooling inspiration; behavior level mimics how organisms interact with environments; and ecosystem level mimics interconnected environmental systems. Major examples given include bullet trains shaped like kingfisher heads, wind turbines modeled after humpback whales, and antimicrobial films inspired by shark skin. Biomimetic architecture is important because it can provide more sustainable solutions by emulating nature's successful models that have evolved over billions of years within Earth's limits.
leed certified buildings examplsPresentation team workgatti Teja
This document provides an overview of the LEED green building rating system and its implementation in India. Some key points:
- LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) is an internationally accepted benchmark for green building design, construction, and operations. The Indian Green Building Council administers the LEED rating system in India.
- LEED evaluates buildings based on categories like sustainable site design, water and energy efficiency, materials selection, and indoor environmental quality. Projects earn credits within these categories to achieve different levels of LEED certification.
- The CII Godrej Green Business Centre in Hyderabad is a LEED Platinum-certified building that incorporates various green features like a roof garden,
This document presents information on green building assessment systems. It discusses the key principles of green building including efficient use of energy, water and resources, and protecting occupant health. It then describes the BREEAM assessment system, the first in the world, and provides examples of buildings that have achieved high BREEAM ratings, like PwC's London office which scored 96.31% and was the first to receive an "outstanding" rating. One Angel Square in Manchester scored 95.16% under BREEAM and featured innovations like a living wall and biodiesel-powered energy system.
Architectural Appraisal - CII- Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre HyderabadPrastara Architects
The CII-Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre in Hyderabad is India's first LEED Platinum rated building from 2004. It is a commercial and institutional building that incorporates traditional Indian concepts with modern green building practices. Some key features include solar PV systems, natural ventilation via wind towers, a high-efficiency HVAC system, rainwater harvesting, and extensive green spaces. The building achieves 50% energy savings and 35% water reduction compared to a conventional building.
The document discusses biophilic architecture, which aims to create environmentally friendly and energy efficient buildings through the effective use of natural resources. Biophilic design incorporates natural elements like sunlight, plants, and natural materials to positively influence human health and wellness. It works on the principle that humans have an innate connection with nature. The document outlines several biophilic design standards and concludes that biophilic and regenerative design can help conceive buildings that are better integrated with local ecosystems.
The Science & Style of Biophilic Design by Oliver heathRedactie Intogreen
The document discusses how biophilic design can improve health, wellbeing and productivity. It notes that stress is a leading cause of illness and that people now spend most of their time indoors. Biophilic design aims to incorporate nature into buildings to satisfy humans' innate attraction to nature. The key constructs of biophilic design include visual and non-visual connections to nature, natural materials, and designs that evoke human responses like prospect and refuge. Evidence suggests biophilic design can reduce stress, improve sleep, and increase productivity in offices, schools and hospitals.
This document discusses biomimetic architecture, which seeks to apply principles found in nature to architecture and design problems. It provides examples of biomimetic architecture at different levels: organism level looks to individual organisms like termite mounds for passive cooling inspiration; behavior level mimics how organisms interact with environments; and ecosystem level mimics interconnected environmental systems. Major examples given include bullet trains shaped like kingfisher heads, wind turbines modeled after humpback whales, and antimicrobial films inspired by shark skin. Biomimetic architecture is important because it can provide more sustainable solutions by emulating nature's successful models that have evolved over billions of years within Earth's limits.
leed certified buildings examplsPresentation team workgatti Teja
This document provides an overview of the LEED green building rating system and its implementation in India. Some key points:
- LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) is an internationally accepted benchmark for green building design, construction, and operations. The Indian Green Building Council administers the LEED rating system in India.
- LEED evaluates buildings based on categories like sustainable site design, water and energy efficiency, materials selection, and indoor environmental quality. Projects earn credits within these categories to achieve different levels of LEED certification.
- The CII Godrej Green Business Centre in Hyderabad is a LEED Platinum-certified building that incorporates various green features like a roof garden,
Environmental & sustainable issue of high rise buildingkhulna university
The document discusses energy efficiency and sustainability issues for high-rise buildings. It defines key terms like energy efficiency, sustainability, and provides information on daylighting, renewable energy options, water management, and cutting edge technologies that can be used to increase sustainability in high-rise buildings. The document emphasizes using passive design strategies and renewable energy to reduce energy usage and emissions from buildings.
The presentation provides a brief summary of design guidelines for efficient and appropriate design of primary school. It is enlivened with appropriate images and texts.
This document discusses biophilic design, which aims to reconnect humans with nature in the built environment. It is based on the theory of biophilia, which posits that humans have an evolutionary connection to nature that is important for health and well-being. The document outlines how biophilic design incorporates natural elements and principles to promote benefits like reduced stress, improved focus and health indoors where people spend most of their time. It examines key research on biophilic patterns like visual connections to nature, air flow variability, and use of natural materials that mimic the outdoors.
Organic architecture is a philosophy of architecture which promotes harmony between human habitation and the natural world through design approaches so sympathetic and well integrated with its site, that buildings, furnishings, and surroundings become part of a unified, interrelated composition.
The California Academy of Sciences is located in San Francisco, California. It occupies 37,000 square meters and can accommodate 3,000 occupants. Architect Renzo Piano designed the $500 million building between 2005-2008 after an earthquake. It is a green building with a living roof containing over 1.7 million plants. The building contains a natural history museum, aquarium, planetarium, and rainforest and uses sustainable design practices like renewable energy and water recycling.
The CII-Godrej Green Business Centre in India was the first building to receive LEED Platinum certification outside of the US. It uses various sustainable design and construction features, such as a circular structure to maximize ventilation, local and recycled materials, passive cooling techniques like wind towers, a green roof for stormwater management and reduced energy consumption. The building aims to be a model for green building practices and environmental stewardship in India.
Sustainable architecture is architecture that seeks to minimize the negative environmental impact of buildings by efficiency and moderation in the use of materials, energy, and development space.
Sustainable architecture uses a conscious approach to energy and ecological conservation in the design of the built environment.
The idea of sustainability, or ecological design, is to ensure that our actions and decisions today do not inhibit the opportunities of future generations.
Biomimicry: Innovation Inspired by NatureAnne Chen
"Biomimicry - Innovation Inspired by Nature." The Potential Application of Beehives on Capsule Hotels. Date completed: December 2013. Brief: Economics & Ethics in Sustainable Design - Final Project. For our final project, we were asked to select a chapter from Janine N. Benyus's book "Biomimicry: Innovation Inspired by Nature", summarize it, then relate it to a separate but related research study of our choosing. The chapter: "How Will We Harness Energy?" The study: "Study of Beehive and its potential 'biomimicry' application on Capsule Hotels in Tokyo, Japan" by Despoina Fragkou and Dr. Vicki Stevenson.
Infosys has 10 buildings covering 2.7 million square feet that have received the LEED Platinum rating for green building design and operation. Infosys has the largest total area among corporations that is LEED Platinum certified for office space. The company has also undertaken initiatives to reduce its environmental impact through decreasing electricity and water usage as well as emissions.
This document discusses biophilic design, which aims to connect people and nature through building design to promote well-being. It explains that biophilic design is important for health by providing opportunities to live and work in healthy, low-stress spaces. The document then outlines 14 patterns of biophilic design divided into three categories - nature in space, natural analogues, and nature of space. Each pattern is described in terms of its experience and examples are given of buildings demonstrating each pattern. Bibliographic references are provided at the end.
Nature and Psychological Comfort: Biophilic ArchitecturePrabal Dahal
Bachelors' Level Directed Studies Research Presentation on how nature can bring about comfort to human beings done as a part of semester report for partial fulfillment of requirements of Bachelors of Architecture Degree at Kathmandu Engineering College, Tribhuvan University.
This document discusses biomimicry in building and design. It defines biomimicry as imitating designs and processes found in nature to solve human problems. The document outlines the biomimic design process and provides historical examples of biomimicry. It explains nine principles that nature follows, such as running on sunlight, fitting form to function, and recycling everything, that biomimicry aims to emulate. The presentation encourages applying biomimicry concepts to building design to achieve sustainability and efficiency inspired by natural models.
