1. PCS Boot Camp 2012

2.  Psychiatric Diagnoses are categorized by the
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Diso
. Better known as the DSM-IV
 The DSM-IV covers all mental health
disorders for both children and adults. It also
lists known causes of these disorders,
statistics in terms of gender, age at onset, and
prognosis as well as some research
concerning the optimal treatment
approaches.

3.  Psychiatric Diagnoses are defined by the
presence of symptoms; typically clusters of
symptoms.
 The DSM-IV is used by most diagnostic
professionals as a guide for differentially
diagnosing (based in strong and on-going
research).
 Symptoms of a psychiatric diagnosis range
from observable symptoms to reported
experiences of the patient.

4.  Benefits
 Therapies (psychological and medical)
can be implemented
 Insurance companies or other payees
can approve needed therapies
 Patient can give name to their
experience
 Decrease of functional impairments
 Risks
 Stereotypical Treatment
 Stereotypical Diagnosing
 Labeling/ Social Impact

5.  Psychological Therapy:
 Psychotherapy
 Group Therapy
 Psychoanalysis
 Behavioral Therapy
 Biological
 Psychotropic or Other
Medication to Treat the
Symptoms
 Older Therapies such as
Elecroconvulsive Shock Therapy

6.  Adjustment Disorders
 Anxiety Disorders
 Dissociative Disorders
 Eating Disorders
 Impulse-Control Disorders
 Mood Disorders
 Sexual Disorders
 Sleep Disorders
 Psychotic Disorders
 Sexual Dysfunction
 Somataform
 Substance
 Personality

7. Anxiety Disorders
Impulse-Control
Disorders
Mood Disorders
Psychotic Disorders

8.  Primary feature is abnormal or
inappropriate anxiety
 Increased heart rate, tensed
muscles, acute sense of focus
 Part of a normal process in our
bodies called the 'flight or
flight' phenomenon.
 These symptoms become a
problem when they occur
without any recognizable
stimulus or when the stimulus
does not warrant such a
reaction.

9.  Acute Stress Disorder
 Occurs within 2 days of and has not lasted beyond 4 weeks of a traumatic
experience
 Agoraphobia
 anxiety about being in places where escape might be difficult should a
panic attack develop
 Generalized Anxiety
 Obsessive-Compulsive
 obsessions (persistent, often irrational, and seemingly uncontrollable
thoughts) and compulsions (actions which are used to neutralize the
obsessions)
 Panic Disorder
 Phobias
 Associated with an object or situation
 Post-Traumatic Disorder
 Symptoms for at leas one month post trauma

10.  Failure or extreme difficulty in controlling impulses
despite the negative consequences.
 This failure to control impulses also refers to the
impulse to engage in violent behavior (e.g., road rage),
sexual behavior, fire starting, stealing, and self-abusive
behaviors

11.  Intermittent Explosive Disorder
 Kleptomania
 Impulse to Steal-opposed to shoplifting the impulse is not directed
toward need of the object, value, etc.
 Pathological Gambling
 Pyromania
 Impulse to deliberately and purposefully start fires
 Trichtillomania
 Impulse to pull one’s hair out
 Impulse Control Disorder NOS
 Not Otherwise Specified; currently used in diagnosing cutting
and other SIB behaviors that are not resultant of a developmental
disability

12.  Primary symptom is a disturbance in mood
 Inappropriate, exaggerated, or limited range of feelings
 Everybody gets down sometimes, and everybody experiences a
sense of excitement and emotional pleasure. To be diagnosed
with a mood disorder, your feelings must be to the extreme. In
other words, crying, and/or feeling depressed, suicidal frequently.
Or, the opposite extreme, having excessive energy where sleep is
not needed for days at a time and during this time the decision
making process in significantly hindered.

13.  Bipolar Disorder
 Bipolar I: Presence of Manic and Major Depressive Episodes
 Bipolar II: Presence of Hypo-manic and Depressive Episodes
 Cyclothymic Disorder
 Hypo-mania and Depressive Episodes that do not meet the criteria
for Major Depressive Disorder
 Dysthymic Disorder
 Persistent depressed mood that does not meet the criteria for MDD
 Major Depressive Disorder

14.  Presence of psychosis, or
delusions and hallucinations.
 Delusions are false beliefs that
significantly hinder a person's
ability to function.
 Hallucinations are false
perceptions. They can be visual
(seeing things that aren't there),
auditory (hearing), olfactory
(smelling), tactile (feeling
sensations on your skin that
aren't really there, such as the
feeling of bugs crawling on you),
or taste.

15.  Brief Psychotic Disorder
 Lasts between 1 day and 1 month
 Delusional Disorder
 Non-bizarre delusions
 Schizoaffective Disorder
 Dual diagnosis of Schizophrenia and an Affective (Mood) Disorder
 Schizophrenia
 Hallucination, Delusions, Disorganized Behavior or Speech
 Schizophrenoform
 Temporary diagnosis of Schizophrenia
 Shared Psychotic Disorder
 delusions which are similar in content to those of an individual
who already has an established delusion

16.  How can you know if someone that you work
with or know has a psychiatric diagnosis?

17.  What might be some of the challenges in
determining if an individual with a
developmental disability has a psychiatric
diagnosis?

18.  How can we determine if odd behaviors (aggressive,
repetitive, non-sensical communication, SIB, etc.)
are a result of the individuals developmental
disability or an additional psychiatric diagnosis?