This document discusses biophilic design, which aims to incorporate nature into built environments to benefit human health and well-being. Biophilia refers to humans' innate affinity for nature, which developed over 99% of our evolutionary history living in natural environments. While people now spend most of their time indoors, contact with nature provides numerous health benefits. Biophilic design seeks to address the disconnect from nature in modern buildings by creating environments that satisfy humans' biological need to engage with natural elements, forms and processes. The principles of biophilic design include providing repeated and sustained opportunities for direct and indirect experience of nature in interior and exterior spaces.
Green Building Case Study on TERI,bangalore.Vinay M
This presentation basically encompasses the green practices which are followed or incorporated in the structure to attain the platinum rating systems and posses the sustainable features that way..!!
Manipal University Jaipur has been awarded LEED Platinum Certificate & Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment (GRIHA) award for water management.
This document discusses principles of sustainable architecture that can be incorporated in designing film institutes and film studios. It discusses using local and natural materials, renewable energy sources, passive cooling and heating techniques, green roofs, and minimizing resource usage. Case studies of sustainable buildings like the Mati Ghar cultural center and Ken Yeang's conceptual Nara Tower are provided as examples of implementing these principles through features like natural ventilation systems, vertical landscaping, and optimized building forms.
we just finished our presentation towards this slide and our assignment about green technology and new style of view and look for building. you can add more on how to create a better style of building. this is to create the better future of having a high standard of quality and in the same time, saving the green plant and decorate it in a best environment that we could have as a suggestion. might trying to improving the technology and eco-friendly things in a way to saving the economic side.
leed, rating system, green designs, sustainability, green concept, different rating systems of leed, manitoba hydro place, leadership in energy and environmental design, comparison between leed and other rating system , leed india
Case Studies that related to Solar Oriented Design Principles, environmental responsive, in tropical climate. It was done as a group assignment, thus credits go to my group members as well.
This is a seminar made on sustainable architecture, containing
INTRODUCTION
NEED
METHODS
ELEMENTS
PRINCIPLES
DESIGN STRATEGY
SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS
RENEWABLE ENERGY GENERATION
TYPES
EXAMPLES
REFERENCES.
The document discusses various ways that nature can inspire design and business practices through biomimicry. It provides examples of biomimicry in product design, including products inspired by geckos, sharks, and bullet trains. It also discusses how nature serves as a model for sustainable economies and closed-loop systems, with examples of biomimicry in architecture like the Council House 2 building in Australia.
The recent winners of the Autodesk-sponsored Biomimicry Student Design Challenge come from the Art Institute of Isfahan in Iran. The team set out to use biomimicry-inspired design to reduce energy use in a building designed for Iran’s harsh desert climate. The result, inspired by the desert snail, is the Bio-Arch, which minimizes the surface area exposed to solar radiation with curved surfaces and shading. Learn more about their sustainable design approach and use of Autodesk® Ecotect® Analysis software to achieve winning results.
Environmental & sustainable issue of high rise buildingkhulna university
The document discusses energy efficiency and sustainability issues for high-rise buildings. It defines key terms like energy efficiency, sustainability, and provides information on daylighting, renewable energy options, water management, and cutting edge technologies that can be used to increase sustainability in high-rise buildings. The document emphasizes using passive design strategies and renewable energy to reduce energy usage and emissions from buildings.
The presentation provides a brief summary of design guidelines for efficient and appropriate design of primary school. It is enlivened with appropriate images and texts.
This document discusses biophilic design, which aims to reconnect humans with nature in the built environment. It is based on the theory of biophilia, which posits that humans have an evolutionary connection to nature that is important for health and well-being. The document outlines how biophilic design incorporates natural elements and principles to promote benefits like reduced stress, improved focus and health indoors where people spend most of their time. It examines key research on biophilic patterns like visual connections to nature, air flow variability, and use of natural materials that mimic the outdoors.
Organic architecture is a philosophy of architecture which promotes harmony between human habitation and the natural world through design approaches so sympathetic and well integrated with its site, that buildings, furnishings, and surroundings become part of a unified, interrelated composition.
The California Academy of Sciences is located in San Francisco, California. It occupies 37,000 square meters and can accommodate 3,000 occupants. Architect Renzo Piano designed the $500 million building between 2005-2008 after an earthquake. It is a green building with a living roof containing over 1.7 million plants. The building contains a natural history museum, aquarium, planetarium, and rainforest and uses sustainable design practices like renewable energy and water recycling.
The CII-Godrej Green Business Centre in India was the first building to receive LEED Platinum certification outside of the US. It uses various sustainable design and construction features, such as a circular structure to maximize ventilation, local and recycled materials, passive cooling techniques like wind towers, a green roof for stormwater management and reduced energy consumption. The building aims to be a model for green building practices and environmental stewardship in India.
Sustainable architecture is architecture that seeks to minimize the negative environmental impact of buildings by efficiency and moderation in the use of materials, energy, and development space.
Sustainable architecture uses a conscious approach to energy and ecological conservation in the design of the built environment.
The idea of sustainability, or ecological design, is to ensure that our actions and decisions today do not inhibit the opportunities of future generations.
Biomimicry: Innovation Inspired by NatureAnne Chen
"Biomimicry - Innovation Inspired by Nature." The Potential Application of Beehives on Capsule Hotels. Date completed: December 2013. Brief: Economics & Ethics in Sustainable Design - Final Project. For our final project, we were asked to select a chapter from Janine N. Benyus's book "Biomimicry: Innovation Inspired by Nature", summarize it, then relate it to a separate but related research study of our choosing. The chapter: "How Will We Harness Energy?" The study: "Study of Beehive and its potential 'biomimicry' application on Capsule Hotels in Tokyo, Japan" by Despoina Fragkou and Dr. Vicki Stevenson.
Infosys has 10 buildings covering 2.7 million square feet that have received the LEED Platinum rating for green building design and operation. Infosys has the largest total area among corporations that is LEED Platinum certified for office space. The company has also undertaken initiatives to reduce its environmental impact through decreasing electricity and water usage as well as emissions.
This document discusses biophilic design, which aims to connect people and nature through building design to promote well-being. It explains that biophilic design is important for health by providing opportunities to live and work in healthy, low-stress spaces. The document then outlines 14 patterns of biophilic design divided into three categories - nature in space, natural analogues, and nature of space. Each pattern is described in terms of its experience and examples are given of buildings demonstrating each pattern. Bibliographic references are provided at the end.
Nature and Psychological Comfort: Biophilic ArchitecturePrabal Dahal
Bachelors' Level Directed Studies Research Presentation on how nature can bring about comfort to human beings done as a part of semester report for partial fulfillment of requirements of Bachelors of Architecture Degree at Kathmandu Engineering College, Tribhuvan University.
This document discusses biomimicry in building and design. It defines biomimicry as imitating designs and processes found in nature to solve human problems. The document outlines the biomimic design process and provides historical examples of biomimicry. It explains nine principles that nature follows, such as running on sunlight, fitting form to function, and recycling everything, that biomimicry aims to emulate. The presentation encourages applying biomimicry concepts to building design to achieve sustainability and efficiency inspired by natural models.
This document discusses biophilic design, which aims to incorporate nature into built environments to benefit human health and well-being. Biophilia refers to humans' innate affinity for nature, which developed over 99% of our evolutionary history living in natural environments. While people now spend most of their time indoors, contact with nature provides numerous health benefits. Biophilic design seeks to address the disconnect from nature in modern buildings by creating environments that satisfy humans' biological need to engage with natural elements, forms and processes. The principles of biophilic design include providing repeated and sustained opportunities for direct and indirect experience of nature in interior and exterior spaces.
Green Building Case Study on TERI,bangalore.Vinay M
This presentation basically encompasses the green practices which are followed or incorporated in the structure to attain the platinum rating systems and posses the sustainable features that way..!!
Manipal University Jaipur has been awarded LEED Platinum Certificate & Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment (GRIHA) award for water management.
This document discusses principles of sustainable architecture that can be incorporated in designing film institutes and film studios. It discusses using local and natural materials, renewable energy sources, passive cooling and heating techniques, green roofs, and minimizing resource usage. Case studies of sustainable buildings like the Mati Ghar cultural center and Ken Yeang's conceptual Nara Tower are provided as examples of implementing these principles through features like natural ventilation systems, vertical landscaping, and optimized building forms.
we just finished our presentation towards this slide and our assignment about green technology and new style of view and look for building. you can add more on how to create a better style of building. this is to create the better future of having a high standard of quality and in the same time, saving the green plant and decorate it in a best environment that we could have as a suggestion. might trying to improving the technology and eco-friendly things in a way to saving the economic side.
leed, rating system, green designs, sustainability, green concept, different rating systems of leed, manitoba hydro place, leadership in energy and environmental design, comparison between leed and other rating system , leed india
Case Studies that related to Solar Oriented Design Principles, environmental responsive, in tropical climate. It was done as a group assignment, thus credits go to my group members as well.
This is a seminar made on sustainable architecture, containing
INTRODUCTION
NEED
METHODS
ELEMENTS
PRINCIPLES
DESIGN STRATEGY
SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS
RENEWABLE ENERGY GENERATION
TYPES
EXAMPLES
REFERENCES.
The document discusses various ways that nature can inspire design and business practices through biomimicry. It provides examples of biomimicry in product design, including products inspired by geckos, sharks, and bullet trains. It also discusses how nature serves as a model for sustainable economies and closed-loop systems, with examples of biomimicry in architecture like the Council House 2 building in Australia.
The recent winners of the Autodesk-sponsored Biomimicry Student Design Challenge come from the Art Institute of Isfahan in Iran. The team set out to use biomimicry-inspired design to reduce energy use in a building designed for Iran’s harsh desert climate. The result, inspired by the desert snail, is the Bio-Arch, which minimizes the surface area exposed to solar radiation with curved surfaces and shading. Learn more about their sustainable design approach and use of Autodesk® Ecotect® Analysis software to achieve winning results.
The document discusses biomimetic architecture, which is architecture that is inspired by nature. It takes design principles from nature, such as structures and processes found in organisms, their behaviors, and entire ecosystems. Examples provided include buildings designed to mimic structures like seashells, trees, birds' nests, and more. The document advocates for biomimetic design principles that can make architecture more sustainable by emulating nature's effective functions like climate control and use of natural resources.
This document provides instructions and sample questions for the SET (Symbiosis Entrance Test) for Design. It outlines the test structure, with 100 multiple choice questions divided into 30 questions for General English and 70 for Design Aptitude. The instructions emphasize marking answers clearly on the provided OMR sheet, not leaving the test hall, and retaining the test booklet. Sample questions cover topics in English grammar, design principles, crafts, materials, and measurement units.
Biomimicry is the practice of imitating nature's designs and processes to solve human problems. It uses nature as a model, measure, and mentor. Many human challenges involving energy, transportation, materials, and more have already been solved by nature over the past 3.8 billion years of evolution. Examples of biomimicry include bullet trains modeled after kingfishers, underwater sensors inspired by dolphin communication, carbon dioxide filtration based on human lungs, and self-healing materials from wound healing in the body. The Biomimicry Institute has worked with over 250 clients to apply these biological solutions across many industries.
THEORIES OF ARCHITECTURE & URBANISM [ARC61303] [ARC2224]- Project Part 2 Anal...Angeline KH
- The orientation and layout of the Perdana Homes in Kuantan, Malaysia are designed according to the local site context and climate conditions, with houses oriented to reduce solar exposure from the east and capture prevailing winds.
- The architectural design of the homes is influenced by Le Corbusier's principles of modern architecture, with an emphasis on simplicity, clarity of form, and expression of structural elements.
- Various housing sizes and layouts are provided to suit different user needs and budgets, with corner homes having better views and space than mid-terrace homes. Open plans and use of voids are intended to improve user experience and communication.
The document discusses the key points of cyclone resistant construction. It recommends using circular, hexagonal, or octagonal building shapes to improve aerodynamics during cyclones. Corner rounding is also suggested for rectangular structures. Design considerations include using reinforced concrete structures, integrating vertical stiffeners and horizontal bands, and avoiding large openings or projections on walls.
THEORIES OF ARCHITECTURE & URBANISM [ARC61303] [ARC2224]- Project Part 2 Anal...Angeline KH
This document provides biographical information about Malaysian architect Ar. Lum Chong Lin and analyzes the design of his Perdana Homes housing development in Kuantan, Malaysia. It discusses how Lum was influenced by modernist principles of form following function and simplicity. The design of Perdana Homes utilizes strategies like orientation, fenestration, overhangs and voids to promote natural ventilation and thermal comfort according to the local climate. The open floor plans and layout are designed for functionality and usability. Modernist ideas of standardization and simplicity are evident through the clarity of forms and reduction of ornamentation.
What does nature have to teach us about how to be more successful in our products, buildings, businesses and society?
With 3.8 billion years of experience, it turns out that nature can teach us plenty! In this brief seminar, we’ll begin to explore the new field of biomimicry - what it is, what it isn’t, and how to use it to become more successful in your practices. Examples will include the development of better products, improved performance in business and organizations, and how the Living Building Challenge applies the ideas to the built environment. Wear your running shoes!
This document discusses tropical architecture and climate. It defines tropical climate as regions where the annual mean temperature is not less than 20 degrees. It identifies key characteristics of tropical climates like high temperatures, humidity levels between 50-100%, and prevailing wind patterns. The document also outlines different tropical climate zones - warm humid, hot dry, hot dry maritime desert, monsoon/transition, and tropical upland - and provides examples of locations that fall under each climate type. It stresses that tropical design must consider the local climate context to minimize energy needs and maximize occupant comfort through climate-responsive architecture.
Postmodern architecture is a reaction and evolution to the modern architecture that came before it. Not only did designers begin to make use of new innovations, but at the same time they appropriated design elements from the past. Buildings became an eclectic mix of old and new as the old "Form follows function" mantra was forgotten. One of the iconic postmodern examples is the Sony Building in New York City.
As with many cultural movements, some of postmodernism's most pronounced and visible ideas can be seen in architecture. The functional and formalized shapes and spaces of the modernist movement are replaced by aesthetics: form is adopted for its own sake, and new ways of viewing familiar styles and space abound.
Classic examples of modern architecture are the Lever House and the Seagram Building in commercial space, and the architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright or the Bauhaus movement in private or communal spaces.
Transitional examples of postmodern architecture are the Portland Building in Portland, Oregon and the Sony Building in New York City, which borrows elements and references from the past and reintroduces color and symbolism to architecture.
The document discusses principles of tropical architecture and design through two case studies - the Belarocca Island Resort in the Philippines and a house in Maui, Hawaii. It outlines how these projects utilize passive design elements like orientation, ventilation, shading and natural materials to promote thermal comfort without mechanical cooling. Key strategies include maximizing air flow, removing hot air via convection currents, and using vegetation for shade and fresh air.
Biomimicry is the imitation of nature to solve complex problems. It involves imitating models, systems, and elements from nature in various fields like sports, technology, architecture, transportation, and swarm intelligence to promote sustainability. Biomimicry draws inspiration from nature to address challenges in many areas of human endeavor.
In this theory the form is outcome of various physical, social, psychological and symbolic functions
For example if we want to design concert hall, the form will be the abstract of functional data which is defined by the distance of the seats the place of foyer the relation between all functions and also a symbolic appearance of the building. In this type of design the context of the building is not considered and we can put the designed project in different sites and places with no attention to the contextual matters. In this theory architects must act like a scientist. It means that they have to find some form in a body of pre existing facts. So it can be named as kind of true and false game. The designer will do its job according to client`s needs climatological conditions and community values. The difference is here that architects cannot define general lows for the design solution as like as the scientists do.
The document discusses the history and development of architectural theory from antiquity to modern times. It begins with Vitruvius, the earliest surviving works on architectural theory from ancient Rome. It then discusses influential theorists from different time periods like Alberti, Palladio, and modern theorists like Le Corbusier. The document also categorizes different types of architectural theories like thematic theories focused on a single goal and theories of synthesis aimed at fulfilling multiple goals. Overall, the document provides a comprehensive overview of architectural theory through history.
Architecture After the Industrial Revolutionnichols4
From the Chrystal Palace in London and the Eiffel Tower in Paris to the sky scrapers of New York and Frank Lloyd Wright's Falling Water, we'll explore some foundational movements in architecture in the last 150 years.
Deconstructive Architecture and Its Pioneer Architects Rohit Arora
The concept of deconstructive architecture and main pioneers of deconstructive architecture. Town hall finland, Jacques Derrida ,Frank O Gehry , Bernard Tschumi, Zaha Hadid,Galaxy Soho, JVC entertainment Centre, Guggenheim Museum Bilbao.BMW Central Building.
This document outlines the contents and topics to be covered in a presentation on biomimetic architecture. The contents include an introduction to biomimicry, backgrounds on how it began, approaches to biomimicry including design to biology and biology to design. It also discusses principles of biomimicry such as nature running on sunlight and recycling everything. Steps to adopt biomimicry are provided, which include biologizing the question and developing designs inspired by nature. Case studies, analysis, applications and conclusions will also be part of the presentation.
The document discusses Louis Sullivan and his principle of "form follows function" in architecture. It provides background on Sullivan, describes some of his most famous buildings like the Wainwright Building and Guaranty Building, and how they demonstrated his principle. Sullivan saw that skyscrapers demanded a new aesthetic that echoed their steel frame structure and function on the interior and exterior. He is considered the father of modern American architecture for his rejection of historical ornamentation in favor of designs emphasizing structure and function.
This document summarizes a study on applying biologically inspired concepts from nature to solve problems in the construction industry. It discusses how nature has provided models for engineers and architects through natural structures like root bridges and termite mounds that passively regulate temperature. The study explores two approaches to biomimicry - looking to biology to solve human problems, and having biology influence design. Examples given are a vapor barrier product called MemBrain inspired by leaf stomata, and the Eastgate building whose ventilation system was based on termite mounds. The document also outlines three levels of biomimicry - organism, behavior, and ecosystem levels.
This public lecture outlines my research into new (green) materials that are environmentally sensitive and have some of the properties of living systems. The development of these materials provokes a re-consideration of our understanding of sustainable architectural practice and expands the available design portfolio beyond alternative energy sources, efficiency and recycling in order to retool architects for the ambitious 'zero carbon' city targets set by the Brussels 2030 Energy Comission
This document discusses lessons that can be learned from nature and applied to sustainable architecture. It provides examples of characteristics found in nature, such as running on sunlight and recycling, that architecture could mimic. Specific natural construction methods like sculpting, piling up, and weaving are examined. Biomimetics is introduced as abstracting functional attributes from organisms for technological solutions. The document also explores patterns, shapes, structures and sensing methods found in nature that could inspire architectural design approaches.
The document discusses the concepts of ecological design and how it has evolved from early pioneers. Ecological design aims to transform matter and energy using natural processes modeled on nature. Early leaders like Buckminster Fuller, Frank Lloyd Wright, and Richard Neutra incorporated nature into their designs. Publications in the early 1990s helped establish principles of sustainability and areas to consider in green building design. The concept has shifted from green to regenerative design, which aims to restore and revive nature through human participation in natural systems. Approaches include high-performance design, green design, sustainable design, and regenerative design.
‘Biomimetic Approaches to Architectural Design for Increased Sustainability’,...Dr Maibritt Pedersen Zari
Biomimicry, where flora, fauna or entire ecosystems are emulated as a basis for design, is a growing area of research in the fields of architecture and engineering. This is due to both the fact that it is an inspirational source of possible new innovation and because of the potential it offers as a way to create a more sustainable and even regenerative built environment. The widespread and practical application of biomimicry as a design method remains however largely unrealised. A growing body of international research identifies various obstacles to the employment of biomimicry as an architectural design method. One barrier of particular note is the lack of a clear definition of the various approaches to biomimicry that designers can initially employ.
Through a comparative literature review, and an examination of existing biomimetic technologies, this paper elaborates on distinct approaches to biomimetic design that have evolved. A framework for understanding the various forms of biomimicry has been developed, and is used to discuss the distinct advantages and disadvantages inherent in each as a design methodology. It is shown that these varied approaches may lead to different outcomes in terms of overall sustainability or regenerative potential.
It is posited that a biomimetic approach to architectural design that incorporates an understanding of ecosystems could become a vehicle for creating a built environment that goes beyond simply sustaining current conditions to a restorative practice where the built environment becomes a vital component in the integration with and regeneration of natural ecosystems.
The document outlines a course on sustainable and green buildings. It covers 5 units:
1. Introduction, including definitions of sustainability, strategies for eco-friendly design, and using ecosystem analogies.
2. Eco house design, focusing on passive design principles like conserving energy, working with the climate, minimizing new resources, and case studies.
3. Environmental impacts of building materials, like embodied energy and life cycle analysis.
4. Green construction and certification systems like LEED and case studies on renewable energy, water management, and materials.
5. Case studies applying green building design principles.
This document summarizes a research article about biomimicry in architecture. The article explores how biomimicry, which involves mimicking designs from nature, can influence architecture, the environment, the economy, and society. It discusses theories of biomimicry, sustainability, and nature-inspired design. A survey was conducted with architecture and engineering professionals to evaluate how biomimicry design may impact the surrounding community and inhabitants. The research aims to examine how biomimicry can create architecture with maximum comfort and minimum environmental impact while being economically efficient.
Bio-eco engineering uses engineering solutions that incorporate natural resources and materials to improve structures and create new ecosystems. It emerged in the 1960s but took decades to define. Mitsch and Jorgensen defined it as designing services that benefit society and nature through sustainable, systems-based integration of humans and the environment. The goal is restoring disturbed ecosystems and developing new sustainable ecosystems with human and ecological value. Ecological engineering combines science, engineering, and economics to restore and construct aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Design follows an engineering problem cycle considering ecological timeframes and utilizes ecological science, conservation, and integrated systems approaches.
The document discusses biomimicry in architecture. It defines biomimicry as taking inspiration from nature's models, systems, and processes to solve design problems sustainably. The document outlines two approaches to biomimicry in design: the problem-based direct approach where designers look to nature for solutions to identified problems, and the solution-based indirect approach where characteristics of organisms or ecosystems are translated to designs. It also notes limitations in fully emulating nature, as ecosystems develop over long periods while architectural designs must be implemented upfront.
Biomimicry is an approach to innovation that seeks sustainable solutions by emulating nature's patterns and strategies. Nature has solved many problems humans are facing, as organisms are highly engineered after billions of years of evolution. Biomimetic architecture specifically looks to nature for principles of sustainable design, drawing inspiration from natural forms and processes without direct replication. Examples include tree-inspired columns in ancient Greece and organic architecture that follows natural flows. The most complex example is the Palm Islands in Dubai, which were constructed in the shape of palm trees using sand dredged from the sea floor and compacted into precise positions, applying biomimicry at the organism level.
Biomimicry is an approach to innovation that seeks sustainable solutions by emulating nature's patterns and strategies. Nature has solved many problems humans are facing, as organisms are highly engineered after billions of years of evolution. Biomimetic architecture specifically looks to nature for principles of sustainable design, drawing inspiration from natural forms and processes without direct replication. Examples include tree-inspired columns in ancient Greece and organic architecture that follows natural flows. The most complex example is the Palm Islands in Dubai, which were constructed in the shape of palm trees using sand dredged from the sea floor and compacted into place with precision technology.
Biomimicry is an approach to innovation that seeks sustainable solutions to human challenges by emulating nature's patterns and strategies. It examines nature's models, systems and processes to solve human problems. Architecture has long drawn inspiration from nature, and biomimetic architecture specifically looks to organisms and ecosystems for guidance on form, function and how to fit structures into their environments without resistance. The palm islands in Dubai are an example of biomimic architecture, mimicking the shape of palm trees at the organism level through their unique landscape layout, which was constructed from dredged sand compacted into precise positions to form the elaborate palm tree shape.
Biomimicry is an approach to innovation that seeks sustainable solutions to human challenges by emulating nature's patterns and strategies. It is based on the idea that nature has already solved many problems humans are facing. Biomimicry can be applied at the level of organisms, their behaviors, and ecosystems. Architecture has a long history of drawing inspiration from nature, from tree-inspired columns to more contemporary biomimetic designs. The Palm Islands in Dubai are an example of biomimetic architecture that imitates the shape of palm trees at the organism level. They were constructed using innovative engineering techniques like vibro-compaction of sand and GPS mapping.
Biomimicry is an approach to innovation that seeks sustainable solutions to human challenges by emulating nature's patterns and strategies. It is based on the idea that nature has already solved many problems humans are facing. Biomimicry can be applied at the level of organisms, their behaviors, and ecosystems. Architecture has a long history of drawing inspiration from nature, from tree-inspired columns to more contemporary biomimetic designs. The Palm Islands in Dubai are an example of biomimetic architecture that imitates the shape of palm trees at the organism level. They were constructed using innovative engineering techniques like vibro-compaction of sand and GPS mapping.
Biomimicry is an approach to innovation that seeks sustainable solutions to human challenges by emulating nature's patterns and strategies. It is based on the idea that nature has already solved many problems humans are facing. Biomimicry can be applied at the level of organisms, their behaviors, and ecosystems. Architecture has a long history of drawing inspiration from nature, from tree-inspired columns to more contemporary biomimetic designs. The Palm Islands in Dubai are an example of biomimetic architecture that imitates the shape of palm trees at the organism level. They were constructed using innovative engineering techniques like vibro-compaction of sand and GPS mapping.
Intelligent Buildings - Dr Derek Croome presents to CIBSE YorkshireCIBSE_Yorkshire
Building services consume energy and require careful maintenance if they are to be continuously reliable.
Compared to the building fabric their lifetime is comparatively short. However they make buildings habitable for people to work and live in them by providing air and water at suitable temperatures besides light, power and a host of other utilities for the occupants. The heating, ventilation and airconditioning are a major consideration because they provide heating and cooling for human needs.
With the pressures to design new and refurbish old buildings to be sustainable and also healthy we need to consider alternatives to the traditional approaches to systems provision.
Technology is advancing more and more rapidly but cannot provide all the answers. Throughout history people from all cultures throughout the world have discovered ingenious ways of dealing with the rigours of climate whether hot, humid or very cold. Then there is Nature. The marvels of the plant and animal worlds give ceaseless wonder and can stimulate us to think more laterally.
This document discusses the importance of sustainable and contextually sensitive architecture, urban design, and communities. It notes that buildings account for over 40% of carbon emissions and discusses the need to design and operate greener, more energy efficient buildings. The document advocates for an approach that considers the physical, cultural, social and environmental contexts of a place. It highlights several example projects in the UK that showcase innovative and sustainable housing designs.
Ken Yeang studied architecture at the Architectural Association in London, where he began questioning architecture's role in sustainability. In 1971, he became one of the first architects to pursue a PhD in ecological design at Cambridge University. Yeang's dissertation and later published work "Designing With Nature" established him as an early pioneer in green architecture. He is known for his research on applying bioclimatic and passive design principles to skyscrapers and other building types. Notable built works include his experimental "Roof-Roof" house and the award-winning Mesiniaga Tower, considered a model of bioclimatic skyscraper design.
Biomimetic Materials in Our World: A Review.IOSR Journals
The study of biomineralization offers valuable and incredible insights into the scope and nature of material chemistry at the inorganic and organic surfaces. Biological systems (architecture) are replete with examples of organic supramolecular assemblies (double and triplet helices, multisubunit proteins, membrane-bound reaction centres, vesicle, tubules e. t. c.), some of which (collagen, cellulose and chitin) extend to microscopic dimensions in the form of hierarchical structure, There are ample opportunities of lessons from the biological (on growth and functional adaptation), and physical (properties and compositions) world. This review explores the field of biomimetic material chemistry as it relates to fibres with respect to their historical perspective, the use of the products of biomimetic material, the progressive efforts and a general overview. Conclusively, biomimetic materials research is indeed a rapidly growing and enormously promising field that needs to be explored.
Biomimicry as a tool for sustainable products and processesMEGHANAJOSEPH
sustainable products and process, ideas from nature; principles, steps, approaches of biomimicry, forms, process, system, nature vs technology, organizations and institution, case studies, examples, cities the functions as forest
Similar to An architectural love of the living: Bio-inspired design in the pursuit of ecological regeneration and psychological wellbeing (20)
International Upcycling Research Network advisory board meeting 4Kyungeun Sung
Slides used for the International Upcycling Research Network advisory board 4 (last one). The project is based at De Montfort University in Leicester, UK, and funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council.
Discovering the Best Indian Architects A Spotlight on Design Forum Internatio...Designforuminternational
India’s architectural landscape is a vibrant tapestry that weaves together the country's rich cultural heritage and its modern aspirations. From majestic historical structures to cutting-edge contemporary designs, the work of Indian architects is celebrated worldwide. Among the many firms shaping this dynamic field, Design Forum International stands out as a leader in innovative and sustainable architecture. This blog explores some of the best Indian architects, highlighting their contributions and showcasing the most famous architects in India.
An architectural love of the living: Bio-inspired design in the pursuit of ecological regeneration and psychological wellbeing
1. An architectural love of the living:
Bio-inspired design in the pursuit of ecological
regeneration and psychological wellbeing.
Maibritt Pedersen Zari
Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand
maibritt.pedersen@vuw.ac.nz
2. Architectural design to
improve the wellbeing
of ecosystems
Biomimicry
Architectural design to
improve human wellbeing
Biophilia
mutualisms
regenerative design
3.
4. ‘Regeneration of the health of the humans and local earth
systems is an interactive process – each supports the
other in a mutually beneficial way...’ Bill Reed
6. Genzyme Headquarters in Massachusetts,
Behnisch and Behnisch, 2004
Ecosystems and the human psyche - biophilic architecture
7. Entrance to the 1900 Paris World Exposition,
René Binet. Based on Ernst Haeckel’s fractal
drawing of a radiolarian
Ecosystems and the human psyche - biophilic architecture
9. form
material
construction
process
function
form
material
construction
process
function
form
material
construction
process
function
The building looks like a termite.
The building is made from the same material as a termite (a material
that mimics termite exoskeleton / skin for example).
The building is made in the same way as a termite (it goes through
various growth cycles for example).
The building works in the same way as an individual termite (it
produces hydrogen efficiently through meta-genomics for example).
The building functions like a termite in a larger context (it recycles
cellulose waste and creates soil for example).
The building looks like it was made by a termite (a replica of a termite
mound for example).
The building is made from the same materials that a termite builds
with (using digested fine soil as the primary material for example).
The building is made in the same way that a termite would build in
(piling earth in certain places at certain times for example).
The building works in the same way as a termite mound would (by
careful orientation, shape, materials selection and natural ventilation
for example), or it mimics how termites work together.
The building functions in the same way that it would if made by
termites (internal conditions are regulated to be optimal and thermally
stable for example). It may also function in the same way that a
termite mound does in a larger context.
The building looks like an ecosystem (a termite would live in).
The building is made from the same kind of materials that (a termite)
ecosystem is made of (it uses naturally occurring common
compounds, and water as the primary chemical medium for
example).
The building is assembled in the same way as a (termite) ecosystem
(principles of succession and increasing complexity over time are
used for ex ample).
The building works in the same way as a (termite) ecosystem (it
captures and converts energy from the sun, it stores water for
example).
The building is able to function in the same way that a (termite)
ecosystem would and forms part of a complex system by utilizing the
relationships between processes (it is able to participate in the
hydrological, carbon, nitrogen cycles etc in a similar way to an
ecosystem for example).
Organism level
(Mimicry of a specific
organism)
Behaviou r level
(Mimicry of how an
organism behaves or
relates to it’s larger
context)
Ecosystem level
(Mimicry of an
ecosystem)
DaimlerChrysler Bionic car
Lloyd Crossing Project
CH2 project
Brunel Tunnelling Shield
The Lotus Effect
Waterloo International Terminal
Teatro del Agua
Carbon Sequestration
11. Architectural design to
improve the wellbeing
of ecosystems
Biomimicry
Architectural design to
improve human wellbeing
Biophilia
mutualisms
Regenerative design
12. Mutualisms in bio-inspired design:
1. Leverage and understand relationships
2. Base design on physical reality rather than theory alone
3. Avoid stylistic conformities
4. The local is vital
5. Design to allow complexity
6. Translation and abstraction
7. Use multidisciplinary knowledge
8. Conserve, restore, and regenerate ecosystems
14. Mutualism two:
Base design on physical reality rather than theory alone
McDonough and Partners
Adam Joseph Lewis Center for Environmental Studies at
Oberlin College, Ohio.
18. Vs
Mithūn Architects and GreenWorks Landscape Architecture
Lloyd Crossing Project proposed for Portland, Oregon.
Mutualism six:
Translation and abstraction
21. An architectural love of the living:
Bio-inspired design in the pursuit of ecological
regeneration and psychological wellbeing.
Maibritt Pedersen Zari
Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand
maibritt.pedersen@vuw.ac.nz
26. C02 Solutions - Carbon Sequestration
Process mimicry at the organism level
Biomimicry for climate change?
27. ‘…All the major global threats to human survival and
wellbeing are now primarily human caused.
That is, they stem directly from our own behaviour and
can therefore largely be traced to psychological origins.’
R Walsh
The need for psychology?
Editor's Notes
Pick up a paper
A growing amount of architectural discourse explores analogies between ecosystems and living organisms, and architectural design that increases the capacity for regeneration. This is referred to here as bio-inspired design. This paper examines the relationship between biophilic and biomimetic approaches to architectural design as two aspects of bio-inspired design.
The theory that bio-inspired design is inherently linked in the creation of regenerative architecture, able to increase capacity for self repair in both living ecosystems and the human psyche is examined. Intersections, or mutualisms between design to improve the wellbeing of ecosystems and design to improve human wellbeing, such as biomimicry and biophilia, are analysed and may illustrate the key aspects of bio-inspired design that could contribute to regenerative design.
Just want to explain what I mean by regenerative design before I get into the actual mutualisms.
The definition of cutting edge sustainable architecture is changing rapidly [1]. Aiming for ‘neutral’ or ‘zero’ environmental impact buildings in terms of energy, carbon, waste or water are worthwhile targets. It is becoming clear however, that buildings will need to go beyond having little negative environmental impact in the future, to having net positive environmental benefits [2]. Bill Reed describes the transition from conventional practice and green architecture (negative environmental impact), to sustainable architecture (zero impact), through to design with positive environmental impact. Regenerative architecture is the participation of humans as part of the living system, for the mutual benefit of both [3].
Aspects of regenerative architecture are beginning to emerge in the built environment, but translation into comprehensive examples of architecture or urban environments has not been rapid to this point. In the absence of tangible regenerative design concepts or methodologies, the intersections in bio-inspired design, which seeks to improve both the ecological and psychological suitability of the built environment, could be a crucial component of creating comprehensive regenerative architecture. (biomimcry as a vehicle for mimicking ecosystems).
Perhaps one of the key differences with a regenerative approach to design because it includes humans as part of ecosystems.
As Reed points out, ‘regeneration of the health of the humans and local earth systems is an interactive process – each supports the other in a mutually beneficial way. This awareness or consciousness of vital and viable interrelationship is the beginning of a whole system healing process.’ [3].
Regenerative architecture strategies
With a regenerative approach, buildings are designed as systems that interact in complex ways with each other, the living world, and their human inhabitants rather than as objects.
Questions how humans can participate in ecosystems through development to create optimum health.
Sees humans, human developments, social structures and cultural concerns as an inherent part of ecosystems.
Seeks to create or restore capacity of ecosystems and bio-geological cycles to function without human management.
Sees understanding the diversity and uniqueness of each place (socially, culturally and environmentally) as crucial to the design.
Sees the design process as ongoing and indefinite
Leading thinkers on regenerative design such as William Reed and Ray Cole argue that a shift from a built environment that ultimately is degenerating ecosystems to one which restores local environments and regenerates capacity for ecosystems to thrive, will not be a gradual process of improvements but will in fact require a fundamental rethinking of architectural design [3]. Biomimetic and biophilic architecture, as components of bio-inspired design may offer some insights into exactly how that could happen.
Example of a building that has aspects which have positive environmental impact.
Mick Pearce’s CH2 Building in Melbourne, Australia. The buildings is based in part on techniques of passive ventilation and temperature regulation observed in termite mounds, in order to create a thermally stable interior environment. Water which is mined (and cleaned) from the sewers beneath the CH2 Building is used in a similar manner to how certain termite species will use the proximity of aquifer water as an evaporative cooling mechanism.
Regeneration proponents talks about understanding or mimicking ecosystems (relationships and systems). Ecosystems are resilient, resourceful and opportunistic. They adapt and evolve, have the capacity to heal, and importantly, they create conditions conducive to ongoing life [18, 22]. If the living world is to give designers insights into architectural design, buildings may be considered as parts of a living system. In the same way as an ecosystem, such buildings could be designed to: produce energy and nutrients (materials); clean air and water; and use and transform waste in a complex, adaptive, and cyclic system. It a departure from the idea that the best buildings can be is ‘neutral’ in relation to the living world.
I wanted to investigate bio-inspired design in aid of that and to provide some specific and tangible theory. So in brief…
Ecosystems and the human psyche - biophilic architecture
The term biophilia means ‘the tendency to focus on life, and life-like processes’ [6]. Biophilic design seeks to incorporate an understanding of the process and importance of the human psychological connection with the perceivable living world. It combines evidence and theories from the areas of environmental psychology, evolutionary psychology, ecological psychology, neuroscience, and from those researchers and designers investigating the biophilia hypothesis and its implications for humans and for design [7].
Much of the evidence that biophilic design draws on comes from the premise that because the human mind evolved in the natural world, survival behaviours and responses related to certain organisms, landscapes and natural forms are genetically inherited, and affect the human sense of belonging and wellbeing. Evidence suggests for example, that people feel less stressed, are able to concentrate better and are even able to physically and psychologically heal more rapidly, when they have a connection with the living world [7-10].
The two most common manifestations of biophilic design are firstly, that elements of the living world, particularly plants should be brought into urban landscapes and building interiors [14]. An example of this approach is seen in the Genzyme Headquarters in Massachusetts, designed by Behnisch and Behnisch in 2004 [13]. Extensive use of gardens, running water, and natural light and materials are employed.
The second interpretation is that to increase psychological wellbeing, the built environment should mimic the geometry or morphology of natural form. One example of this is the investigation into the psychological benefits of fractal architecture, where similar forms repeat themselves at varying scales [15, 16]. Gothic and Hindu architecture is a commonly cited example of fractal architecture. Another early example is René Binet’s entrance to the 1900 Paris World Exposition, based on Ernst Haeckel’s fractal drawing of a radiolarian [17].
The architectural innovation of biophilic design is its potential contribution to creating a built environment that humans can thrive in both physically and psychologically.
Ecosystems and the built environment - biomimetic architecture
Biomimicry is the emulation of strategies seen in biology as a basis for design. It is the mimicry of the forms, materials, construction methods, processes, or functions, of an organism, an organism behaviour, or an entire ecosystem [18].
Number of different kinds of biomimicry.
(This is from some earlier work I did looking at sustainability outcomes of various different kinds of biomimicry)
An example of biomimetic architecture is Grimshaw Architects’ proposal for a theatre called Teatro del Agua in the Canary Islands. The theatre is also a unique desalination plant based on how the Namibian desert beetle and the hydrological cycle work. The beetle lives in a desert with little rainfall but is able to capture moisture from the swift fog that moves over it by tilting its body into the wind. Droplets form on the surface of the beetle’s back because the surface of its shell is cooler than the surrounding air, and so the water condenses. The droplets then roll down into its mouth [19]. The hydrological cycle is based of course on evaporation and precipitation. In the building, seawater will be passed over a series of evaporative grills. As the sea breeze moves through them some of the water evaporates, leaving salt behind. The moist air then continues until it hits pipes holding cool seawater. As the warm moist air touches the cool pipes, condensation forms and fresh water trickles down to be collected for use. Excess water and cooling can be transferred to neighbouring gardens and buildings. This proposal demonstrates some of the potential biomimicry has in creating architecture that goes beyond just increasing efficiencies, to one that creates resources.
To remind us of what I what trying to do…
A mutualism is described in biological terms as ‘a relationship between two species of organisms in which both benefit from the association’. In social terms, a mutualism describes the interdependence of social elements that is beneficial to both the individual and society[1]. Mutualisms between design to improve the wellbeing of ecosystems and design to improve human wellbeing, such as biomimicry and biophilia, may illustrate the key aspects of bio-inspired design that could contribute to regenerative design.
The things these two have in common, demonstrate perhaps the key aspects of design that should be included in regenerative design, because they reinforce both increased psychological and eco-system health.
These mutualisms are intended to complement ‘aspects of a regenerative approach to design’ outlined by Reed [3], and are offered as a starting point for the conceptual development of regenerative design. Through a literature review and an analysis of biophilic and biomimetic architectural design, eight such mutualisms have been identified:
Good thing about these is that they reinforce some of the key point of regenerative practice outlined by Reed, also offer up a few other points to consider.
Intend with the brief time left to go over these. The paper discusses each in more depth. (some quite hard to find suitable images for, so forgive me…)
Mutualism one: Leverage and understand relationships
Both biomimicry and biophilia seek to understand the living world and the human relationship to it. Biomimicry utilises the translation of biological or ecological strategies to improve the sustainability of the architecture. The rethinking of the physical relationship between human built form and the rest of the living world is central to a holistic form of biomimicry [20]. Relationships between buildings and building systems are also examined [18].
Biophilic design also leverages an understanding of relationships to create built form that can positively affect the relationship of humans to the built environment, and more broadly the psychological relationship of humans to the living world [29].
This demonstrates that understanding, harnessing and creating relationships and therefore systems, rather than just applying technological solutions without an understanding of wider context, could be a crucial part of regenerative design [3].
Example Kalunborg
Mutualism two: Base design on physical reality rather than theory alone
A common aspect of both biomimicry and biophilia is that design decisions are based on an understanding of the physical world that is the human context. Biomimicry looks to understand and then mimic how organisms or ecosystems actually work. Biophilic design incorporates observed and tested human psychological responses to the living world.
Salingaros and Masden point out that modern building and urban design tends to ignore or contradict the physical living processes of the world. They suggest that it is the spilt between design based on a response to physical context, and design based on human derived meaning alone, such as temporary fashion styles, that has created ‘inhumane’ cities and buildings that do not increase human wellbeing and in fact may decrease it [14].
An application of this mutualism suggests that regenerative architecture should be based on a comprehensive understanding of the physical reality of the ecological and cultural context of the design.
Shift from ecological metaphors to local specific knowledge. Eg Incorporated into McDonough’s Adam Joseph Lewis Centre at Oberlin College 2000. the functioning of wetlands is mimicked both inside and outside the building to filter and clean water, but the system also integrates plants.
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Though wetlands once comprised 90% of the north-central Ohio landscape, only 10% of those wetlands remain today. A constructed wetland and surrounding meadow ecosystem wrapping around the southeast corner of the building provide habitat for over 70 indigenous plant species and myriad animals. The wetland and connected 7,500-gallon storage cistern collect stormwater and retain it on-site, lowering demands on Oberlin's often-overwhelmed stormwater and sewage collection system. Once mature, the wetland will irrigate the site's grasses, gardens, and orchard. Designed to be restorative, the center celebrates the interaction of human and natural environments and has a goal to be a net-energy exporter.
Mutualism three: Avoid stylistic conformities
Bio-inspired design is not a style in the same way that modernism or postmodernism are for example. Ecosystem-based biomimicry is concerned with replicating functions and processes that are independent of a certain aesthetic. Biophilic architecture too is not easily recognisable as a distinct aesthetic style, because the underlying concepts are interpreted in different ways by designers.
Regenerative architecture is also unlikely to adhere to a certain visual style, because it will be systems based and place specific. Just as with bio-inspired design, architecture will be deemed ‘regenerative’, not because of how it looks, but because of how it increases capacity for positive relationships between humans, their built environment and the rest of the living world.
Mutualism four: The local is vital
Ecosystem-based biomimicry and biophilic design both emphasise place based design. One of the principles of ecosystem-based biomimicry is that, the immediate or local context an organism lives in, generally provides the resources and information it needs [23]. Understanding and utilising the local context then becomes an important aspect of ecosystem-based biomimicry [18].
Biophilic design emphasises that meaningful connections to the local context, both culturally and ecologically, increase human wellbeing [13].
Regenerative design should therefore ultimately be based on the design team having a deep and intimate understanding of the design context. Reed points out that we can best engage in restoration of those places where we live and therefore know well.
Mutualism five: Design to allow complexity
Biomimicry and biophilia both resist the simplification of systems and form. Ecosystem-based biomimicry may use an understanding of the importance of complexity in the natural world to create multifunctional, robust, self organising systems, where emergent effects are possible [18].
Research into biophilia discusses increasing complexity of form, particularly fractal patterns as being attractive to humans, because they mimic human cerebral organisation [14]. Enhanced wellbeing has also been linked to the complexity and variability of a constantly changing natural environment through time [30-32]. ‘Human beings connect physiologically and psychologically to structures embodying organised complexity more strongly than to environments that are either too plain, or which present disorganised complexity’ [14]. Salingaros, and Masden.
The lesson from this mutualism is that regenerative design may seek to embrace complexity and leverage it to create positive feedbacks or self-reinforcing effects, both ecologically and psychologically. Also suggests perhaps different kinds of control systems and decision making processes and relates to a more integrated and participatory design process.
Mutualism six: Translation and abstraction
Because of the unique needs, resources and scales that humans work with, biomimicry necessarily involves an interpretation or adaptation from biology into a human context [33, 34]. Biomimicry is not intended to a slavish exact copying of organisms, but instead an emulation of the strategies that organisms use to function. This process of translation often results in designs that are not immediately similar to the organism that inspired them in terms of form, but utilise the same functional concepts.
For example, a building that looks like an organism, but is made and functions in a conventional (rather than ‘green’) way is unlikely to be an environmentally sustainable building. A building that is able to mimic natural processes and can function like an ecosystem in its creation, use and eventual end of life has greater potential to contribute to a regenerative built environment.
The superficial copying of form is also discussed by advocates of biophilic design as a shallow interpretation of bio-inspired design. ‘There is a danger in… copying shapes that are irrelevant to a particular building or city… Making a giant copy of an organism… fails to provide any level of connectivity… [This] belies a fundamental misconception about living structure, which connects on the human levels of scale through organised details and hierarchal connections’ [14] (Salingaros and Madsen). Furthermore, it has been suggested incorporating translations, rather than exact copies, of natural form into architecture is a more comprehensive form of biophilic design. This is because it may not be living biological forms in themselves that nourish humans psychologically, but rather the underlying geometric or morphological complexity of living structure [14, 16, 35]. Relates to what I said earlier.
This mutualism suggests that regenerative architecture will avoid the shallow copying of form and processes and will make use of translation and abstraction to make designs relevant to particular contexts.
The project’s design team including Mithūn Architects and GreenWorks Landscape Architecture Consultants use estimations of how the ecosystem that existed on the site before development functioned, termed by them Pre–development Metrics™ to set a wide range of goals for the ecological performance of the project over an extended time period.
Most urban planning still assumes the continuance of large scale, inflexible, and separate utilities. The Lloyd Crossing plan looks ahead to a future in which 21st Century urban habitat, water, and energy systems are closely interconnected, and which differ substantially from those of the previous century. It then goes beyond traditional green building-level strategies to implement block- and neighborhood-wide sustainable systems and infrastructure, including:Shared water treatment systems for non-potable water reuse. Public open space and restored habitat “patches” in streetscape environments that begin to reestablish and reconnect habitat corridors Renewable energy systems and resources such as wind power, photovoltaic systems, and fuel cells, and A shared “thermal loop” system to balance heating loads between complementary uses.
The Plan’s energy vision for Lloyd Crossing in the year 2050 is a vital, attractive urban community that has achieved a neutral carbon balance by implementing a series of incremental energy efficiency strategies, both on-site and off-site. These strategies work together to reduce the neighborhood’s reliance on non-renewable sources of power, increase its utilization of available solar energy, and generate cost savings that can be reinvested in other areas.
Mutualism seven: Use multidisciplinary knowledge
Biomimetic and biophilic design both draw on knowledge from diverse fields of study. Biomimicry requires collaboration between biologists or ecologists, and designers. Biophilic design similarly requires a multidisciplinary team consisting of psychologists, neuroscientists, and designers. The multidisciplinary nature of bio-inspired design fits with the notion of an integrated and participatory design process being important to design for sustainability and social responsibility [36].
Regenerative design will likely have to be multidisciplinary and participatory in nature to take the myriad various aspects of human knowledge into account [3]. Bringing these together will be important in creating a comprehensive and widely relevant regenerative architecture.
Put in a picture of where I am from – needs to be regenerated and restored. Waikato River.
Mutualism eight: Conserve, restore, and regenerate ecosystems
The recognition of the fundamental importance of the health of ecosystems and the regeneration of them for the wellbeing of people is important in biomimicry. Living organisms and the systems they create are the source of design innovation. To lose more biodiversity is to lose potential design solutions. The aspect of respect for the living world, without romanticising nature is emphasised in much biomimicry literature [23, 33]. Benyus states for example: ‘…The companies, organizations and individuals who are learning from the natural world [could] donate a percentage of the royalties from every product and process to preserving the habitat of the organism that inspired the innovation’ [36].
Wilson outlines the basis for a conservation ethic as it relates to biophilia [29]. He argues that there is an innate psychological need for humans to be in a positive relationship with other life forms, and that there is substantial evidence to make such a claim. Living forms and their geometric characteristics must be preserved because of the ‘neurological nourishment’ they provide [6]. This is echoed by Heerwagen and Orians, who state that ‘a biologically impoverished planet will not only reduce humanity’s economic options, it will diminish our emotional lives as well’ [29].
Acknowledging and celebrating an increased respect for and care of the living world may therefore be a crucial part of regenerative architecture, and in fact may be reinforcing of both environmental and psychological wellbeing.
This is really the motivation perhaps behind regenerative design and its fitting then to prove that understanding and mimicking ecosystems, examined here as biomimicry and biophilia do reinforce the regeneration and restoration of ecosystems. Creating conditions conducive to life.
In conclusion, addressing the current state of the built environment and ensuring new buildings are designed to the highest standard, is becoming increasingly urgent as the negative environmental impact of humans is understood, and our complete dependence on ecosystems is more apparent [37]. Sustainability in architecture is generally thought of in terms of resource efficiency, pollution reduction and mitigating impact on natural ecosystems. It can be argued however that human wellbeing and planetary wellbeing are intricately interwoven [37]. Such an understanding forms the basis for a regenerative approach to design.
As the depth and breadth of human knowledge is more readily available, and cross disciplinary communication is possible, the boundaries of traditional areas of research are starting to merge. An understanding of ecology and psychology in architectural design, as demonstrated by biomimicry and biophilic design may signal significant ways forward for improving the built environment, particularly as a shift from goals of sustainable architecture to ones of regenerative architecture is made. This could transform ideas about what the built environment is, how it relates in a mutualistic way with the ecosystems it is part of, and how humans relate to both the living world and to the built environment and ultimately each other.
This paper demonstrates that by incorporating aspects of bio-inspired design into an understanding of regenerative architecture, significant environmental, social, and cultural benefits may accrue. This is because of actual changes but also because such an approach may help to facilitate the change in thinking that is needed. In addressing our negative environmental impact, we may with such an approach, be able to create a more functional, liveable, loved, and beautiful habitat for ourselves.
I have the paper here if anyone would like it. It unfortunately got left out of the printed proceedings. Or get in touch by email.
Since the industrial revolution, many esteemed examples of architecture have been based on the machine. Perhaps this is shifting.
The most important advantage of such an approach to biomimetic design may be the potential positive effects on overall environmental performance. Ecosystem based biomimicry can operate at both a metaphoric level and at a practical functional level. At a metaphoric level, general ecosystem principles (based on how most ecosystems work) are able to be applied by designers with little specific ecological knowledge. If the built environment was designed to be a system and was expected to behave like an ecosystem even if only at the level of metaphor, the environmental performance of the built environment may increase.
On a functional level, ecosystem mimicry could mean that an in-depth understanding of ecology drives the design of a built environment that is able to participate in the major biogeochemical material cycles of the planet (hydrological, carbon, nitrogen etc) in a reinforcing rather than damaging way. That a greater understanding of ecology and systems design is required on the part of the design team is implicit. Also required would be increased collaboration between disciplines that traditionally seldom work together such as architecture, biology and ecology. Such an approach challenges conventional architectural design thinking, particularly the typical boundaries of a building site and time scales a design may operate in.
Suggests a shift in thinking in terms of our design metaphors and also from design indivdual buildings to living systems that include built environments.
A growing body of international research identifies various obstacles to the employment of biomimicry as an architectural design method. One barrier of particular note is the lack of a clear definition of the various approaches to biomimicry that designers can initially employ. Through a comparative literature review, and an examination of existing biomimetic technologies, this paper elaborates on distinct approaches to biomimetic design that have evolved. A framework for understanding the various forms of biomimicry has been developed, and is used to discuss the distinct advantages and disadvantages inherent in each as a design methodology. It is shown that these varied approaches may lead to different outcomes in terms of overall sustainability or regenerative potential.
A comparative literature review and examination of existing biomimetic technologies was conducted. It is apparent that distinct approaches to biomimetic design exist, each with inherent advantages and disadvantages. These diverse approaches may have markedly different outcomes in terms of overall sustainability. While some designers and scientists employ biomimicry specifically as a method to increase the sustainability of what they have created, biomimicry is also used in some cases simply as a source of novel innovation.
An example is velcro…
To an example of carbon sequestration technology based on the human muscle.
‘CO2 Solution, headquartered in Quebec City, Canada, has developed a method of scrubbing carbon dioxide from flue gases using a technology based on the role of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase in the conversion of carbon dioxide to bicarbonates in human muscle tissue. As a result, the process works at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperatures, increasing energy efficiency. The process generates stable bicarbonate which is harmless to humans and the environment and become a valuable resource in its own right.
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The bicarbonate can be converted to a solid for storage or industrial processes. It can also be converted to highly concentrated gaseous CO2 for industrial applications or storage in depleted oil or gas wells, aquifers, or the ocean depths Applying the process to mitigate global warming was an early objective of the C02 Solution team. They developed a proof of “packed column” bioreactor, a device that is often employed in the chemical industry to remove contaminants from gases or separate volatile compounds from liquids. A gas containing a high concentration of carbon dioxide enters the bioreactor where it is mixed with an aqueous solution. The enzyme within the bioreactor acts as a catalyst, transforming carbon dioxide and water into bicarbonate which is then extracted for further processing. A key part of the process involves immobilizing the enzyme by bonding it to a polymeric substrate within the bioreactor’.
Ribbon diagram of human carbonic anhydrase
The need to include human psychology design methodologies to affect environmental restoration and conservation is demonstrated by Walsh [4]: ‘…All the major global threats to human survival and wellbeing are now primarily human caused. That is, they stem directly from our own behaviour and can therefore largely be traced to psychological origins.’
Perhaps one of the key differences with a regenerative approach to design because it includes humans as part of ecosystems.